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Effect of CaCl$$_{2}$$ addition on decontamination of radioactive Cs in soil via heat treatment

熱処理による土壌中の放射性Csの除染に関するCaCl$$_{2}$$添加効果

下山 巖   ; 小暮 敏博*; 奥村 大河*; 馬場 祐治*  

Shimoyama, Iwao; Kogure, Toshihiro*; Okumura, Taiga*; Baba, Yuji*

大気条件および真空条件の両方で、放射性Csで汚染された福島土壌を熱処理し、NaCl添加の場合と比較することで、CaCl$$_{2}$$添加の熱的土壌除染に対する有効性を調査した。CaCl$$_{2}$$を添加した場合、大気・真空いずれの条件下でも約740$$^{circ}$$Cで95%を超える除染率が得られ、NaCl添加よりもやや高い効果を示した。風化黒雲母に吸着した非放射性Csの熱処理による除去においても、CaCl$$_{2}$$はNaClより明確に高い効果を示した。NaClが真空条件下で土壌中の粘土鉱物に急速イオン交換(RIE)を引き起こすのに対し、CaCl$$_{2}$$は大気条件および真空条件の両方で熱処理初期にRIEを誘起し、その後、粘土鉱物の分解と相変態を促進して放射性Csの除去に寄与することが明らかとなった。これらの結果から、CaCl$$_{2}$$は単独でも熱処理に有効な添加剤であることが示された。

The effectiveness of CaCl$$_{2}$$ addition in thermal soil decontamination was investigated by performing heat treatment on radioactive Cs-contaminated Fukushima soil under both atmospheric and vacuum conditions, and comparing the results with NaCl addition. When CaCl$$_{2}$$ was added, a decontamination ratio exceeding 95% was achieved at approximately 740$$^{circ}$$C under both atmospheric and vacuum conditions, showing slightly higher efficacy than NaCl addition. For the removal of non-radioactive Cs adsorbed onto weathered biotite by heat treatment, CaCl$$_{2}$$ exhibited a distinctly greater effect than NaCl. While NaCl induces rapid ion exchange (RIE) in clay minerals of the soil under vacuum conditions, CaCl$$_{2}$$ was found to trigger RIE at the initial stage of the heat treatment under both atmospheric and vacuum conditions, subsequently promoting the decomposition and phase transformation of clay minerals leading to the removal of radioactive Cs. These results indicate that CaCl$$_{2}$$ is an effective additive for heat treatment even when used alone.

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分野:Environmental Sciences

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