JOPSS - Search Results

Journal Articles

Organization of malonamides from the interface to the organic bulk phase

Micheau, C.; Ueda, Yuki; Motokawa, Ryuhei; Akutsu, Kazuhiro*; Yamada, Norifumi*; Yamada, Masako*; Moussaoui, S. A.*; Makombe, E.*; Meyer, D.*; Berthon, L.*; et al.

Journal of Molecular Liquids, 401, p.124372_1 - 124372_12, 2024/05

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2024.124372

Supramolecular organization of extractant molecules impacts metal ions separation behavior. Probing bulk and interfacial structures of the relevant systems is expected to provide key insights into the metal ion selectivity and kinetic aspects. The supramolecular features of two solvent extraction systems based on malonamide extractants THMA in toluene and DBMA in n-heptane were studied using small-angle X-ray scattering for the organic bulk phases, as well as interfacial tension and neutron reflectivity measurements for the interfaces. In the bulk solution, THMA forms dimeric/trimeric associates but no aggregates in toluene, while DBMA forms large aggregates in n-heptane. On the other hand, THMA accumulates in a diffuse layer at the interface at high THMA concentration, whereas DBMA forms a compact but thinner layer. After Pd(II) extraction, the thickness of interfacial layers decreases in the case of THMA, and totally vanishes in the case of DBMA. Based on these new structural information, two mechanisms are proposed for Pd(II) and Nd(III) extraction with malonamides. In toluene, THMA associates slightly accumulate in the vicinity of the interface, then coordinate Pd(II) and diffuse into the organic bulk phase. In n-heptane, DBMA aggregates adsorb at the interface then pick up Nd(III) cations in their polar cores and finally diffuse into the bulk.

JAEA Reports

Characterization of NiC/Ti supermirror deposited on a metallic substrate

Tamura, Itaru; Kashima, Yoichi; Soyama, Kazuhiko

JAEA-Research 2014-029, 12 Pages, 2015/03

JAEA-Research-2014-029.pdf:1.89MB

Neutron guide tubes, which are installed near reactor cores, are damaged by neutrons and rays irradiation. Those glass substrates which contain boron material are affected by (n, ) reaction, and ionization effect of rays on material strength decrease duration of use of neutron guide tubes. In order to increase resistance to radiation, we have fabricated a supermirror with Ni-P metallic substrate. The substrate roughness with 0.2 - 0.3 nm (rms) was produced by super- polishing. The neutron reflectivity reached 76 % for an m=3 supermirror.

Journal Articles

Irradiation test on Mo- and W-mirrors for ITER by low energy deuterium ions

Sugie, Tatsuo; Kasai, Satoshi; Taniguchi, Masaki; Nagatsu, Masaaki*; Nishitani, Takeo

Journal of Nuclear Materials, 329-333(2), p.1481 - 1485, 2004/08

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.04.248

Times Cited Count：30 Percentile：85.82(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

In ITER, the effect of lower energy particle bombardment is important for mirrors located near the divertor where the low temperature plasma is formed. The test pieces of molybdenum mirrors and a tungsten mirror were irradiated by high flux and low energy (67-80 eV) deuterium ions using SLEIS (Super Low Energy Ion Source with High Ion Flux) facility at the temperature of around 100 $^{circ}$ C. The molybdenum mirror manufactured by sintering and melting the thin layer of the surface by electron beam in order to eliminate holes on the surface has a higher reflectivity before irradiation than the mirrors without melting the surface, but the reflectivity decreases rapidly with the irradiation fluence due to the generation of blisters on the mirror surface. The reflectivity of molybdenum mirror manufactured by sintering only did not decrease so significantly (less than 10 % at the fluence of 1.3 10 $^{25}$ m $^{-2}$ ). The molybdenum and tungsten mirrors manufactured by sintering without melting the surface have a potential for plasma facing mirrors in ITER.

Journal Articles

Reflectivity enhancement of large -Qc supermirror by ion polishing

Soyama, Kazuhiko; Tsunoda, Haruhiko*; Murakami, Katsuhiko*

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 529(1-3), p.73 - 77, 2004/08

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2004.04.180

Times Cited Count：5 Percentile：36.28(Instruments & Instrumentation)

An ion polishing technique has been applied to supermirror coating in order to enhance neutron reflectivity. A Ni/Ti supermirror with a critical value of 3Qc and the total number of layers of 407 was coated in combination with ion polishing. The dependencies of Ar $^{+}$ ion polishing time, ion acceleration energy and incidence angle on the interface roughness were studied and optimized by using X-ray and neutron reflectometry. The reflectivity of the supermirror was measured at the JRR-3 reflectometer of cold beam line. It has reached 90% at the external critical angle, although the non polished one has the reflectivity of 80%.

Journal Articles

X-ray reflectivity and diffraction studies on lipid and lipopolymer Langmuir-Blodgett films under controlled humidity

Bolze, J.*; Takahashi, Masamitsu; Mizuki, Junichiro; Baumgart, T.*; Knoll, W.*

Journal of the American Chemical Society, 124(32), p.9412 - 9421, 2002/08

https://doi.org/10.1021/ja0265308

Times Cited Count：13 Percentile：47.66(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)

Synchrotron X-ray reflectivity and grazing incidence diffraction were applied to study the structures of phospholipid Langmuir-Blodgett films under controlled humidity. DSPE and DSPE-PEO lipopolymers, in which a PEO chain with n= 8, 17, or 45 EO units is covalently linked to the polar headgroup of DSPE, were used. When the relative humidity was changed from below 2 to 97%, the phosphate headgroup in a DSPE film was hydrated with a concomitant thickness increase of 0.42 nm. The swelling of the monolayer was found to be a reversible process without any significant roughening of the film. Subtle differences in the film thickness could be detected for DSPE monolayers transferred under various lateral pressures. The degree of lateral ordering of the alkyl chains in DSPE monolayers increased considerably when the humidity was raised. In the case of DSPE-PEO with eight EO units, the hydration of the monolayer was also found to be reversible, but the water uptake was larger due to the presence of the hydrophilic polymer interlayer.

Journal Articles