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論文

The Effects of ion beam irradiation on variation in the M$$_{1}$$ generation of two strains of ${{it Delphinium grandiflorum}}$ var. ${{it chinense}}$

本多 和茂*; 種市 周平*; 前田 智雄*; 後藤 聡*; 鹿内 靖浩*; 佐々木 和也*; 野澤 樹; 長谷 純宏

JAEA-Review 2015-022, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2014, P. 107, 2016/02

シネンシス系デルフィニウム品種の種子にイオンビームを照射し、照射強度、倍数性の違いが照射当代の変異出現におよぼす影響についての基礎的な知見を得るための調査を行った。今回照射を行なった条件では実生個体の生存率の低下は見られなかったが、調査を行った一部の形質において照射強度、倍数性の違いによる差が観察された。また、種子稔性の低下は生じず、照射個体に由来する次世代の種子を多く得ることができた。

論文

イオンビーム育種技術による植物・微生物のセシウム吸収特性の改変

大野 豊; 長谷 純宏; 佐藤 勝也; 野澤 樹; 鳴海 一成*

放射線と産業, (138), p.17 - 20, 2015/06

イオンビーム育種技術は、近年植物や微生物の改変に活発に利用され、有用品種の作出に成果をあげている。東京電力福島第一原子力発電所の事故対応のためにイオンビーム育種でなにができるのか。日本原子力研究開発機構量子ビーム応用センターでは、高崎量子応用研究所のサイクロトロンを利用し、セシウム高・低吸収植物やセシウム高濃縮菌の開発に取り組み、変異体の候補を得ることに成功した。

論文

炭素イオンビーム照射が青森県在来の毛豆の形質に及ぼす影響

川崎 通夫*; 桔梗 翔梧*; 野澤 樹; 秋田 祐介*; 長谷 純宏; 鳴海 一成*

日本作物学会東北支部会報, (57), p.61 - 62, 2014/12

毛豆は青森県在来のエダマメ・ダイズであり、津軽地方を中心に古くから栽培されている。現在、青森県内では毛豆を地域資源として利活用し、地域振興に役立てる活動が行われている。毛豆のエダマメとしての収穫時期は9月中旬であることから、国内のエダマメ需要最盛期である8月上$$sim$$中旬に出荷できない。$$gamma$$線を用いた突然変異育種により早生化したエダマメ品種が育成されている例があるように、毛豆由来の新たな有用品種を育成することは青森県の地域振興に資すると考えられる。近年、イオンビームが様々な植物種に適応されているが、エダマメ・ダイズについては知見が少ない。そこで、炭素イオンビーム照射が毛豆の形質に及ぼす影響について検討した。種子に320MeV炭素イオンビームを0$$sim$$16Gy照射した。発芽率、生存率及び草丈は照射線量に応じて低下した。形態異常を示す個体の出現率は照射線量に応じて増加した。形態異常の1つとして、ねじれた葉柄の横断切片を観察した結果、髄部中央に間隙が発達して歪みが生じていることが確認された。

論文

Ion beam breeding of rice for the mutation breeding project of the Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia (FNCA)

田中 淳; 野澤 樹; 長谷 純宏; 鳴海 一成*; 石川 秀高*; 小池 亜紀*

JAEA-Review 2013-059, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2012, P. 103, 2014/03

Ion beams have been utilized for the Sub-Project on Composition or Quality in Rice (FY 2007 - 2012) under the Mutation Breeding Project of the Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia (FNCA). The aims of this project are to increase food production and to improve food quality in Asia by developing new rice mutant varieties. Seven participating countries, i.e., Bangladesh, China, Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, The Philippines, and Vietnam joined this project and irradiated seeds of their own rice varieties with ion beams. So far, most of the participating countries completed to decide the optimal dose for mutation induction for each rice variety and harvested offspring. In several countries, useful mutant candidates such as high yield, early maturation, disease or salt tolerant and semi-dwarf have been obtained. These results indicated that ion beams showed great performance in improving the agronomic traits.

論文

Determination of the carbon ion beam irradiation condition for barley

飯牟礼 隆*; 保木 健宏*; 長谷 純宏; 野澤 樹; 鳴海 一成*; 木原 誠*; 大串 憲祐*

JAEA-Review 2013-059, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2012, P. 109, 2014/03

To determine ideal condition of ion beam irradiation for barley grain, carbon ion beams with the LET (Linear Energy Transfer) of 127 (C-127) and 275 (C-275) KeV/$$mu$$m, were applied and the variation of the germination rate, initial plant growth, the survival rate by cultivars and by irradiation doses was observed. As a result, no difference was observed among six cultivars tested and the survival rates were gradually decreased as to the irradiation doses. It was suggested from the relationship between the irradiation doses and the survival rate that the ideal irradiation doses at which the survival rate was around 80% were 10 Gy and 4 Gy for C-127 and C-275 irradiation, respectively.

論文

Molecular analysis of heavy ion induced mutations in budding yeast ${it S. cerevisiae}$

松尾 陽一郎*; 泉 佳伸*; 長谷 純宏; 坂本 綾子; 野澤 樹; 鳴海 一成*; 清水 喜久雄*

JAEA-Review 2013-059, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2012, P. 112, 2014/03

To investigate the nature of mutations induced by accelerated ions in eukaryotic cells, the effects of carbon-ion irradiation were compared with those of $$gamma$$-ray irradiation in the budding yeast ${it Saccharomyces cerevisiae}$. Previous studies suggested that the mutation sites induced by carbon ions were localized near the linker regions of nucleosomes, whereas mutations induced by $$gamma$$ rays were located uniformly throughout the gene. We hypothesized that the locus of mutations might be related to the nucleosome structure. To confirm this hypothesis, we examined the mutation spectrum in the ${it URA3}$ gene with the altered nucleosome structure. It is likely that sites of mutations occurred in the ${it URA3}$ with altered nucleosome structure is inconsistent with those in the wild type. We will further accumulate the data to examine the above hypothesis.

論文

Mutational effects of carbon ions near the range end in Arabidopsis

長谷 純宏; 野澤 樹; 鳴海 一成*

JAEA-Review 2013-059, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2012, P. 105, 2014/03

Little is known about the mutational effects of ion beams near the range end, especially in plants. We analyzed the mutations occurred in the Arabidopsis ${it GL1}$ gene with the emphasis on large deletions. The frequency of glabrous mutant sectors, which is caused by inactivation of ${it GL1}$ gene, was not significantly different between the carbon ions near the range end (mean LET: 425 keV/$$mu$$m, C (425)) and 208 MeV Carbon ions (113 keV/$$mu$$m, C (113)), while the C (425) induced large deletions ($$>$$ $$sim$$5 kb) more frequently by 6 times than C (113). These results suggested that the frequency of large deletions is affected by LET. Mutations that have deletion in either one or both of the nearest DNA markers (3.9 kb upstream and 2.8 kb downstream of ${it GL1}$gene) were further examined to evaluate the total size of deletions. The most of the deletions were larger than 200 kb and the largest deletion was estimated to be more than several Mb. Similar results were obtained in the case of neon ions with a mean LET of 352 keV/$$mu$$m. These results suggest that deletions larger than 200 kb are often induced by the ion beams with a LET higher than 100 keV/$$mu$$m.

論文

Development of ion beam breeding technology in plants and creation of useful plant resources

長谷 純宏; 野澤 樹; 浅見 逸夫*; 田之頭 優樹*; 松尾 洋一*; 金澤 章*; 本多 和茂*; 鳴海 一成*

JAEA-Review 2013-059, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2012, P. 102, 2014/03

This study is aimed to develop ion beam breeding technology and useful plant resources. In the cooperative research with Aichi prefecture, 4 lines of chrysanthemum mutant, which have characteristic petals in a whole part of the flower head, were obtained from about 1,500 regenerated plants. The trial growing of one of the mutant lines was received well and further characterization will be performed. We also focus on improvement of trees and functional ingredients in crops because little knowledge has been accumulated in this area. We are developing the ion beam breeding technology in Citrus plants as a model for trees. The cut surfaces of hypocotyls were exposed to carbon ions and the regenerated plants were grown. There was a large difference in radiation sensitivity among 7 kinds of commercial varieties. The regeneration rate after 10 Gy irradiation was more than 90% in "Kawano-Natsudaidai" but was less than 10% in Trifoliate orange. Mutant plants with shorter internode were successfully obtained in "Imamura-unshu". In the cooperative research with Hokkaido University, soybean mutants with altered ingredients, such as isoflavones, proteins, fatty acids and starch, were obtained.

論文

Generating new chrysanthemum plant varieties using ion beams

Zaiton, A.*; Affrida, A. H.*; Shakinah, S.*; Nurul Hidayah, M.*; 野澤 樹*; 鳴海 一成*; 長谷 純宏; 大野 豊

JAEA-Review 2013-059, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2012, P. 104, 2014/03

Chrysanthemum is among the most important cut flowers in Malaysia especially for export market. The main problem for chrysanthemum in Malaysia is the lack of new varieties to meet the ever-changing customer demands. To generate new chrysanthemum plant varieties using ion beams, this report discusses irradiation experiments for nodal cultures of chrysanthemum Pink variety. ${it In vitro}$ stems were cut into single nodes (0.5 cm in length) and cultured approximately 5 days before irradiation. Data on the survival of cultures, regenerated shoot height and number of leaves were taken 8 weeks after irradiation. The results suggested that the sensitivity of nodes to ion beam irradiation is similar to that of their ray floret counterparts examined last year.

論文

${it Arabidopsis sos1}$ mutant in a salt-tolerant accession revealed an importance of salt acclimation ability in plant salt tolerance

有賀 裕剛*; 香取 拓*; 吉原 亮平*; 長谷 純宏; 野澤 樹; 鳴海 一成; 井内 聖*; 小林 正智*; 手塚 健二*; 坂田 洋一*; et al.

Plant Signaling & Behavior (Internet), 8(7), p.e24779_1 - e24779_5, 2013/07

シロイヌナズナの354系統の中には、NaCl濃度を0mMから225mmに急激に変化させる試験において、対照となるCol-0系統に比べて高い耐塩性を示す系統がある。また、Zu-Oを含む数系統では、中程度の塩ストレスに暴露された後に高い耐塩性が誘導される。したがって、シロイヌナズナは塩ショックに対する耐性と塩馴化による耐性の少なくとも2種類の耐性機構を有すると思われる。シロイヌナズナの耐塩性系統の耐性メカニズムを明らかにするため、われわれはイオンビームで変異処理したZu-0の実生から塩感受性の変異体を単離した。この変異体は、SOS1遺伝子の1塩基欠失によって塩ショックストレス下で著しい生育抑制を示し、Col-0よりも塩に感受性である。しかし、この変異体はZu-0と同様に、100mMのNaClに7日間暴露した後に750mMのソルビトールに20日間暴露した後も生育することができるが、Col-0は同条件において明らかな白化を示した。したがって、塩馴化に必要な遺伝子は塩ショック耐性に必要な遺伝子とは異なり、塩や浸透圧耐性の獲得に重要な役割を果たしていると考えられる。

論文

Photoperiod-insensitive mutants with shorter plant height identified in the M1 generation of rice irradiated with carbon ion beams

Azad, M. A. K.*; Mazumdar, M. N. N.*; Chaki, A. K.*; Ali, M.*; Hakim, M. L.*; Mamun, A. N. K.*; 長谷 純宏; 野澤 樹; 田中 淳; 小池 亜紀*; et al.

SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics, 45(2), p.179 - 186, 2013/06

短日植物であるイネは、短日条件に応答して出穂する。バングラデシュの在来品種Ashfalは、高い耐塩性及び冠水耐性を持つことから100年以上に渡って栽培されてきたが、光感受性が高いため、バングラデシュでの3つの作期のうち、長日条件にあたるboro期では出穂しないため栽培ができない。また、短日条件にあたるaman期においても草丈が高いために倒伏することがある。そこで、Ashfalへの炭素イオン照射によって光非感受性並びに矮性系統の作出を試みた。照射当代(M1)植物をboro期で栽培した結果、親品種のAshfalは全く出穂しなかったが、照射した計1,500粒の種子に由来する9個体が出穂した。このうち、草丈が低い3個体は稔性があり、次世代(M2)種子が得られた。これらの変異系統の形質を確認するため、M2種子をaman期で栽培した結果、Ashfalに比べて出穂が早いこと並びに草丈が低いことが確認され、また、遺伝的な分離は見られなかった。さらにM2植物から得たM3種子をboro期で栽培した結果、親品種のAshfalは全く出穂しなかったが、変異系統は出穂することが確認された。以上の結果から、炭素イオン照射によってM1世代で遺伝的に固定された光非感受性変異体が得られたことが示唆された。これらの変異系統は草丈も低いことから実用的価値も高いと考えられる。

論文

Mutational effects of $$gamma$$-rays and carbon ion beams in ${it Arabidopsis}$ seedlings

吉原 亮平*; 野澤 樹; 長谷 純宏; 鳴海 一成; 日出間 純*; 坂本 綾子

Journal of Radiation Research, 54(6), p.1050 - 1056, 2013/05

 被引用回数:22 パーセンタイル:65.04(Biology)

To assess the mutational effects of radiations in vigorously proliferating plant tissue, mutation spectrum was analyzed with ${it Arabidopsis}$ seedlings via plasmid rescue method. Transgenic plants containing ${it Escherichia coli rpsL}$ gene were irradiated with $$gamma$$-rays and carbon ion beams (320 MeV $$^{12}$$C$$^{6+}$$), and mutations in the ${it rpsL}$ gene were analyzed. Mutant frequency was significantly increased by $$gamma$$-rays, but not by 320 MeV $$^{12}$$C$$^{6+}$$. Mutation spectrum showed that both radiations increased the frequency of frameshifts and other mutations including deletion/insertion but that only $$gamma$$-rays increased the frequency of total base substitutions. These results suggest that the type of DNA lesions which cause base substitutions were less induced by 320 MeV $$^{12}$$C$$^{6+}$$ than by $$gamma$$-rays in ${it Arabidopsis}$ seedlings. $$gamma$$-rays never increased the frequencies of G:C to T:A and A:T to C:G transversions, which are caused by oxidized guanine, though 320 MeV $$^{12}$$C$$^{6+}$$ slightly increase the both transversions. Instead, $$gamma$$-rays significantly increased the frequency of G:C to A:T transition. These results suggest that 8-oxoguanine has little effect on mutagenesis in ${it Arabidopsis}$ cells.

論文

Development of ion beam breeding technology in plants and creation of useful plant resources

長谷 純宏; 野澤 樹; 岡田 智行*; 浅見 逸夫*; 長谷 健*; 松尾 洋一*; 金澤 章*; 本多 和茂*; 鳴海 一成

JAEA-Review 2012-046, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2011, P. 95, 2013/01

This study is aimed to develop ion beam breeding technology and useful plant resources. In particular, our current research is focused on the step-wise improvement of traits in flower and ornamental plants. We also focus on improvement of trees and functional ingredients in crops because little knowledge has been accumulated in this area. Here, we describe recent progress made in these studies.

論文

Ion beam irradiation on rice seeds for the Mutation Breeding Project of the Forum of Nuclear Cooperation in Asia (FNCA)

田中 淳; 野澤 樹; 長谷 純宏; 鳴海 一成; 石川 秀高*; 小池 亜紀*

JAEA-Review 2012-046, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2011, P. 96, 2013/01

From 2009, ion beams have been utilized for the Sub-Project on Composition or Quality in Rice (FY 2007-2012) under the Mutation Breeding Project of the Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia (FNCA). This sub-project contributes to increase food production and to improve food quality in Asia, by developing new rice mutant varieties that are more resistant to disease, insects, and drought, or give higher yields and offer higher quality. Eight participant countries, i.e., Bangladesh, China, Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, The Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam joined this project and irradiated seeds of their own rice varieties with ion beams. In FY2011, most of participant countries finished to decide the best doses for mutation induction and have started to harvest descendant plants and mutant screening.

論文

Generating new ornamental plant varieties using ion beams

Zaiton, A.*; Affrida, A. H.*; Shakinah, S.*; 野澤 樹; 鳴海 一成; 長谷 純宏; 大野 豊

JAEA-Review 2012-046, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2011, P. 97, 2013/01

Chrysanthemum is one of the leading cut flowers in Malaysia's cut flower industry. Due to the increasing demand of chrysanthemum cut flower, there is a need for new variety of chrysanthemum in order to compete to the ever-competitive cut flower market. Induced mutation breeding using ionizing radiation is one of the effective methods in plant breeding that resulted in generation of new mutated alleles and most unique feature. Attempt was carried out to apply mutation breeding technique using ion beam radiation to produce new variety of chrysanthemum. A pink variety of ${it Chrysanthemum morifolium}$ was used in this experiment. The experiment will be repeated to determine the accurate optimum irradiation dose for this variety. Meanwhile all shoots regenerated after irradiation are being sub-cultured and will be planted in the nursery.

論文

Mutational effects of carbon ions near the range end and development of an efficient mutagenesis technique using ion beams

長谷 純宏; 吉原 亮平*; 野澤 樹; 鳴海 一成

JAEA-Review 2012-046, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2011, P. 98, 2013/01

The accelerated heavy ions deposit most of their energy close to the end of their range. Little is known about the mutational effects of ion beams near the range end, especially in plants. We analyzed the mutations occurred in the Arabidopsis ${it GL1}$ gene with the emphasis on large deletions. Arabidopsis seeds obtained by crossing the wild type with ${it gl1-1}$ mutant were used as a material. The DNA markers that can distinguish the wild type and ${it gl1-1}$ sequence were used to detect deletions. The carbon ions near the range end induced deletions ($$>$$ 6.7 kb) more frequently by 6 times than 208 MeV carbon ions.

論文

ダリアへのイオンビーム照射による変異体作製

宇山 嘉秀*; 大屋 寛高*; 天野 良紀*; 樫本 晃一*; 羽田野 昌二*; 野澤 樹; 吉原 亮平*; 長谷 純宏; 鳴海 一成

JAEA-Review 2012-046, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2011, P. 102, 2013/01

In order to obtain horticulturally useful mutants of ${it Dahlia}$ spp., tissue-cultured shoots were irradiated with ion beams at TIARA. The shoots were irradiated with carbon ions in the range of doses from 1 to 5 Gy. Irradiated shoots were transplanted to culture vessel for rooting. 247 plants were acclimated and then settle planted in the field. After blooming, we investigated mutants by focusing mainly on flower shape and color. As a result, several flower shape and flower color mutants are obtained even from 1-Gy irradiated shoots. We are planning to obtain more mutants by increasing study population. Thereafter, we will propagate horticulturally useful mutants and investigate the stability of their characteristics.

論文

DNA damage evaluation system of the high-LET ion beam using the polymerase chain reaction

松尾 陽一郎*; 泉 佳伸*; 長谷 純宏; 坂本 綾子; 野澤 樹; 鳴海 一成; 清水 喜久雄*

JAEA-Review 2012-046, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2011, P. 105, 2013/01

We have been studying ion beam-induced mutations in budding yeast S288c (${it RAD}$ $$^{+}$$) as a model of eukaryote cell. We report a new method to evaluate DNA lesions caused by high-LET radiation using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR is one of the most reliable methods for detecting DNA damage as the amplification stops at the site of the damage. In this study, the 804-bp region of ${it URA3}$ gene was amplified by PCR reaction using a specific oligonucleotide primer set. The PCR device adopted was an Eco Real-Time PCR System (Illumina). The percentage of undamaged template DNA was tended to decrease with an increase in absorbed dose of radiation. The higher LET radiations resulted in the higher rate of decrease in undamaged template DNA. This result suggests that different types of lesions are produced on DNA depending on the LET value of radiations.

論文

Mutagenic effects of carbon ions near the range end in plants

長谷 純宏; 吉原 亮平; 野澤 樹; 鳴海 一成

Mutation Research; Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, 731(1-2), p.41 - 47, 2012/03

 被引用回数:33 パーセンタイル:72.21(Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology)

植物におけるイオンビームの変異誘発効果に関する知見を深めるため、飛程末端に近い炭素イオン(平均LET 425keV/$$mu$$m)と種子を透過する炭素イオン(平均LET 113keV/$$mu$$m)の変異効果を比較した。照射した植物体からの大腸菌由来${it rpsL}$遺伝子のプラスミドレスキュー法では、113keV/$$mu$$m炭素イオンでは変異頻度が2.7倍上昇したのに対して、425keV/$$mu$$m炭素イオンでは変異頻度が上昇しなかったことから、飛程末端に近い炭素イオンで誘発される突然変異は、プラスミドレスキューでは検出できないことが示唆された。非相同末端結合修復能を欠損するシロイヌナズナのDNA ligase IV遺伝子の変異体は、両者の炭素イオンに対して野生型よりも高い感受性を示したが、野生型と変異体の感受性の差は425keV/$$mu$$m炭素イオンでは113keV/$$mu$$m炭素イオンに比べて極めて小さいことから、飛程末端に近い炭素イオンは修復困難なDNA損傷を誘発することが示唆された。シロイヌナズナの${it GL1}$遺伝子を利用した変異解析では、無毛変異の形成頻度は両者の炭素イオンで差がなかったが、大規模な欠失変異($$>$$$$sim$$30kb)の頻度は425keV/$$mu$$m炭素イオンが6倍高かったことから、LETが高まるに従って大規模な欠失変異の割合が高まることが示唆された。

論文

Development of ion beam breeding technology in plants and creation of useful plant resources

長谷 純宏; 野澤 樹; 岡田 智行*; 浅見 逸夫*; 長谷 健*; 松尾 洋一*; 金澤 章*; 本多 和茂*; 鳴海 一成

JAEA-Review 2011-043, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2010, P. 100, 2012/01

The purpose of this study is to develop ion beam breeding technology and to create useful plant resources. In particular, our current research is focused on the step-wise improvement of traits in flower and ornamental plants. We also focus on improvement of trees and functional ingredients in crops because little knowledge has been accumulated in this area. Here, we describe recent progress made in these studies.

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