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論文

PANDORA Project for the study of photonuclear reactions below $$A=60$$

民井 淳*; Pellegri, L.*; S$"o$derstr$"o$m, P.-A.*; Allard, D.*; Goriely, S.*; 稲倉 恒法*; Khan, E.*; 木戸 英治*; 木村 真明*; Litvinova, E.*; et al.

European Physical Journal A, 59(9), p.208_1 - 208_21, 2023/09

光核反応は原子核構造の観点からも応用の観点からも重要であるにも関わらず、その反応断面積は未だに不定性が大きい。近年、超高エネルギー宇宙線の起源を探るために、鉄よりも軽い原子核の光核反応断面積を正確に知る必要が指摘されている。この状況を打破するため、原子核物理の実験、理論、宇宙物理の共同研究となるPANDORAプロジェクトが始まった。本論文はその計画の概要をまとめたものである。原子核実験ではRCNP、iThembaによる仮想光子実験とELI-NPによる実光子実験などが計画されている。原子核理論では、乱雑位相近似計算、相対論的平均場理論、反対称化分子動力学、大規模殻模型計算などが計画されている。これらで得られた信頼性の高い光核反応データベースと宇宙線伝搬コードを組み合わせ、超高エネルギー宇宙線の起源の解明に挑む。

論文

Magnetic properties and electronic configurations of Mn ions in the diluted magnetic semiconductor Ba$$_{1-x}$$K$$_x$$(Zn$$_{1-y}$$Mn$$_y$$)$$_2$$As$$_2$$ studied by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering

鈴木 博人*; Zhao, G.*; 岡本 淳*; 坂本 祥哉*; Chen, Z.-Y.*; 野中 洋亮*; 芝田 悟朗; Zhao, K.*; Chen, B.*; Wu, W.-B.*; et al.

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 91(6), p.064710_1 - 064710_5, 2022/06

 被引用回数:0 パーセンタイル:0(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

The magnetic properties and the electronic excitations of the new diluted magnetic semiconductor Ba$$_{1-x}$$K$$_x$$(Zn$$_{1-y}$$Mn$$_y$$)$$_2$$As$$_2$$ have been studied by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS). The sum rule analysis of the XMCD spectra indicates that the Mn atoms are in the high-spin configurations of $$d^5$$, whereas the presence of competing ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions between the Mn ions reduces the net spin moment. Based on a comparison of the RIXS line shapes with those of Ga$$_{1-x}$$Mn$$_x$$As, it is concluded that the ground state of Mn in Ba$$_{1-x}$$K$$_x$$(Zn$$_{1-y}$$Mn$$_y$$)$$_2$$As$$_2$$ consists of both the $$3d^5 underline{L}$$ and $$3d^5$$ electron configurations.

論文

Nanoscopic structure of borosilicate glass with additives for nuclear waste vitrification

元川 竜平; 金子 耕士; 大場 洋次郎; 永井 崇之; 岡本 芳浩; 小林 大志*; 熊田 高之; Heller, W. T.*

Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 578, p.121352_1 - 121352_7, 2022/02

 被引用回数:3 パーセンタイル:23.99(Materials Science, Ceramics)

We investigated the nanoscopic structure of borosilicate glasses as a host for high-level radioactive liquid waste (HLLW) in the presence of the additives Na$$_{2}$$O and CaO/ZnO with and without Li$$_{2}$$O. These additives have been practically used to lower the glass melting point, suppress the macroscopic phase separation, and increase the chemical durability of glasses. Small-angle neutron scattering was used to elucidate the effect of the additives on the nanoscopic structure along with macro- and atomic-scale observations obtained using neutron imaging and X-ray diffraction, respectively. The borosilicate glass formed a microphase-separated structure of SiO$$_{2}$$- and B$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$-rich domains approximately 100 nm in size in the absence of Na$$_{2}$$O, even in a structure homogeneous on a millimeter scale, and the domain spacing decreased with increasing Na$$_{2}$$O content rate. The CaO/ZnO additives induced inhomogeneities, such as void structures several nanometers in size, although the inhomogeneity was suppressed by the coaddition of Li$$_{2}$$O. These results provide insights into the performance of host glasses for HLLW vitrification; incorporating HLLW into glasses is likely to cause changes in the nanoscopic structure of host glasses similar to those revealed here.

論文

FCC metal-like deformation behaviour of Ir$$_3$$Nb with the L1$$_2$$ structure

岡本 範彦*; 竹本 昌平*; Chen, Z. M. T.*; 山口 正剛; 乾 晴行*

International Journal of Plasticity, 97, p.145 - 158, 2017/10

 被引用回数:10 パーセンタイル:50.15(Engineering, Mechanical)

The deformation behaviour of Ir$$_3$$Nb with stoichiometric and off-stoichiometric compositions has been investigated as functions of crystal orientation and deformation temperature. The critical resolved shear stress (CRSS) for (111)[$$overline{1}$$01] slip in stoichiometric Ir$$_3$$Nb exhibits a marginal temperature dependence at all temperatures with neither strong negative temperature dependence at low temperatures nor positive (anomalous) temperature dependence at high temperatures. The CRSS for (111)[$$overline{1}$$01] slip exhibits orientation dependence, neither. The [$$overline{1}$$01] dislocation dissociates into the anti-phase boundary (APB)-type scheme and is observed to be smoothly curved on the (111) slip plane at all temperatures, indicating the planar core structure. This is exactly what is known for the perfect dislocation in many pure FCC metals and is the reason for the observed FCC metal-like deformation behaviour of Ir$$_3$$Nb. The absence of yield stress anomaly in Ir$$_3$$Nb is discussed in terms of anisotropy in planar fault energies and elastic constants calculated by first principles calculations and experimentally determined in the present study.

論文

Spin-current probe for phase transition in an insulator

Qiu, Z.*; Li, J.*; Hou, D.*; Arenholz, E.*; N'Diaye, A. T.*; Tan, A.*; 内田 健一*; 佐藤 浩司*; 岡本 聡*; Tserkovnyak, Y.*; et al.

Nature Communications (Internet), 7, p.12670_1 - 12670_6, 2016/08

 被引用回数:137 パーセンタイル:97.13(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

Spin fluctuation and transition have always been one of the central topics of magnetism and condensed matter science. Experimentally, the spin fluctuation is found transcribed onto scattering intensity in the neutron-scattering process, which is represented by dynamical magnetic susceptibility and maximized at phase transitions. Importantly, a neutron carries spin without electric charge, and therefore it can bring spin into a sample without being disturbed by electric energy. However, large facilities such as a nuclear reactor are necessary. Here we show that spin pumping, frequently used in nanoscale spintronic devices, provides a desktop microprobe for spin transition; spin current is a flux of spin without an electric charge and its transport reflects spin excitation. We demonstrate detection of antiferromagnetic transition in ultra-thin CoO films via frequency-dependent spin-current transmission measurements, which provides a versatile probe for phase transition in an electric manner in minute devices.

論文

Electric control of the spin Hall effect by intervalley transitions

岡本 尚也*; 紅林 秀和*; Trypiniotis, T.*; Farrer, I.*; Ritchie, D. A.*; 齊藤 英治; Sinova, J.*; Ma$v{s}$ek, J.*; Jungwirth, T.*; Barnes, C.*

Nature Materials, 13(10), p.932 - 937, 2014/10

 被引用回数:46 パーセンタイル:85.38(Chemistry, Physical)

Controlling spin-related material properties by electronic means is a key step towards future spintronic technologies. The spin Hall effect has become increasingly important for generating, detecting and using spin currents, but its strength-quantified in terms of the SHE angle-is ultimately fixed by the magnitude of the spin-orbit coupling present for any given material system. However, if the electrons generating the SHE can be controlled by populating different areas of the electronic structure with different SOC characteristic the SHE angle can be tuned directly within a single sample. Here we report the manipulation of the SHE in bulk GaAs at room temperature by means of an electrical intervalley transition induced in the conduction band. The spin Hall angle was determined by measuring an electromotive force driven by photoexcited spin-polarized electrons drifting through GaAs Hall bars. By controlling electron populations in different valleys, we manipulated the angle from 0.0005 to 0.02. This change by a factor of 40 is unprecedented in GaAs and the highest value achieved is comparable to that of the heavy metal Pt.

論文

Measurements of electron-induced neutrons as a tool for determination of electron temperature of fast electrons in the task of optimization laser-produced plasma ions acceleration

榊 泰直; 西内 満美子; 前田 祥太; 匂坂 明人; Pirozhkov, A. S.; Pikuz, T.; Faenov, A.*; 小倉 浩一; 深見 智代; 松川 兼也*; et al.

Review of Scientific Instruments, 85(2), p.02A705_1 - 02A705_4, 2014/02

 被引用回数:2 パーセンタイル:11.31(Instruments & Instrumentation)

高強度レーザーとプラズマの相互作用によるイオン発生において、電子特性の計測は不可欠である。そのため、様々な計測手法が提案されているが、今回我々は、光核中性子反応による中性子を計測することで、精度よく電子特性の計測を行う新規性の高い手法を提案する。この手法は、イオン加速エネルギー計測と共にピークパワー1$$times$$10$$^{21}$$W/cm$$^{2}$$のJ-KARENレーザーによって実証された。イオン加速エネルギーと本手法による計測結果は極めて相関をもつことがわかり、改良を重ねて行けば非常に良い計測器になり得ることがわかった。

論文

Magnetic field effect on Fe-induced short-range magnetic correlation and electrical conductivity in Bi$$_{1.75}$$Pb$$_{0.35}$$Sr$$_{1.90}$$Cu$$_{0.91}$$Fe$$_{0.09}$$O$$_{6+y}$$

脇本 秀一; 平賀 晴弘*; 工藤 一貴*; 岡本 大地*; 西崎 輝一*; 加倉井 和久; Hong, T.*; Zheludev, A.*; Tranquada, J. M.*; 小林 典男*; et al.

Physical Review B, 82(6), p.064507_1 - 064507_7, 2010/08

 被引用回数:7 パーセンタイル:34.2(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

銅酸化物高温超伝導体にホールを過剰にドープされた系であり、かつ鉄磁性不純物をドープしたBi$$_{1.75}$$Pb$$_{0.35}$$Sr$$_{1.90}$$Cu$$_{0.91}$$Fe$$_{0.09}$$O$$_{6+y}$$における鉄誘起短距離磁気相関と電気抵抗の磁場依存性を調べた。その結果、電気抵抗は低温でlog(1/T)の依存性を示し、磁場中では負の電気磁気効果を示した。また短距離磁気相関は磁場により弱められる傾向を示した。これらの結果から、この系における鉄磁性不純物は金属中の希釈スピン系として振る舞い、近藤効果を示し、短距離磁気相関はRKKY相互作用からくることを明らかにした。このような遍歴スピンの振る舞いは低ホール濃度領域のストライプ状態に代表される局在スピンの振る舞いと異なり、超伝導の強い最適ドープ付近での両者の2面性を持つことを示唆する。

論文

New approach to spin assignments of intermediate structures in $$^{12}$$C($$^{16}$$O,$$^{12}$$C[2$$_1^{+}$$])$$^{16}$$O

杉山 康治; 冨田 芳明; 池添 博; 山内 良麿; 井出野 一実; 濱田 真悟; 泥谷 雅之*; 杉光 強*; 迎 隆*; 中本 孝太郎*; et al.

Physical Review C, 49(6), p.3305 - 3308, 1994/06

 被引用回数:3 パーセンタイル:18.28(Physics, Nuclear)

原子核の高励起状態にエキゾチックなクラスター構造が現れる。この構造のスピンを決定することは、構造の研究を進める上で不可欠である。我々は$$gamma$$線反跳法により、$$^{12}$$C+$$^{16}$$O非弾性散乱で励起された$$^{12}$$C(2$$^{+}$$)の磁気量子状態の分布を求めた。各磁気量子状態への角度分布からクラスター構造のスピンを決める新しい方法を見つけた。

論文

Helium-air exchange flow through multiple openings

T.I.Kang*; 岡本 孝司*; 班目 春樹*; 文沢 元雄

Proc. of the 6th Int. Symp. on Transport Phenomena (ISTP-6) in Thermal Engineering,Vol. 1, p.325 - 330, 1993/00

高温ガス炉スタンドパイプ破断時空気浸入挙動解明の一環として、複数個の開口部(仕切りのある開口部)におけるヘリウムと空気による密度差置換流の実験を行った。開口部高さと内径の比(開口比)が小さい領域では、仕切りの有無による差はみられない。しかし、開口比の大きい領域では、仕切りの無い場合より、仕切りの有る場合が置換流量は多くなる。この領域の置換流量を管路の圧力損失と水頭差の釣合から評価し、開口比や内径の影響を説明することができた。また流量を評価する上で、開口部出入口近くでの上昇下降流の干渉による圧力損失が重要であることがわかった。

口頭

Fe-induced short-range magnetic correlation in Bi$$_{1.75}$$Pb$$_{0.35}$$Sr$$_{1.90}$$Cu$$_{0.91}$$Fe$$_{0.09}$$O$$_{6+y}$$

脇本 秀一; 平賀 晴弘*; 工藤 一貴*; 岡本 大地*; 西崎 輝一*; 加倉井 和久; Hong, T.*; Zheludev, A.*; Tranquada, J. M.*; 小林 典男*; et al.

no journal, , 

We have performed resistivity measurements, and neutron scattering measurements under magnetic field on Fe-doped superconductor Bi2201 in the overdoped regime. Fe-doping induces short-range magnetic correlation with incommensurate modulation. We have found that the system shows similarities to dilute magnetic alloys, in which the Kondo effect is relevant. This implies that the incommensurate spin fluctuation in the high-$$T_c$$ cuprates may have a contribution from itenerant electrons.

口頭

Off-axis XUV harmonics from relativistic laser - gas jet interaction

Pirozhkov, A. S.; 神門 正城; Esirkepov, T. Z.; Pikuz, T.; Faenov, A. Ya.*; 小倉 浩一; 林 由紀雄; 小瀧 秀行; Ragozin, E. N.*; Neely, D.*; et al.

no journal, , 

We present the discovery of strong off-axis XUV high-order harmonics generated in the interaction of relativistic-irradiance ($$>$$ 10$$^{18}$$ W/cm$$^{2}$$) multi-terawatt femtosecond laser pulses with gas jet targets. The results are obtained using the J-KAREN laser facility in Kansai Photon Science Institute, JAEA in the relativistic regime of high-order harmonics generation in gas targets discovered by us. We have performed the measurements of the harmonics source size and angular divergence which allow more accurate estimate of the peak spectral brightness, much more favorable compared to the previous conservative estimates. Our results are important for many research fields and technological areas requiring a bright coherent X ray or XUV source for pumping, probing, seeding, imaging, or attosecond science.

口頭

Off-axis high-order harmonics from relativistic laser - gas jet interaction

Pirozhkov, A. S.; 神門 正城; Esirkepov, T. Z.; Pikuz, T.; Faenov, A. Ya.*; 小倉 浩一; 林 由紀雄; 小瀧 秀行; Ragozin, E. N.*; Neely, D.*; et al.

no journal, , 

We present the discovery of strong off-axis XUV high-order harmonics generated in the interaction of relativistic-irradiance ($$>$$ 10$$^{18}$$ W/cm$$^{2}$$) multi-terawatt femtosecond laser pulses with gas jet targets. The results are obtained using the J-KAREN laser facility in Kansai Photon Science Institute, JAEA in the relativistic regime of high-order harmonics generation. The recent measurements of the harmonics source size and angular divergence allow more accurate estimate of the peak spectral brightness, which is much more favorable compared to the previous conservative estimates. Our results are important for many research fields and technological areas requiring a bright coherent X-ray or XUV source for pumping, probing, seeding, imaging, or attosecond science.

口頭

High-order harmonic comb from relativistic electron spikes

Pirozhkov, A. S.; 神門 正城; Esirkepov, T. Z.; Pikuz, T.; Faenov, A. Ya.*; 小倉 浩一; 林 由紀雄; 小瀧 秀行; Ragozin, E. N.*; Neely, D.*; et al.

no journal, , 

We present the new regime of high-order harmonics generation by multi-TW femtosecond lasers irradiating gas jet targets. We describe new results concerning the off-axis XUV harmonics emission, angular distribution and source size.

口頭

On-axis and off-axis high order harmonics generation by relativistic laser in gas jet target

Pirozhkov, A. S.; 神門 正城; Esirkepov, T. Z.; Pikuz, T.; Faenov, A. Ya.*; 小倉 浩一; 林 由紀雄; 小瀧 秀行; Ragozin, E. N.*; Neely, D.*; et al.

no journal, , 

We have recently discovered a new regime of high-order harmonic generation by multi-TW femtosecond lasers focused to gas jet targets, where comb-like spectra with hundreds of harmonic orders, reaching the photon energy of 500 eV, including the "water window" spectral range, were generated by either linearly or circularly polarized pulses. In this presentation we describe the results of new experiments with the J-KAREN laser in KPSI, JAEA, namely (1) the discovery of a strong off-axis XUV high-order harmonics emission, (2) the detailed study of the high-resolution on-axis harmonics spectra, and (3) the measurements of the harmonics source size and angular divergence which allow more accurate estimate of the peak spectral brightness, much more favorable compared to the previous conservative estimates.

口頭

高コントラスト超高強度短パルスレーザーJ-KARENによるレーザー駆動イオン加速実験

西内 満美子; 榊 泰直; 匂坂 明人; 前田 祥太; Pirozhkov, A. S.; Pikuz, T.; Faenov, A. Ya.*; 小倉 浩一; 福田 祐仁; 松川 兼也*; et al.

no journal, , 

レーザー駆動型のイオン線は、その類稀な特徴より医療応用をはじめとして多くの応用の分野から着目を浴びている。その中の一つとして、既存の加速器へのインジェクターがある。重イオンを高エネルギーまで加速する加速器の小型化には、できるだけ電荷質量比(Q/M)が高く、高電流密度を持つイオン源が必要不可欠となる。一方、原子力機構関西研においては、高コントラスト超高強度短パルスレーザーJ-KARENを用いてレーザー駆動イオン加速研究を行っている。レーザー自身の高い電場強度によってプラズマ中のイオンは高いQ/Mを実現し、かつ同時に高エネルギーにまで加速することが可能である。最適化を行えば、既存の加速器のイオン源のみならず初段の線形加速器までの置き換えが可能となる。本講演では、薄膜と超高強度短パルス高コントラストレーザーとの相互作用によって、高エネルギーイオンの加速に成功したことについて報告する。

口頭

超高強度超短パルスレーザーの薄膜照射で発生する電子スペクトル計測

前田 祥太; 西内 満美子; 榊 泰直; 匂坂 明人; Pirozhkov, A. S.; Pikuz, T.; Faenov, A. Ya.*; 小倉 浩一; 福田 祐仁; 松川 兼也*; et al.

no journal, , 

原子力機構では、超高強度超短パルスレーザーと薄膜を相互作用させて高エネルギーイオン発生の研究を行っている。装置の巨大化を抑えつつ発生イオンを高エネルギー化するためには、照射条件を最適化しなければならない。最適化するパラメータの決定には、イオンと同時に発生する電子や中性子、X線の情報から、プラズマ中の物理現象を知る必要がある。そこで本研究では、レーザープラズマ相互作用で発生した電子の温度を精度よく測るために、1-200MeVのブロードバンドなスペクトル検出器を開発した。検出器は、永久磁石と蛍光板およびCCDカメラで構成される。本発表では、まず、兵庫県立粒子線医療センターにて行った4・9・12・15MeVの準単色電子を用いての蛍光板発光特性の調査結果を報告する。次に、粒子輸送モンテカルロ計算コード「PHITS」を用いた計算機上での模擬実験により、データ解析手法を検証したので報告する。

口頭

High-order harmonics from relativistic electron spikes

Pirozhkov, A. S.; 神門 正城; Esirkepov, T. Z.; Pikuz, T.; Faenov, A. Ya.*; 小倉 浩一; 林 由紀雄; 小瀧 秀行; Ragozin, E. N.*; Neely, D.*; et al.

no journal, , 

In recent experiments we discovered bright off-axis harmonics carrying the pulse energy of up to 50 nJ ($$approx 5 times 10^9$$ photons) in the 60-100 eV spectral region, which is one of the best results achieved with compact coherent X-ray sources. We measured the angular divergence. High-resolution images reveal that the harmonics are emitted from two point-like regions with size smaller than a micron, which was predicted by our relativistic electron spikes model.

口頭

Source structure of high-order harmonics from relativistic electron spikes

Pirozhkov, A. S.; 神門 正城; Esirkepov, T. Z.; Pikuz, T.; Faenov, A. Ya.*; 小倉 浩一; 林 由紀雄; 小瀧 秀行; Ragozin, E. N.*; Neely, D.*; et al.

no journal, , 

In recent experiments with the J-KAREN laser we imaged the source of harmonics with photon energies from 60 to 100 eV onto a LiF crystal detector, which provides sub-$$mu$$m resolution. The images reveal that the harmonics are emitted from two point-like regions with size smaller than a micron, in accordance with the prediction of our relativistic electron spikes model.

口頭

High-resolution XUV imaging of catastrophes in relativistic plasma

Pirozhkov, A. S.; 神門 正城; Esirkepov, T. Z.; Pikuz, T.; Faenov, A. Ya.*; 小倉 浩一; 林 由紀雄; 小瀧 秀行; Ragozin, E. N.*; Neely, D.*; et al.

no journal, , 

Plasma produced with relativistic-irradiance (I$$_{0}$$ $$>$$ 10$$^{18}$$ W/cm$$^{2}$$) lasers is known as a source of XUV and X-ray radiation generated via various mechanisms. Recently discovered by us high-order harmonic emission from gas jet targets produces short-pulse coherent radiation desirable for many applications. According to our model, the harmonics are emitted by relativistic electron spikes, which are the density singularities resulting from catastrophes of a multi-stream relativistic plasma flow. Here we present high-resolution measurements of a XUV emission source which show that the radiation is indeed emitted by tiny sources, in accordance with the model prediction. In the experiment performed with the J-KAREN laser the XUV emission (60-100 eV) has been imaged on a LiF crystal detector, which reveals the detailed structure of the XUV sources, for example the double source consisting of two sub-micrometer radiating points, as predicted by the model.

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