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東日本大震災に伴う原子力災害の住民対応に携わった原子力の研究開発機関職員のメンタルヘルス対策

Mental health measures for the staff of nuclear research and development institution mobilized in dealing with residents during the nuclear disaster caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake

友常 祐介; 矢嶋 まゆみ; 奥野 浩  ; 山本 一也 

Tomotsune, Yusuke; Yajima, Mayumi; Okuno, Hiroshi; Yamamoto, Kazuya

2011年3月に起きた東日本大震災に伴い発生した東京電力福島第一原子力発電所における事故において、日本原子力研究開発機構では最初の1年間にのべ約45,000人の職員が本来の職場を離れて電話相談,一時帰宅支援,環境モニタリングなどの支援業務に従事した。特に、住民と直接に接する電話相談に従事した職員には、感情労働に伴うストレスがかかった。同機構の核燃料サイクル工学研究所ではこれらの支援業務に従事した職員に対して、組織的なメンタルヘルスケアを行った。本論文では今回の活動を「支援者の支援」の具体例と位置づけ、原子力災害において住民等の支援を行う職員のメンタルヘルスについて考察した。

During the first year of the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake in March 2011, a total of about 45,000 employees of Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) left their original workplaces to engage in telephone counseling, assistance of temporary return, and environmental monitoring. In particular, the staff who worked on the telephone counseling service, which directly contacted the residents, suffered from the stress associated with emotional labor. Systematic mental health care to the staff who engaged in these tasks was provided them in the Nuclear Fuel Cycle Engineering Laboratories of the JAEA. This paper considers this activity as a concrete example of "support for supporters" and discusses the mental health of the staff who provide support to the residents in a nuclear disaster.

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