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Immobilization of Tc in radioactive liquid waste using freeze-drying method

凍結乾燥法を用いた放射性廃液中のTcの固定化

鈴木 誠矢 ; 渡部 創  ; 荒井 陽一  ; 中村 雅弘  ; 梶並 昭彦*

Suzuki, Seiya; Watanabe, So; Arai, Yoichi; Nakamura, Masahiro; Kajinami, Akihiko*

高レベル放射性物質(HLLW)は、現行法として高温加熱(1000$$^{circ}$$C以上)して融解させたホウケイ酸ガラスと混ぜ込み、急冷させてガラス固化体として処理されている(溶融急冷法)。しかし、この手法では有機溶媒の混入、白金族等の析出等の問題点があげられている。本研究では、フリーズドライ(以下「FD」)技術を応用して低温(数百$$^{circ}$$C以下)でのガラス固化体の作製方法を開発することを目的とする。HLLWを非放射性元素で模擬したコールド試験においては、模擬HLLWを添加したFDプロダクトからMoおよびZr以外の溶出は認められなかった。また、MoおよびZrイオンは酸化物アニオンとしての溶出が観察された。そして、カチオン群のFDプロダクトへの保持機構については、マイナスに帯電している酸素部位との静電相互作用によるものと推察されているが、アニオンの保持機構の評価は不足している。本報ではHLLW中でアニオンとして存在する元素を評価するために、Tcを用いたFDプロダクト作製試験に着手した。

Vitrification technology has been adopted as a treatment technology for high-level radioactive liquid waste (HLLW). In this vitrification process, HLLW is mixed with borosilicate glass that has been heated to over 1000 degree Celsius and melted, and then rapidly cooled to form a chemically stable solidified product. In this way, vitrification technology has already been established. On the other hand, there are some drawbacks of this technology due to the high temperature. Our group is focusing on a procedure to immobilize radioactive species into a chemically stable material at lower temperatures using freeze-drying (FD) technology. In the experiment on simulating HLLW, it was confirmed that major elements such as Ru, Pd and Nd were retained in the solidified material. The retention mechanism of cation groups in the solidified material is presumed to be electrostatic interaction with negatively charged sites in the matrix. However, Mo and Zr were eluted as anionic species. Tc, which is included as an anion species in HLLW, was not targeted in the simulated experiment, but immobilization of volatile Tc is challenging and important. In this study, to establish an immobilization technology of Tc, FD solidification tests on a nitric acid solution of 99Tc were carried out, and the immobilization mechanism of anion species is discussed.

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