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鉄系,チタン系,タングステン系ハイエントロピー合金の作製と特性評価

Fabrication and characterization of iron-based, titanium-based, and tungsten-based high-entropy alloys

若井 栄一  ; 能登 裕之*; 柴山 環樹*; 中川 祐貴*; 石田 卓*; 牧村 俊助*; 涌井 隆  ; 古谷 一幸*; 安堂 正己*

Wakai, Eiichi; Noto, Hiroyuki*; Shibayama, Tamaki*; Nakagawa, Yuki*; Ishida, Taku*; Makimura, Shunsuke*; Wakui, Takashi; Furuya, Kazuyuki*; Ando, Masami*

エネルギー,原子力,高エネルギー加速器標的システム,核融合,生体等の分野では、放射線によって材料や機器に劣化が生じるため、高い耐久性や優れた機能を持つ新物質の創出が期待される。本研究では、低放射化性の元素(NiとCoを含まない)からなるFe系, Ti系, W系のハイエントロピー合金(HEA)に対し、Fe系は、高周波溶解法で、Ti系は、コールドクルーシブル浮揚溶解法で、W系は、金属粉末を用いたアーク溶解法で作製した。これらの材料については、X線回折法,組織観察,硬さ測定,磁気測定,電気抵抗測定,操作型透過形電子顕微鏡STEM(または、TEM, SEM)とエネルギー分散型X線分光法,超音波測定,熱間等方圧加圧(HIP)法の試験を実施した。これらのHEAは、通常の合金に比べて非常に硬く、また、Fe系HEAにおいては、磁気特性とそれに関する微細組織の解析では、微小な磁区構造等の興味深い特性を有すことが分かった。特に、鉄系とW系のHEAでは、HIP処理によって生じる結晶構造や方位及び内部組織の変化並びに付随する高温と圧力の効果によって磁気特性や材料強度特性に大きな影響を及ぼすことが分かってきた。

In the fields of energy, nuclear power, high-energy accelerator target systems, nuclear fusion, and biology, radiation causes degradation of materials and equipment, and thus it is expected to create new materials with high durability and superior functionality. In this study, for Fe-, Ti-, and W-based high-entropy alloys (HEA) composed of low activation elements (Ni and Co free), Fe-based alloys were prepared by radio frequency melting, Ti-based alloys by cold crucible levitation melting, and W-based alloys by arc melting using metal powders. These materials were tested by X-ray diffraction, microstructural observation, hardness measurement, magnetic measurement, electrical resistivity measurement, scanning transmission electron microscope STEM (or TEM, SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, ultrasonic measurement, and hot isostatic pressing (HIP) method. These HEAs were found to be much harder than normal alloys, and in Fe-based HEAs, the magnetic properties and related microstructural analysis showed that they have interesting characteristics such as micro magnetic domain structures. In particular, for Fe- and W-based HEAs, the changes in crystal structure, orientation, and internal microstructure caused by HIP treatment and the accompanying effects of high temperature and pressure have been found to have a significant effect on magnetic properties and material strength properties.

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