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At using an 
-scintillation-camera system and thin-layer chromatography瀬川 麻里子; 西中 一朗*; 藤 暢輔; 前田 亮
Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 326(1), p.773 - 778, 2020/10
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：100(Chemistry, Analytical)At is a candidate nuclide for alpha-targeted therapy. In order to use At as a pharmaceutical, the radioactivity and chemical forms of generated At are the most fundamental specifications that need to be analyzed prior to its medical use. However, previous methods of separately measuring the radioactivity and chemical forms are not adaptable to the medical use of At because they cause a severe loss of At and do not analyze all the chemical forms of At. Therefore, a new analytical method for both the radioactivity and chemical forms of generated At is urgently needed. Accordingly, in this study, we developed an experimental system optimized to simultaneously analyze both the radioactivity and chemical forms of a At solution to significantly shorten the analysis time; we experimentally verified the accuracy and capabilities of this system at the Japan Atomic Energy Agency. The experiments confirmed that the present system could analyze the radioactivity and all the chemical forms of At with an uncertainty of approximately 5% in the region higher than 150 Bq and that it was 200 times more sensitive than the conventional method using an imaging technique with an X-ray imaging plate. As a result, a new method for analyzing the radioactivity and chemical forms of At was successfully established and this method will meet the demands for alpha-targeted therapy using At. This method will contribute to promoting the stable supply of the medical use of At in the near future.
古高 和禎; 藤 暢輔
Proceedings of Joint International Conference on Supercomputing in Nuclear Applications + Monte Carlo 2020 (SNA + MC 2020), p.297 - 304, 2020/10
No established method exists to non-destructively measure the amount of highly radioactive nuclear fuel materials such as spent fuels, and it is one of the urgent issues in nuclear material accountancy. Therefore, JAEA has started a research on development of innovative non-destructive analysis (NDA) system for Special Nuclear Materials and Minor Actinides, in cooperation with EC-JRC. The aim of the project is to establish an NDA method which can be applied to highly radioactive nuclear materials and develop a demonstration system, named "Active-N", by utilizing an intense D-T neutron source and by combining the following mutually complemental active-neutron NDA methods: DDA, N RTAs, and PGA (Prompt Gamma-ray Analysis). The PGA measurements play a crucial role in the system, because it can detect/quantify neutron poison elements which disturb DDA measurements, as well as explosives and chemical warfare agents, by utilizing a high-energy resolution Germanium detector. To make an NDA system to be efficient one, an intense neutron generator has to be employed. On the other hand, exposure of a Ge detector to an immense amount of fast neutron makes the detector severely damaged and inoperative. Therefore, in order for the system to be efficient, it is essential to develop effective shield of the PGA system against fast neutrons. In this work, by performing particle transport calculation using Monte Carlo method, we have investigated effective shielding methods for the PGA measurement system in the Active-N system, against fast neutrons from the D-T neutron source. Materials and their configurations which effectively reduce fast-neutron doses and at the same time emit no interfering gamma rays, were examined. Through the calculation, a shield which reduces fast neutron dose sufficiently have been developed. This research was implemented under the subsidiary for nuclear security promotion of MEXT.
大図 章; 前田 亮; 米田 政夫; 藤 暢輔
Proceedings of 2019 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (IEEE NSS/MIC 2019), Vol.1, p.101 - 104, 2020/08
In the fields of safeguards, nuclear non-proliferation, and nuclear security, non-destructive analysis (NDA) techniques useful for highly radioactive nuclear materials (NMs) are not established yet because there are so many technical difficulties to measure the amount of the highly radioactive NMs. A novel NDA system with a pulsed neutron source as the method for determining the composition of mixed NMs has been developing in the Japan Atomic Energy Agency. In the NDA system, a differential die-away analysis (DDA) technique is used to quantify the amount of fissile materials. The detection limit of fissile materials in DDA system is determined by the signal to noise ratio in fast neutron counting. A method to reduce the noise signal by using neutron absorber (B
C rubber) sheets mounted on the inner entire surface in the sample cavity is proposed. The effect of the sheets on the reduction of noise signal in the fast neutron counting was investigated in both experimental test and simulation. The experimental results show that it is possible to detect a nuclear fissile material (
Pu) of as low as 1 mg in a vial bottle when the absorber sheets with a thickness of 3 mm is used. This paper also presents comparison between experimental data and simulation results.
米田 政夫; 藤 暢輔
Annals of Nuclear Energy, 135, p.106993_1 - 106993_6, 2020/01
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：100(Nuclear Science & Technology)本研究は全く新しいアクティブ中性子法として、中性子線源を測定対象物の周りで高速移動させ、その残存出力を調べることにより核物質の検知を行う手法について検討したものである。一般に中性子線源を用いて核物質を含む対象物に中性子を照射すると、核分裂中性子に加えて、線源からの中性子も同時に観測される。しかし、中性子線源を非常に高速に移動させて照射を行うと、それら中性子成分が時間的に分離して観測される。この効果を利用することにより核物質の検知が可能となる。本研究手法では、従来のアクティブ中性子法では不可欠であった高価なDT中性子発生管が不要となることから、装置の低コスト化及び簡素化にも貢献することが期待できる。
藤 暢輔
JAEA-Conf 2019-001, p.47 - 52, 2019/11
原子力機構と欧州委員会-共同研究センター(EC-JRC)との共同研究により、従来の非破壊測定技術が適用できない高線量核燃料物質のための非破壊測定技術開発を実施している。本プロジェクトでは、小型のパルス中性子源を用いる4つのアクティブ中性子法(ダイアウェイ時間差分析法: DDA、中性子共鳴透過分析法: NRTA、即発
線分析法: PGA、遅発線分析法: DGA)の開発を実施しており、それらの手法を組み合わせ、それぞれの特長を生かすことによって高線量核燃料物質に対応できる非破壊測定法の確立を目指している。平成29年度で終了したフェーズIに続き、平成30年度から開始したフェーズIIでは、上述の4つのアクティブ中性子法の高度化を行うとともに、原子力機構燃料サイクル安全工学研究施設において、3つの分析手法(DDA, PGA, NRTA)を組み合わせた総合非破壊測定装置を開発する予定である。本講演では、プロジェクトの概要とこれまでに得られた主な研究成果について報告する。本研究開発は、文部科学省「核セキュリティ強化等推進事業費補助金」事業の一部である。
大図 章; 前田 亮; 米田 政夫; 藤 暢輔
Proceedings of 2018 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (IEEE NSS/MIC 2018) (Internet), 4 Pages, 2019/10
A Differential Die-away Analysis (DDA) system using a compact pulsed neutron (DT: 14 MeV) generator has been successfully developed for nuclear non-proliferation and nuclear security in the Japan Atomic Energy Agency. The DDA system employing the fast neutron direct interrogation method is designed to quantify fissile materials in samples which have different volume from a vial bottle (4 cc) to pail container (20 liter). It has been demonstrated experimentally that the DDA system is capable of quantifying a nuclear fissile material (Pu-239) less than 10 mg in a vial bottle. The performance of the DDA system with a large measurement sample such as a MOX can container (2 liter) was evaluated through the Monte Carlo simulation studies. The simulation results show that the Pu-239 mass of around 10 mg even in the MOX can container can be detected. The results of the simulation study are discussed and compared to those of the experimental test.
前田 亮; 古高 和禎; 呉田 昌俊; 大図 章; 米田 政夫; 藤 暢輔
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 56(7), p.617 - 628, 2019/07
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：58.8(Nuclear Science & Technology)In order to measure the amount of nuclear materials in the fuel debris produced in the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident, we have designed a measurement system based on a Fast Neutron Direct Interrogation (FNDI) method. In particular, we have developed a fast response detector bank for fast neutron measurements by Monte Carlo simulations. The new bank has more than an order of magnitude faster response compared to the standard ones. We have also simulated the nondestructive measurements of the nuclear materials in homogeneously mixed fuel debris with various matrices which contain Stainless Steel (JIS SUS304), concrete, and various control-rod (CR) contents in the designed system. The results show that at least some types of the fissile materials in the debris can be measured by using the designed system.
藤 暢輔; 大図 章; 土屋 晴文; 古高 和禎; 北谷 文人; 米田 政夫; 前田 亮; 小泉 光生
Proceedings of INMM 60th Annual Meeting (Internet), 7 Pages, 2019/07
Nuclear material accountancy plays a key role in nuclear safeguards and security. The collaboration between the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) and the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission aims to develop an active neutron NDA system for Special Nuclear Materials (SNM) and Minor Actinides (MA) in highly radioactive nuclear materials. Several active neutron NDA techniques, namely Differential Die-Away Analysis (DDA), Prompt Gamma-ray Analysis (PGA), Neutron Resonance Capture Analysis (NRCA), Neutron Resonance Transmission Analysis (NRTA) and Delayed Gamma-ray Analysis (DGA) have been developed. The different methods can provide complementary information. In the first phase of the project, we developed a combined NDA system, which enables the simultaneous measurements of DDA and PGA. The DDA technique can determine very small amounts of the fissile mass. PGA is valuable for the measurement of light elements. In the second phase, we will continue to conduct additional research to improve the methodology and develop a new integrated NDA system which can use for NRTA as well as DDA and PGA. In this presentation, we will provide an overview of the project and report the recent results, especially the design of new integrated NDA system. This research was implemented under the subsidiary for nuclear security promotion of MEXT.
大図 章; 前田 亮; 米田 政夫; 藤 暢輔; 小泉 光生; 瀬谷 道夫
Proceedings of 2017 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC 2017) (Internet), 4 Pages, 2018/11
A Differential Die-away Analysis (DDA) system using a compact pulsed neutron (14 MeV) generator has been newly developed for non-nuclear proliferation and nuclear security in the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA). The DDA system was designed to be able to detect a nuclear fissile material (Pu-239) of as low as 10 mg and to handle samples of a different volume: a vial bottle (20 mL), a pail container (20 L), through a Monte Carlo simulation. In the DDA system, the Fast Neutron Direct Interrogation (FNDI) technique, which utilizes fast neutrons for interrogation, was applied to measure the amount of fissile mass contained in the sample. The fundamental performance of the DDA system was investigated in the demonstration experiment. The simulation results show that the Pu-239 masses of less than 10 mg can be detected in the DDA system. The results of the experiment are discussed and compared with those of the simulation.
原田 正英; 勅使河原 誠; 大井 元貴; Klinkby, E.*; Zanini, L.*; Batkov, K.*; 及川 健一; 藤 暢輔; 木村 敦; 池田 裕二郎
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 903, p.38 - 45, 2018/09
被引用回数：4 パーセンタイル：29.78(Instruments & Instrumentation)At the J-PARC pulsed spallation neutron source, liquid hydrogen moderators composed of 99.8% parahydrogen associated with light-water premoderator have been providing high intensity cold and thermal neutron beams. In the design stage, simulations have shown not only high total neutron intensity in the coupled moderator but also a local neutron-brightness increase at the edges. The edge-effect-brightness increase is also exploited in the design of the European Spallation Source (ESS) moderators, which are based on 99.8% parahydrogen, but thin (thickness: 3 cm) to enhance the neutron brightness. In this study, the spatial distribution of the neutron brightness at the surface of the coupled moderator in the J-PARC pulsed spallation neutron source was directly measured with the pinhole geometry to validate the calculated edge-brightness enhancement. The brightness distribution at the moderator surface was clearly observed as predicted by a Monte Carlo simulation, proving the validity of the simulation tools used in the design-optimization process of the J-PARC and ESS moderator.
米田 政夫; 大図 章; 森 貴正; 中塚 嘉明; 前田 亮; 呉田 昌俊; 藤 暢輔
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 55(8), P. 962, 2018/08
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：100(Nuclear Science & Technology)以前に発表した論文(アクティブ中性子法における中性子増倍効果に関する研究(J Nucl Sci Technol. 2017;54(11):1233-1239)における式の導出法を訂正する。式の導出法に間違いがあったが、最終的に導出される式は正しい。そのため、論文の結論及び議論に変更は無い。
北谷 文人; 土屋 晴文; 藤 暢輔; 堀 順一*; 佐野 忠史*; 高橋 佳之*; 中島 健*
KURRI Progress Report 2017, P. 99, 2018/08
As a non-destructive analytical technique for nuclear material in the field of nuclear security and nuclear nonproliferation, a neutron resonance transmission analysis (NRTA) attracts attention of researchers. It is important to downsize a NRTA system when it is deployed at various facilities. For this aim, we have developed a compact NRTA system which utilizes a D-T neutron generator. Its pulse width of 10
s is much longer than that of a large electron beam accelerator. It is necessary to understand the influence of pulse widths on the NRTA measurement. Therefore, we conducted the experiments of the simulated nuclear fuel pin samples to evaluate how the NRTA measurement is influenced by the pulse width of neutron beam. Experiments were performed in Kyoto University. The simulated fuel pellet sample was made from metallic powders of Ag (around 1%) and Al (around 99%). The energy of the irradiation neutron is determined by a Time of Flight technique. We used three pulse widths of the neutron beam of 0.1, 1 and 4 s. A resonance dip of 
Ag at 5.19 eV is observed in the all spectra. And the dip of the TOF spectrum shifts towards low energy, with pulse width changed to a longer one. In this work, we confirmed that neutron pulse width affected the NRTA measurement of the fuel pin sample. On the basis of this work, we will be able to quantify the effects of long-pulse width in a resonance analysis.
土屋 晴文; 北谷 文人; 藤 暢輔; Paradela, C.*; Heyse, J.*; Kopecky, S.*; Schillebeeckx, P.*
Proceedings of INMM 59th Annual Meeting (Internet), 6 Pages, 2018/07
In fields of nuclear safeguards and nuclear security, non-destructive assay (NDA) techniques are needed in order to quantify special nuclear materials (SNMs) in nuclear fuels. Among those techniques, active NDA ones would be preferable to passive ones. One candidate of active NDA techniques is neutron resonance transmission analysis (NRTA). In fact, experiments done at GELINA have shown that NRTA has high potential enough to quantify SNMs in complex materials. Currently, such a NRTA system requires a large electron accelerator facility to generate intense neutron sources. In other words, it is very difficult to perform NRTA at various facilities that need to measure SNMs. Thus, downsizing a NRTA system would be one solution of its difficulty. In order to realize a compact NRTA system, we develop a prototype with a D-T neutron generator that has a pulse width of 10 s. For this aim, numerical calculations to optimize the compact NRTA system were done. In addition, NRTA measurements with simulated fuel pins were made at neutron time-of-flight facilities such as GELINA. In this presentation, we present results of the numerical calculations and the experimental results. On the basis of those results we discuss a future prospect of a compact NRTA system that would be applicable to SNM quantification. This research was implemented under the subsidiary for nuclear security promotion of MEXT.
藤 暢輔; 大図 章; 土屋 晴文; 古高 和禎; 北谷 文人; 米田 政夫; 前田 亮; 小泉 光生; Heyse, J.*; Paradela, C.*; et al.
Proceedings of INMM 59th Annual Meeting (Internet), 9 Pages, 2018/07
Nuclear material accountancy is of fundamental importance for nuclear safeguards and security. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no established technique that enables us to accurately determine the amount of Special Nuclear Materials (SNM) and Minor Actinides (MA) in high radioactive nuclear materials. Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) and the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission Collaboration Action Sheet-7 started in 2015. The purpose of this project is to develop an innovative non-destructive analysis (NDA) system using a D-T pulsed neutron source. Active neutron NDA techniques, namely Differential Die-Away Analysis (DDA), Prompt Gamma-ray Analysis (PGA), Neutron Resonance Capture Analysis (NRCA), Neutron Resonance Transmission Analysis (NRTA) and Delayed Gamma-ray Analysis (DGA) have been studied and developed. The different methods can provide complementary information which is particularly useful for quantification of SNM and MA in high radioactive nuclear materials. The second phase of the project has started. In the second phase, we will continue to conduct additional research to improve the methodology and develop an integrated NDA system. This presentation gives an overview of the project and the NDA system and reports the recent results. This research was implemented under the subsidiary for nuclear security promotion of MEXT.
U迫田 晃弘; 中塚 嘉明; 石森 有; 中島 伸一; 米田 政夫; 大図 章; 藤 暢輔
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 55(6), p.605 - 613, 2018/06
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：75.54(Nuclear Science & Technology)核物質の計量管理の向上のため、我々は以前、ドラム缶に充填されたウラン廃棄物を対象にした非破壊検査装置(JAWAS-N: JAEA Waste Assay System at Ningyo-toge)を開発した。これは高速中性子直接問いかけ(FNDI)法に基づいている。FNDI法の特性やJAWAS-Nの性能をより明らかにするために、既知量の天然ウランを含む様々な乾燥物質を用いて、実験と計算によるモックアップ試験を行った。その結果、U核分裂に由来した高速中性子の消滅時間(
)とカウントの間に直線性があることを実験と計算で確認した。また、MCNPによる計算から、U核分裂確率、中性子の検出効率、および感度に対するドラム缶内のウラン分布の影響を議論した。計算結果は既報の実験結果とも一致しており、FNDI法に基づくウラン定量に関して実践的な情報を得た。さらに、JAWAS-Nの名目の検出効率を評価したところ、=0.2, 0.3, 0.4msecの物質でそれぞれ15, 4, 2g(天然ウラン量)であった。本研究で得られた知見は、FNDI法による実ウラン廃棄物のU量評価に貢献する。
大図 章; 前田 亮; 米田 政夫; 古高 和禎; 藤 暢輔
日本核物質管理学会第38回年次大会論文集(インターネット), 9 Pages, 2018/04
原子力機構では、欧州委員会共同研究センターと共同で核不拡散、核セキュリティ用非破壊測定技術の開発に取り組んでおり、従来の技術では測定が難しい核変換用MA-Pu燃料等の高線量核物質や共存物質が多い難測定核物質を測定する技術の確立を目指している。その技術開発において、核分裂性核物質の定量が可能な次世代型アクティブ中性子ダイアウェイ時間差分析(DDA)部と元素分析が可能な即発線分析(PGA)部を組み合わせた、小型DT中性子源を用いるアクティブ中性子統合非破壊測定試験装置"Active-N"を新たに設計、開発した。現在、製作したDDA部の基本性能を評価するために微量のPu酸化物試料を封入したバイアル瓶を用いて測定試験を実施している。本報では、その試験結果をモンテカルロシミュレーション(MCNP)結果と比較して報告する。
土屋 晴文; 北谷 文人; 前田 亮; 藤 暢輔; 呉田 昌俊
Plasma and Fusion Research (Internet), 13(Sp.1), p.2406004_1 - 2406004_4, 2018/02
近年、核セキュリティや核不拡散の分野において核燃料中の核物質を非破壊で測定する重要性が増している。その目的に叶う技術として、中性子共鳴透過分析法(NRTA)がある。NRTAは、パルス中性子ビームを測定試料に照射し、試料から透過してくる中性子を計測することにより、試料の分析を行う。NRTAの基となっている測定技術は、高い精度が要求される核データの測定に長年使われており、確立された技術である。しかし、現状のNRTA測定システムは、強力な中性子ビームを生み出すために規模の大きな電子線加速器を用いなければならず、核燃料の測定が必要とされる施設に組み込むことは容易ではない。この問題を解く一つの鍵は、NRTAシステムに組み込まれる中性子発生源をできるだけ小さくし、NRTAシステムを小型化することである。そこで我々は2つのタイプの小型中性子源を考えている。一つは、10secの中性子パルス幅を有するD-T中性子発生管を使うもので、もう一つは1secという短いパルス幅を持つ小型電子線加速器を用いるものである。本発表では、NRTA測定の原理や小型NRTAシステムの概要を紹介するとともに、DT中性子発生管と小型電子線加速器を用いた場合について、NRTA測定で得られる透過中性子スペクトルを数値計算により導出し、比較する。その比較を基に、核燃料中の核物質の測定に中性子ビームのパルス幅がどのように影響を与えるのかについて議論する。
中島 健次; 川北 至信; 伊藤 晋一*; 阿部 淳*; 相澤 一也; 青木 裕之; 遠藤 仁*; 藤田 全基*; 舟越 賢一*; Gong, W.*; et al.
Quantum Beam Science (Internet), 1(3), p.9_1 - 9_59, 2017/12
J-PARC物質・生命科学実験施設の中性子実験装置についてのレビューである。物質・生命科学実験施設には23の中性子ビームポートがあり21台の装置が設置されている。それらは、J-PARCの高性能な中性子源と最新の技術を組み合わせた世界屈指の実験装置群である。このレビューでは、装置性能や典型的な成果等について概観する。
米田 政夫; 大図 章; 森 貴正; 中塚 嘉明; 前田 亮; 呉田 昌俊; 藤 暢輔
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 54(11), p.1233 - 1239, 2017/11
被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：50.46(Nuclear Science & Technology)アクティブ中性子法における中性子増倍効果に関して、解析及び実験による研究を実施した。アクティブ中性子法を用いた核物質の測定では、第2世代以降の中性子による中性子増倍の影響を受ける。しかしながら、そのような中性子増倍効果による影響について、これまで十分に調べられてこなかった。本研究では、第3世代中性子による中性子増倍が無視できる場合において、測定データから第2世代中性子による中性子増倍効果の影響を補正する手法について調べ、測定データから中性子増倍の影響を除外する補正方法を提案した。更に、本手法を利用した深い未臨界度の評価手法についても示した。
Sn, 
Sn and 
Sn with the array of Ge spectrometer at the J-PARC/MLF/ANNRI木村 敦; 原田 秀郎; 中村 詔司; 藤 暢輔; 井頭 政之*; 片渕 竜也*; 水本 元治*; 堀 順一*
EPJ Web of Conferences, 146, p.11031_1 - 11031_4, 2017/09
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：100Accurate neutron capture cross section data of 
Sn, which is one of the most important long-lived fission products (LLFPs), is required in the study of transmutation of radioactive waste. However, there is only one experimental data at the thermal energy. A Sn sample for a nuclear data experiment contaminated with a large amount of tin stable isotopes, 
Sn, because these stable isotopes also have fission yields. These isotopes have large effects on neutron-capture cross-section measurements for Sn. To obtain accurate cross-section data for Sn, a series of neutron-capture cross-section measurements of all the tin stable isotopes are required. Therefore, the measurements of all tin stable isotopes have been started with Accurate Neutron-Nucleus Reaction measurement Instrument (ANNRI) of Materials and Life science experimental Facility (MLF) in Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). In this presentation, preliminary results of the neutron-capture cross-section measurements of 
Sn are reported in the neutron energy region from 10 meV to 2 keV.
