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公共施設における除染効果の持続性の確認及び将来の空間線量率の予測

Confirmation of the sustainability of decontamination effects in public facilities and prediction of future air dose rates

日下部 一晃*; 渡邊 雅範; 西内 征司*; 山崎 琢平*; 井上 広海*

Kusakabe, Kazuaki*; Watanabe, Masanori; Nishiuchi, Masashi*; Yamasaki, Takuhei*; Inoue, Hiromi*

2011年3月に発生した福島第一原子力発電所事故による放射性物質の拡散に伴い、福島県をはじめ、広範囲にわたる地域が汚染された。除染や放射性物質の物理減衰等により、福島県内の空間線量率は着実に逓減しているが、放射線被ばくに不安を持つ県民のため、生活圏における除染効果の持続性を確認するとともに、将来的な空間線量率の推移を予測することで、安心に繋がる情報を提供することが重要となる。本報は、除染後の公共施設における除染効果の持続性を継続的且つ詳細に確認するとともに、将来の空間線量率の推移を既存のモデルによって予測できるか確認することを目的とした。除染後の公共施設の空間線量率を定点調査及び歩行調査により測定し、施設毎の空間線量率の変化を定量的に明らかにした。また、実測値と既存のモデルによる計算値を比較し、予測精度について検討した。調査対象としたいずれの施設においても除染後の明らかな再汚染は起きておらず、除染効果が持続していることがわかった。除染後の施設における将来の空間線量率の推移は、既存のモデルにより精度よく予測できることを確認した。

The spread of radioactive materials caused by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident that occurred in March 2011 contaminated a wide area that includes Fukushima Prefecture. Although air dose rates in Fukushima Prefecture have been steadily decreasing because of decontamination and the physical decay of radioactive materials, it is important to confirm the sustainability of decontamination effects in living areas and to predict future trends in air dose rates to reassure residents who are concerned regarding radiation exposure. This report aims to confirm the sustainability of the decontamination effects in public facilities after decontamination on a continuous and detailed basis, and to verify whether the future transition in air dose rates can be predicted using existing model. The air dose rates in public facilities after decontamination were measured via fixed-point and walking surveys, and the changes in air dose rates were clarified quantitatively for each facility. The measured values were compared with values obtained using existing model, and prediction accuracy was considered. The results showed that there was no evident recontamination after decontamination at any of the surveyed facilities, indicating that the decontamination effects were sustained. It was also confirmed that future trends in air dose rates at the facilities after decontamination could be accurately predicted by existing model. Key words: air dose rate, decontamination, future prediction, public facilities.

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