Radioactivity and radionuclides in deciduous teeth formed before the Fukushima-Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident

高橋 温*; 千葉 美麗*; 棚原 朗*; 相田 潤*; 清水 良央*; 鈴木 敏彦*; 村上 忍*; 小荒井 一真; 小野 拓実*; 岡 壽崇; et al.

Scientific Reports (Internet), 11(1), p.10355_1 - 10355_11, 2021/05

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89910-0

The Fukushima-Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FNPP) accident released substantial amounts of radionuclides into the environment. We collected 4,957 deciduous teeth, from children living in Fukushima and reference prefectures. Radioactivity was detected in most of the teeth examined and was attributed to the presence of natural radionuclides, including K and daughter nuclides in U and Th series. Additionally, artificial radionuclides, Sr and Cs, were detected in the teeth obtained from children from Fukushima and the reference prefectures. However, these radionuclides were not believed to have originated from the FNPP accident. Because the teeth examined in the present study were formed before the FNPP accident occurred, the aforementioned findings may serve as important control data for future studies regarding the radioactivity of teeth formed after the FNPP accident.

Microstructural features and ductile-brittle transition behavior in hot-rolled lean duplex stainless steels

高橋 治*; 渋井 洋平*; 徐 平光; Harjo, S.; 鈴木 徹也*; 友田 陽*

Quantum Beam Science (Internet), 4(1), p.16_1 - 16_15, 2020/03

https://doi.org/10.3390/qubs4010016

The characteristics of texture and microstructure of lean duplex stainless steels with low Ni content produced through hot rolling followed by annealing were investigated locally with electron backscatter diffraction and globally with neutron diffraction. Then, the ductile-brittle transition (DBT) behavior was studied by Charpy impact test. It is found that the DBT temperature (DBTT) is strongly affected by the direction of crack propagation, depending on crystallographic texture and microstructural morphology; the DBTT becomes extremely low in the case of fracture accompanying delamination. A high Ni duplex stainless steel examined for comparison, shows a lower DBTT compared with the lean steel in the same crack propagating direction. The obtained results were also discussed through comparing with those of cast duplex stainless steels reported previously (Takahashi et al., Tetsu-to-Hagane, 100(2014), 1150).

Measurements of neutron total and capture cross sections of Am with ANNRI at J-PARC

寺田 和司*; 木村 敦; 中尾 太郎*; 中村 詔司; 水山 一仁*; 岩本 信之; 岩本 修; 原田 秀郎; 片渕 竜也*; 井頭 政之*; et al.

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 55(10), p.1198 - 1211, 2018/10

AA2017-0628.pdf:2.06MB

https://doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2018.1485519

Neutron total and capture cross sections of Am have been measured with a new data acquisition system and a new neutron transmission measurement system installed in Accurate Neutron Nucleus Reaction measurement Instrument (ANNRI) at Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF) of Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). The neutron total cross sections of Am were determined by using a neutron time-of-flight method in the neutron energy region from 4 meV to 2 eV. The thermal total cross section of Am was derived with an uncertainty of 2.9%. A pulse-height weighting technique was applied to determine neutron capture yields of Am. The neutron capture cross sections were determined by the time-of-flight method in the neutron energy region from the thermal to 100 eV, and the thermal capture cross section was obtained with an uncertainty of 4.1%. The evaluation data of JENDL-4.0 and JEFF-3.2 were compared with the present results.

Research and development for accuracy improvement of neutron nuclear data on minor actinides

原田 秀郎; 岩本 修; 岩本 信之; 木村 敦; 寺田 和司; 中尾 太郎; 中村 詔司; 水山 一仁; 井頭 政之*; 片渕 竜也*; et al.

EPJ Web of Conferences, 146, p.11001_1 - 11001_6, 2017/09

https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201714611001

A nuclear data project entitled Research and development for Accuracy Improvement of neutron nuclear data on Minor ACtinides (AIMAC) is being performed in Japan. The objective of the project is to improve accuracy of neutron nuclear data for minor actinides and some fission products, which is required for developing innovative nuclear system transmuting these nuclei. Following research items have been conducted to achieve the objective: (1) Measurements of thermal neutron capture cross-sections by activation methods, (2) High-precision quantifications of shielded sample amounts used for TOF measurement, (3) Resonance parameter determinations at J-PARC/ANNRI and KURRI/LINAC, (4) Extension of capture cross sections to high energy neutrons at J-PARC/ANNRI, (5) High quality evaluation based on iterative communication with experimenters. The achievement of the project is presented.

Interactive visualization for singular fibers of functions :

櫻井 大督; 佐伯 修*; Carr, H.*; Wu, H.-Y.*; 山本 卓宏*; Duke, D.*; 高橋 成雄*

IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 22(1), p.945 - 954, 2016/01

https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2015.2467433

単変量のトポロジーは、Morse理論の形をとって、科学技術現場でデータを解析及び可視化するための計算ツールを提供してきた。等値線間の接続性が変化する様子は、等値線を1点に縮約することで、Reebグラフとして表現できる。多変量データについては、等値線はファイバー(値域の点の逆像)に一般化され、そのためこの分野はファイバートポロジーとして知られている。しかしながら、ファイバートポロジーはMorse理論に比べれば未開拓の状態にあり、また現在の研究は人の手による可視化に頼っている。そのため本稿では、多変量関数: に含まれるファイバーの特異性を可視化するインターフェイスを紹介する。本インターフェイスはファイバートポロジーでの伝統的可視化作業に則っているが、Reebグラフを拡張したReeb空間に基づく3次元ビューをも新規に導入している。本インターフェイスの妥当性を評価するために、我々はいくつかのケースで検討し、支援可能かどうか検証を進めている。本発表では数学分野での利用を想定し、そのワークフローを支援できるかどうか、当該分野の専門の数学者と、経験の浅い数学者とを対象に検証したのでその結果について発表する。

Accuracy improvement of neutron nuclear data on minor actinides

原田 秀郎; 岩本 修; 岩本 信之; 木村 敦; 寺田 和司; 中尾 太郎; 中村 詔司; 水山 一仁; 井頭 政之*; 片渕 竜也*; et al.

EPJ Web of Conferences, 93, p.06001_1 - 06001_5, 2015/05

https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/20159306001

核変換システムによる環境負荷低減効果の定量的評価とその設計に資することを目的に、原子力システム研究開発事業として「マイナーアクチニドの中性子核データ精度向上に係わる研究開発」を平成25年10月より開始した。本研究開発では、高精度化を実現するために、J-PARC/物質・生命科学実験施設の中性子核反応測定装置ANNRIや京都大学原子炉実験所研究炉KUR等を利用するとともに、4つの異なる研究分野である核データ測定・炉物理・放射化学・核データ評価の研究者が相互に協力し、独立手法による測定結果の相互比較を行うことで系統誤差要因の理解を深め、信頼性を高める。本プロジェクト研究の背景、全体計画及び研究進捗を概説する。

Establishment of production process of JK2LB jacket section for ITER CS

尾関 秀将; 濱田 一弥; 高橋 良和; 布谷 嘉彦; 河野 勝己; 押切 雅幸; 齊藤 徹; 手島 修*; 松並 正寛*

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 24(3), p.4800604_1 - 4800604_4, 2014/06

https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2013.2281536

JAEA is in charge of procuring Center Solenoid (CS) conductor in ITER project. CS conductor is Cable-In-Conduit type, and conduit is also called jacket. The cross-sectional shape of CS jacket is circle-in-square type, whose outer dimension is 51.3 mm and inner diameter is 35.3 mm. The length of one CS jacket section is 7 m, and the necessary total length of CS conductor is about 43 km. CS coil is expected to suffer high electro-magnetic force, so JAEA developed JK2LB, which is modified stainless steel expected to better characteristics of fatigue and thermal contraction in 4 K than SUS316LN, in cooperate with Kobe Steel, Ltd. The remaining problem was to establish production process of jackets which satisfy dimensional and mechanical requirement in ITER consistently, and also, Non-Destructive Examination (NDE) by ITER-original criteria. To carry out the R&D for above, production of dummy CS jackets were executed and these jackets were fabricated successfully. The results are reported.

Cable twist pitch variation in NbSn conductors for ITER toroidal field coils in Japan

高橋 良和; 名原 啓博; 辺見 努; 布谷 嘉彦; 礒野 高明; 濱田 一弥; 松井 邦浩; 河野 勝己; 小泉 徳潔; 押切 雅幸; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 23(3), p.4801504_1 - 4801504_4, 2013/06

https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2013.2239693

ITER計画において、原子力機構は2010年3月からトロイダル磁場(TF)コイル用導体を調達している6極の中で、先駆けて実機導体の製作を開始した。TFコイルは高さ14m,幅9mで、7個のダブルパンケーキから構成されている。導体の単長は最大760mであり、通電電流値は11.8Tの磁場中において68kAである。導体はケーブル・イン・コンジット型と呼ばれるもので、900本のNbSn素線と522本の銅素線で構成される撚線を円形のステンレス製ジャケットに挿入し、ジャケットを圧縮成型したものである。完成した導体の撚線の撚りピッチが、撚線製作時のピッチより長いことがわかった。この原因を究明するため、撚線の引張試験や引込中の撚線の回転測定などを行った。この結果、撚線をジャケットに挿入している間に、撚線が撚り戻る方向に回転したために、長くなったことが解明された。これらの結果を定量的に報告する。

Monte Carlo modelling for the lung monitoring of enriched uranium; Results of an international comparison

Broggio, D.*; Bento, J.*; Caldeira, M.*; Cardenas-Mendez, E.*; Farah, J.*; Fonseca, T.*; Konvalinka, C.*; Liu, L.*; Perez, B.*; Capello, K.*; et al.

Radiation Measurements, 47(7), p.492 - 500, 2012/07

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2012.04.020

In order to assess the reliability of Monte-Carlo (MC) based numerical calibration of counting systems, and in order to provide training for this issue, particularly the use of voxel phantoms, the EURADOS network supported a comparison of MC simulation results of well defined experiments. measurements of enriched uranium in a thoracic phantom have been carried out and the needed information to simulate these measurements was distributed to participants. About half of the participants managed to simulate the measured counting efficiency without support from the organizers. Following additional support all participants managed to simulate the counting efficiencies within a typical agreement with experiment of 5%.

Inter-atomic force constants from correlation effects among thermal displacement of atoms in PbTe

Xianglian*; 佐久間 隆*; Mohapatra, S. R.*; 上原 寛之*; 高橋 東之*; 神嶋 修*; 井川 直樹

Molecular Simulation, 38(5), p.448 - 451, 2012/04

https://doi.org/10.1080/08927022.2011.569547

10K及び294KにおけるPbTeの中性子散漫散乱実験を行った結果、PbTeの散乱強度の振動項は原子の熱変位における相関効果によって説明できることを明らかにした。相関効果とDebye-Waller温度因子から計算した294Kにおける第1近接原子間の力定数は =215eV/nmと、第2近接原子間のそれは、各々 =108eV/nm及び =144eV/nmと求めることができた。