Research on factor analysis and technical process for achieving denuclearization; Investigation of Iran's Case

Tazaki, Makiko; Shimizu, Ryo; Kimura, Takashi; Suda, Kazunori

JAEA-Review 2024-041, 88 Pages, 2024/11

JAEA-Review-2024-041.pdf:2.83MB

As part of the "Research on factor analysis and technical processes for achieving denuclearization", Investigation and analysis on Iran's nuclear development and denuclearization was conducted. Before Islamic Revolution, Iran pursued nuclear weapon related programs, however, the program was temporarily halted due to the Revolution. On the other hand, during the Iran-Iraq War, Iran was attacked by chemical weapons from Iraq, and it could not receive the response it wanted from the international community, so the Iran decided to pursue secret nuclear weapon program. In 2002, Iranian dissidents exposed Iran's clandestine nuclear activities, so the Iran seemed to have focused more on maintaining its uranium enrichment activities, rather than developing nuclear weapons. Since then, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom have been working to resolve the Iran's nuclear issues through diplomatic negotiations. In 2006, the US, Russia and PRC joined negotiations and in 2015, an agreement was reached with Iran as "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA)". The lessons learned from Iran's denuclearization are that there are needs for momentum toward denuclearization in the international community as well as concord and cooperation among the five nuclear-weapon states. In addition, not only the effective use of sanctions including the clear condition of its lifting, but also keeping guarantees for the peaceful use of nuclear energy should not be undermined.