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論文

Unique band structure of pressure induced semiconducting state in SmS characterized by $$^{33}$$S-nuclear magnetic resonance measurements

吉田 章吾*; 芳賀 芳範; 藤井 拓斗*; 中井 祐介*; 水戸 毅*; 他8名*

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 93(1), p.013702_1 - 013702_5, 2024/01

In Kondo insulators, a small energy gap evolves only at low temperatures. In this study, $$^{33}$$S-nuclear magnetic resonance measurements under high pressures are performed to clarify the electronic structure of SmS. The spin-lattice relaxation time, consisting of multiple components, was analyzed based on a periodic Anderson model with Bayesian inference, leading to a peculiar small gap state arising from strong hybridization.

論文

Spontaneous topological Hall effect induced by non-coplanar antiferromagnetic order in intercalated van der Waals materials

高木 寛貴*; 高木 里奈*; 見波 将*; 野本 拓也*; 大石 一城*; 鈴木 通人*; 柳 有起*; 平山 元昭*; Khanh, N.*; 軽部 皓介*; et al.

Nature Physics, 19(7), p.961 - 968, 2023/07

 被引用回数:0 パーセンタイル:95.71(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

In ferromagnets, electric current generally induces a transverse Hall voltage in proportion to the internal magnetization. This effect is frequently used for electrical readout of the spin up and down states. While these properties are usually not expected in antiferromagnets, recent theoretical studies predicted that non-coplanar antiferromagnetic order with finite scalar spin chirality - meaning a solid angle spanned by neighboring spins - can induce a large spontaneous Hall effect even without net magnetization or external magnetic field. This phenomenon, the spontaneous topological Hall effect, can potentially be used for the efficient electrical readout of the antiferromagnetic states, but it has not been experimentally verified due to a lack of appropriate materials hosting such magnetism. Here, we report the discovery of all-in-all-out type non-coplanar antiferromagnetic order in triangular lattice compounds CoTa$$_{3}$$S$$_{6}$$ and CoNb$$_{3}$$S$$_{6}$$. These compounds are reported to host unconventionally large spontaneous Hall effect despite their vanishingly small net magnetization, and our analysis reveals that it can be explained in terms of the topological Hall effect that originates from the fictitious magnetic field associated with scalar spin chirality. These results indicate that the scalar spin chirality mechanism offers a promising route to the realisation of giant spontaneous Hall response even in compensated antiferromagnets, and highlight intercalated van der Waals magnets as a promising quasi-two-dimensional material platform to enable various nontrivial ways of electrical reading and possible writing of non-coplanar antiferromagnetic domains.

論文

Rotation of complex ions with ninefold hydrogen coordination studied by quasielastic neutron scattering and first-principles molecular dynamics calculations

大政 義典*; 高木 茂幸*; 戸嶋 健人*; 横山 凱乙*; 遠藤 亘*; 折茂 慎一*; 齋藤 寛之*; 山田 武*; 川北 至信; 池田 一貴*; et al.

Physical Review Research (Internet), 4(3), p.033215_1 - 033215_9, 2022/09

Quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) and neutron powder diffraction of the complex transition metalhydrides Li$$_5$$MoH$$_{11}$$ and Li$$_6$$NbH$$_{11}$$ were measured in a temperature range of 10-300 K to study their structures and dynamics, especially the dynamics of the hydrogen atoms. These hydrides contain unusual ninefold H coordinated complex ions (MoH$$_9^{3-}$$ or NbH$$_9^{4-}$$) and hydride ions (H$$^-$$). A QENS signal appeared $$>$$ 150 K due to the relaxation of H atoms. The intermediate scattering functions derived from the QENS spectra are well fitted by a stretched exponential function called the Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts functions with a small stretching exponent $$beta approx$$ 0.3-0.4, suggesting a wide relaxation time distribution. The $$Q$$ dependence of the elastic incoherent structure factor is reproduced by the rotational diffusion of MH$$_9$$ (M = Mo or Nb) anions. The results are well supported by a van Hove analysis for the motion of H atoms obtained using first-principles molecular dynamics calculations. We conclude that the wide relaxation time distribution of the MH$$_9$$ rotation is due to the positional disorder of the surrounding Li ions and a unique rotation with MH$$_9$$ anion deformation (pseudorotation).

論文

Square and rhombic lattices of magnetic skyrmions in a centrosymmetric binary compound

高木 里奈*; 松山 直文*; Ukleev, V.*; Yu, L.*; White, J. S.*; Francoual, S.*; Mardegan, J. R. L.*; 速水 賢*; 齋藤 開*; 金子 耕士; et al.

Nature Communications (Internet), 13, p.1472_1 - 1472_7, 2022/03

 被引用回数:32 パーセンタイル:99.61(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

Magnetic skyrmions are topologically stable swirling spin textures with particle-like character, and have been intensively studied as a candidate of high-density information bit. While magnetic skyrmions were originally discovered in noncentrosymmetric systems, recently a nanometric skyrmion lattice has also been reported for centrosymmetric rare-earth compounds. For the latter systems, a novel skyrmion formation mechanism mediated by itinerant electrons has been proposed, and the search of a simpler model system allowing for a better understanding of their intricate magnetic phase diagram is highly demanded. Here, we report the discovery of square and rhombic lattices of nanometric skyrmions in a centrosymmetric binary compound EuAl$$_4$$, by performing small-angle neutron and resonant elastic X-ray scattering experiments. Unlike previously reported centrosymmetric skyrmion-hosting materials, EuAl$$_4$$ shows multiple-step reorientation of the fundamental magnetic modulation vector as a function of magnetic field, probably reflecting a delicate balance of associated itinerant-electron-mediated interactions. The present results demonstrate that a variety of distinctive skyrmion orders can be derived even in a simple centrosymmetric binary compound, which highlights rare-earth intermetallic systems as a promising platform to realize/control the competition of multiple topological magnetic phases in a single material.

論文

Rabi-oscillation spectroscopy of the hyperfine structure of muonium atoms

西村 昇一郎*; 鳥居 寛之*; 深尾 祥紀*; 伊藤 孝; 岩崎 雅彦*; 神田 聡太郎*; 川越 清以*; Kawall, D.*; 河村 成肇*; 黒澤 宣之*; et al.

Physical Review A, 104(2), p.L020801_1 - L020801_6, 2021/08

 被引用回数:12 パーセンタイル:84.06(Optics)

As a method to determine the resonance frequency, Rabi-oscillation spectroscopy has been developed. In contrast to conventional spectroscopy which draws the resonance curve, Rabi-oscillation spectroscopy fits the time evolution of the Rabi oscillation. By selecting the optimized frequency, it is shown that the precision is twice as good as conventional spectroscopy with a frequency sweep. Furthermore, the data under different conditions can be treated in a unified manner, allowing more efficient measurements for systems consisting of a limited number of short-lived particles produced by accelerators such as muons. We have developed a fitting function that takes into account the spatial distribution of muonium and the spatial distribution of the microwave intensity to apply this method to ground-state muonium hyperfine structure measurements at zero field. It was applied to the actual measurement data, and the resonance frequencies were determined under various conditions. The result of our analysis gives $$nu_{rm HFS}$$ = 4 463 301.61 $$pm$$ 0.71 kHz.

論文

Observation of longitudinal magnetic fluctuations at a first-order ferromagnetic quantum phase transition in UGe$$_2$$

野間 雄一郎*; 小手川 恒*; 久保 徹郎*; 藤 秀樹*; 播磨 尚朝*; 芳賀 芳範; 山本 悦嗣; 大貫 惇睦*; 伊藤 公平*; 仲村 愛*; et al.

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 90(7), p.073707_1 - 073707_5, 2021/07

 被引用回数:0 パーセンタイル:0(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

Ferromagnetic fluctuation relevant to the pressure-induced superconductivity in UGe$$_2$$ is investigated by means of NMR spectroscopy. Longitudinal magnetic fluctuations were observed in the spin-echo decay rate near the ferromagnetic critical point where superconductivity takes place. This result strongly suggests that superconductivity in ferromagnets is universally mediated by anisotropic magnetic fluctuations.

論文

Nonmagnetic-magnetic transition and magnetically ordered structure in SmS

吉田 章吾*; 小山 岳秀*; 山田 陽彦*; 中井 祐介*; 上田 光一*; 水戸 毅*; 北川 健太郎*; 芳賀 芳範

Physical Review B, 103(15), p.155153_1 - 155153_5, 2021/04

 被引用回数:0 パーセンタイル:0(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

SmS, a protopypical intermediate valence compound, has been studied by performing high-pressure nuclear magnetic resonance measurements. The observation of an additional signal at high pressure gives evidence of a magnetic phase transition. The cancellation of the hyperfined fields at the S site suggests a type-II antiferromagnetic structure.

論文

Chirality memory stored in magnetic domain walls in the ferromagnetic state of MnP

Jiang, N.*; 新居 陽一*; 有沢 洋希*; 齊藤 英治; 大江 純一郎*; 小野瀬 佳文*

Physical Review Letters, 126(17), p.177205_1 - 177205_5, 2021/04

 被引用回数:2 パーセンタイル:50.56(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

Chirality in a helimagnetic structure is determined by the sense of magnetic moment rotation. We found that the chiral information did not disappear even after the phase transition to the high-temperature ferromagnetic phase in a helimagnet MnP. The 2nd harmonic resistivity $$rho^{2mathrm{f}}$$, which reflects the breaking down of mirror symmetry, was found to be almost unchanged after heating the sample above the ferromagnetic transition temperature and cooling it back to the helimagnetic state. The application of a magnetic field along the easy axis in the ferromagnetic state quenched the chirality-induced $$rho^{2mathrm{f}}$$. This indicates that the chirality memory effect originated from the ferromagnetic domain walls.

論文

Development of negative muonium ion source for muon acceleration

北村 遼; Bae, S.*; Choi, S.*; 深尾 祥紀*; 飯沼 裕美*; 石田 勝彦*; 河村 成肇*; Kim, B.*; 近藤 恭弘; 三部 勉*; et al.

Physical Review Accelerators and Beams (Internet), 24(3), p.033403_1 - 033403_9, 2021/03

 被引用回数:1 パーセンタイル:19.67(Physics, Nuclear)

低エネルギーミューオン源としてアルミニウム薄膜標的を用いた負ミューオニウムイオン(Mu$$^{-}$$)源を開発した。Mu$$^{-}$$イオン源の性能評価のためMu-イオンを生成する実験を行った。Mu$$^{-}$$イオンの測定強度は入射ミューオン強度$$1.3times10^{6}$$/sに対して$$(1.7 pm 0.3) times 10^{-3}$$ Mu$$^{-}$$/sであった。アルミニウム標的上での入射ミューオンに対するMu$$^{-}$$イオンの比である生成効率は$$(1.1 pm 0.2(textrm{stat.})^{-0.0}_{+0.1}(textrm{syst.})) times10^{-6}$$であった。このMu$$^{-}$$イオン源はミューオン加速器の開発を促し、比較的簡便な装置による低エネルギーミューオン源の実用性を実証した。

論文

Electric current control of spin helicity in an itinerant helimagnet

Jiang, N.*; 新居 陽一*; 有沢 洋希*; 齊藤 英治; 小野瀬 佳文*

Nature Communications (Internet), 11, p.1601_1 - 1601_6, 2020/03

 被引用回数:21 パーセンタイル:86.19(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

A helimagnet is a chiral magnet in which the direction of the magnetic moment spatially rotates in a plane perpendicular to the propagation vector. The sense of the rotation known as spin helicity is a robust degree of freedom of matter and may provide a new concept of magnetic memory if it can be electrically controlled and detected. Here we show that the helicity can be controlled by magnetic fields and electric currents in an itinerant helimagnet MnP. Second-harmonic resistivity measurements allow us to read out the controlled helicity. In contract to an insulating multiferroic magnet, in which spin rotation was shown to be controllable by an electric field, we achieve helicity manipulation by using an electric current in the conducting helimagnet. The controllability of the spin helicity may pave the way to new method of realizing magnetic memories based on the spin internal degrees of freedom.

論文

Negative muonium ion production with a C12A7 electride film

大谷 将士*; 深尾 祥紀*; 二ツ川 健太*; 河村 成肇*; 的場 史朗*; 三部 勉*; 三宅 康博*; 下村 浩一郎*; 山崎 高幸*; 長谷川 和男; et al.

Journal of Physics; Conference Series, 1350, p.012067_1 - 012067_6, 2019/12

 被引用回数:2 パーセンタイル:73.65

負ミューオニウムはそのユニークな性質から様々な科学の分野で応用される可能性がある。1980年代に真空中で初めて生成されて以来、仕事関数の低い物質を用いて負ミューオニウム生成効率を高めることが議論されてきた。アルミナセメントの構成物質であるC12A7は良く知られた絶縁体であるが、電子をドープすることで導体として振舞うことが近年発見された。このC12A7エレクトライドは2.9eVという比較的低い仕事関数を持ち、負イオン生成効率を示すと期待されている。本論文では、従来用いていたアルミニウム、C12A7エレクトライド、さらにステンレスターゲット用いた負ミューオニウムイオン生成効率の比較について述べる。測定された生成率は10$$^{-3}$$/sであり、現状セットアップではエレクトライドにおいても大きな生成率向上は確認されず、表面状態をより注意深く整える必要であることが推定される。また、生成された負ミューオニウムの平均エネルギーに材質依存はなく、0.2$$pm$$0.1keVであった。

論文

New precise measurements of muonium hyperfine structure at J-PARC MUSE

Strasser, P.*; 阿部 充志*; 青木 正治*; Choi, S.*; 深尾 祥紀*; 東 芳隆*; 樋口 嵩*; 飯沼 裕美*; 池戸 豊*; 石田 勝彦*; et al.

EPJ Web of Conferences, 198, p.00003_1 - 00003_8, 2019/01

 被引用回数:13 パーセンタイル:99.28

High precision measurements of the ground state hyperfine structure (HFS) of muonium is a stringent tool for testing bound-state quantum electrodynamics (QED) theory, determining fundamental constants of the muon magnetic moment and mass, and searches for new physics. Muonium is the most suitable system to test QED because both theoretical and experimental values can be precisely determined. Previous measurements were performed decades ago at LAMPF with uncertainties mostly dominated by statistical errors. At the J-PARC Muon Science Facility (MUSE), the MuSEUM collaboration is planning complementary measurements of muonium HFS both at zero and high magnetic field. The new high-intensity muon beam that will soon be available at H-Line will provide an opportunity to improve the precision of these measurements by one order of magnitude. An overview of the different aspects of these new muonium HFS measurements, the current status of the preparation for high-field measurements, and the latest results at zero field are presented.

論文

Manifestation of electron correlation effect in 5$$f$$ states of uranium compounds revealed by 4$$d$$-5$$f$$ resonant photoelectron spectroscopy

藤森 伸一; 小畠 雅明; 竹田 幸治; 岡根 哲夫; 斎藤 祐児; 藤森 淳; 山上 浩志; 芳賀 芳範; 山本 悦嗣; 大貫 惇睦*

Physical Review B, 99(3), p.035109_1 - 035109_5, 2019/01

 被引用回数:9 パーセンタイル:53.77(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

In the present study, we have elucidated the nature of the electron correlation effect in uranium compounds by imaging the partial $$mathrm{U}~5f$$ density of states (pDOS) of typical itinerant, localized, and heavy fermion uranium compounds by using the $$mathrm{U}$$ 4$$d$$-5$$f$$ resonant photoemission spectroscopy. Obtained $$mathrm{U}~5$$ pDOS exhibit a systematic trend depending on the physical properties of compounds: Although the coherent peak at the Fermi level can be explained by the band-structure calculation, an incoherent peak emerges on the higher binding energy side ($$lesssim 1~mathrm{eV}$$) in the cases of localized and heavy fermion compounds. The intensity and energy position of the incoherent peak is increased and shifted to a higher binding energy as the localization of the $$mathrm{U}~5$$ state increases. These behaviors are consistent with the prediction of the Mott metal-insulator transition, suggesting that the Hubbard-$$U$$ type mechanism takes an essential role in the $$5f$$ electronic structure of actinide materials.

論文

Electronic structure of URu$$_2$$Si$$_2$$ studied by photoelectron spectroscopy (INVITED)

藤森 伸一; 竹田 幸治; 岡根 哲夫; 斎藤 祐児; 藤森 淳; 山上 浩志; 芳賀 芳範; 山本 悦嗣; 大貫 惇睦*

Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology (Internet), 5, p.82 - 85, 2018/11

One of the most remarkable properties of actinide compounds is the coexistence of superconductivity and magnetic ordering which has been realized in several strongly-correlated uranium based compounds. In these compounds, both superconductivity and magnetic ordering originate from U 5f states. To understand the origin of the coexistence as well as the mechanism of the superconductivity, it is essential to reveal their U 5f electronic structures. In this presentation, the U 5f electronic structures of heavy Fermion superconductors UPd$$_2$$Al$$_3$$ and URu$$_2$$Si$$_2$$ studied by photoelectron spectroscopy using soft X-rays from SPring-8 BL23SU are presented. For UPd$$_2$$Al$$_3$$, U 4d-5f resonant photoemission experiment was performed, and its partial U 5f spectrum was revealed experimentally. Furthermore, we have applied the three-dimentional ARPES to the hidden order compound URu$$_2$$Si$$_2$$, and revealed its complete 3D electronic structure in the paramagnetic phase. Their electronic structures are discussed based on these results.

論文

Soft X-ray magnetic circular dichroism study on UGe$$_{2}$$

竹田 幸治; 岡根 哲夫; 斎藤 祐児; 山上 浩志; 山本 悦嗣; 芳賀 芳範

Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology (Internet), 5, p.171 - 174, 2018/11

In order to investigate the electronic and magnetic states of UGe$$_{2}$$ element-specifically, we have performed soft X-ray magnetic circular dichroism experiments at the U N$$_{4,5}$$ and Ge L$$_{2,3}$$ absorption edges. We have detected the XMCD signals at both the U and Ge sites and observed clear hysteresis loops in the ferromagnetic (FM) state at T = 5.5 K. From the branching ratio B, it is found that the occupation number of 5f electrons (n$$^{5f}$$) in UGe$$_{2}$$ is close to 3. In addition, applying the magneto-optical sum rules analysis to the XMCD spectrum at the U N$$_{4,5}$$ edges, the ratio of orbital magnetic moment to the spin magnetic moment (-M$$_{L}$$/M$$_{S}$$) is estimated to be 2.17. These values of B and -M$$_{L}$$/M$$_{S}$$ are comparable compared with the results of other FM superconductors: URhGe and UCoGe

論文

Muon profile measurement after acceleration with a radio-frequency quadrupole linac

大谷 将士*; 須江 祐貴*; 深尾 祥紀*; 二ツ川 健太*; 河村 成肇*; 三部 勉*; 三宅 康博*; 下村 浩一郎*; 山崎 高幸*; 飯嶋 徹*; et al.

Journal of Physics; Conference Series, 1067(5), p.052012_1 - 052012_7, 2018/09

 被引用回数:1 パーセンタイル:47.41

RFQによって加速されたミューオンのプロファイル測定を行った。正ミューオンをアルミデグレータに入射し、負ミューオニウムを生成する。加速された負ミューオニウムはMCPとCCDカメラで構成されるプロファイルモニタに輸送される。測定された垂直方向のプロファイルはシミュレーションとよく一致した。このプロファイル測定はJ-PARCにおけるミューオン異常磁気モーメント測定への重要な一里塚となる。

論文

負ミューオニウムを用いたミューオンRF加速実証試験

北村 遼*; 大谷 将士*; 深尾 祥紀*; 二ツ川 健太*; 河村 成肇*; 三部 勉*; 三宅 康博*; 山崎 高幸*; 近藤 恭弘; 長谷川 和男; et al.

Proceedings of 15th Annual Meeting of Particle Accelerator Society of Japan (インターネット), p.239 - 243, 2018/08

J-PARCで計画されているミューオンg-2/EDM精密測定実験では、横方向運動量分散と縦方向運動量の比が$$10^-5$$以下の極冷ミューオンビームを用いることで、先行実験とは異なる手法により高精度な測定を実現する。この極冷ミューオンは、陽子ビームから生成した4MeVの表面ミューオンを25meVの超低速ミューオンにまで冷却した後、線形加速器で212MeVまで再加速することで得られる。ミューオン線形加速器の実現に向けて、RFQを用いたミューオンRF加速の実証試験を行った。超低速ミューオンの生成にはイオン解離レーザーなど大型設備を要するため、加速実証実験では簡易的な冷却手法として、ミューオンをアルミ薄膜標的に照射することで負ミューオニウム($$mu$$$$^{-}$$, $$mu$$$$^{+}$$e$$^{-}$$e$$^{-}$$)へと変換して2keV以下にまで冷却した。生成したMu$$^{-}$$はRFQの入射エネルギー5.6keVまで静電加速された後、RFQで最終的に90keVまでRF加速される。加速されたMu$$^{-}$$は偏向電磁石で運動量と極性を選別し、さらにMCPを用いたTOF測定により粒子同定した。本講演では世界初となるミューオンRF加速実証試験の結果について、予備実験として実施した負ミューオニウム生成実験の成果も交えて報告する。

論文

Phase-transition kinetics of magnetic skyrmions investigated by stroboscopic small-angle neutron scattering

中島 多朗*; 稲村 泰弘; 伊藤 崇芳*; 大石 一城*; 大池 広志*; 賀川 史敬*; 吉川 明子*; 田口 康二郎*; 加倉井 和久*; 十倉 好紀*; et al.

Physical Review B, 98(1), p.014424_1 - 014424_5, 2018/07

 被引用回数:5 パーセンタイル:34.98(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

MnSi中に発生する磁気スキルミオンの相転移の挙動を中性子小角散乱ストロボスコピック測定により観測した。温度を50K/秒という速度で急激に変化させている間に13マイクロ秒の時間分解能で中性子小角散乱パターンの時間変化を測定することに成功し、その結果、温度の上昇によって磁気スキルミオンが消滅する様子や、急速な冷却過程で生成されたスキルミオンが本来存在できない低温まで過冷却状態で残る様子などが明らかとなった。

論文

Result of the first muon acceleration with radio frequency quadrupole

北村 遼*; 大谷 将士*; 深尾 祥紀*; 二ツ川 健太*; 河村 成肇*; 三部 勉*; 三宅 康博*; 山崎 高幸*; 近藤 恭弘; 長谷川 和男; et al.

Proceedings of 9th International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC '18) (Internet), p.1190 - 1193, 2018/06

RF加速器によるミューオン加速はミューオン異常磁気モーメントの精密測定を可能とする。RFQによる初めてのミューオン加速が実証された。3MeVの入射正ミューオンから2keV以下の負ミューオニウムが生成され、静電加速器によって5.6keVまで、RFQによって90keVまで加速される。加速された負ミューオニウムは診断ビームラインで選択され、飛行時間測定によって同定される。本論文では、このミューオン加速実験の結果を述べる。

論文

First muon acceleration using a radio-frequency accelerator

Bae, S.*; Choi, H.*; Choi, S.*; 深尾 祥紀*; 二ツ川 健太*; 長谷川 和男; 飯嶋 徹*; 飯沼 裕美*; 石田 勝彦*; 河村 成肇*; et al.

Physical Review Accelerators and Beams (Internet), 21(5), p.050101_1 - 050101_6, 2018/05

 被引用回数:15 パーセンタイル:78.31(Physics, Nuclear)

ミューオンがRF加速器によって初めて加速された。正ミューオンと電子の束縛状態である負ミューオニウムをアルミ標的中での電子獲得反応によって生成し、静電加速器により初期加速する。それを高周波四重極加速空洞(RFQ)によって89keVまで加速した。加速された負ミューオニウムは、偏向電磁石による運動量の測定と飛行時間により同定された。このコンパクトなミューオン加速器は、素粒子物理や物性物理などのミューオン加速器の様々な応用への第一歩である。

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