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浪江 将成; 斉藤 淳一; 池田 明日香; 岡 涼太郎*; Kim, J.-H.*
Surfaces (Internet), 7(3), p.550 - 559, 2024/09
The iron (Fe) specimens selected as the substrate metal for this study were surface-treated using fluorine gas, and their wettability with liquid sodium (Na) was evaluated using the sliding angle. Additionally, the surface morphology and binding state were analyzed, and the applicability of wettability control with liquid sodium by fluorination was discussed using the analysis results. Fluorination formed a fluoride layer comprising FeF
and FeF
bonds on the iron surface. The composition of the fluoride layer varied, depending on the treatment conditions. The surface of the specimen that contains a lot of FeF bonds had a small sliding angle for the liquid sodium droplet and was harder to wet than the untreated specimen. In contrast, the surface of the specimen that contains a lot of FeF bonds had a large sliding angle for the liquid sodium droplet and was easier to wet than the untreated specimen. These results indicate that fluorination is an effective surface modification technique that can be applied to control the wettability of iron with liquid sodium.
O近藤 洋介*; Achouri, N. L.*; Al Falou, H.*; Atar, L.*; Aumann, T.*; 馬場 秀忠*; Boretzky, K.*; Caesar, C.*; Calvet, D.*; Chae, H.*; et al.
Nature, 620(7976), p.965 - 970, 2023/08
被引用回数：18 パーセンタイル：95.53(Multidisciplinary Sciences)非常に中性子が過剰な原子核Oは、陽子、中性子ともに魔法数であることから古くからその性質に興味が持たれていたが、酸素の最後の束縛核
Oよりも中性子が4個も多いため、これまで観測されてこなかった。この論文では、理化学研究所RIBFにて
Fからの1陽子ノックアウト反応によってOを生成し、そこから放出される中性子を測定することによって初めてその観測に成功した。核構造の観点からは、Oでは二重閉殻が保たれているか興味が持たれていたが、実験で得られた分光学的因子が殻模型計算で予言されて程度の大きいことから、閉殻構造をもたない可能性が高いことがわかった。
Ne at the transition into the island of inversion; Detailed structure study of NeWang, H.*; 安田 昌弘*; 近藤 洋介*; 中村 隆司*; Tostevin, J. A.*; 緒方 一介*; 大塚 孝治*; Poves, A.*; 清水 則孝*; 吉田 数貴; et al.
Physics Letters B, 843, p.138038_1 - 138038_9, 2023/08
被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：75.57(Astronomy & Astrophysics)Neからの1中性子除去反応を用いて、Neの詳細な
線分光を行った。平行運動量分布の解析に基づき、Neの準位構造とスピンパリティを決定し、初めて負のパリティ状態を同定した。測定された断面積と運動量分布から、N=20とN=28のシェルギャップの消失の証拠となる有意なintruder p-wave強度が明らかになった。束縛状態については、弱いf-waveの可能性のある強度が観測された。いくつかの有効相互作用を用いた大規模殻模型計算では、実験的に観測された大きなp-wave強度と小さなf-wave強度は再現されず、Ne同位体に沿った反転の島への遷移の完全な理論的記述への挑戦が続いていることを示している。
安江 歩夢*; 川上 真由*; 小林 謙祐*; Kim, J.; 宮津 裕次*; 西尾 悠平*; 向井 智久*; 諸岡 聡; 兼松 学*
Quantum Beam Science (Internet), 7(2), p.15_1 - 15_14, 2023/05
Neutron diffraction is a noncontact method that can measure the rebar strain inside concrete. In this method, rebar strain and stress are calculated using the diffraction profile of neutrons irradiated during a specific time period. In general, measurement accuracy improves with the length of the measurement time. However, in previous studies, the measurement time was determined empirically, which makes the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results unclear. In this study, the relationship between the measurement time and the measurement standard deviation was examined for reinforced concrete specimens under different conditions. The aim was to clarify the accuracy of the measurement of rebar stress using the neutron diffraction method. It was found that if the optical setup of the neutron diffractometer and the conditions of the specimen are the same, there is a unique relationship between the diffraction intensity and the rebar stress standard deviation. Furthermore, using this unique relationship, this paper proposes a method for determining the measurement time from the allowable accuracy of the rebar stress, which ensures the accuracy of the neutron diffraction method.
synchrotron X-ray scattering and nanoindentation testIm, S.*; Jee, H.*; Suh, H.*; 兼松 学*; 諸岡 聡; Choe, H.*; 西尾 悠平*; 町田 晃彦*; Kim, J.*; Lim, S.*; et al.
Construction and Building Materials, 365, p.130034_1 - 130034_18, 2023/02
被引用回数：11 パーセンタイル：74.81(Construction & Building Technology)Nanocrystalline calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H) is a typical heterogeneous material with a multiscale structure spanning a wide length scale from angstrom to micrometer, and whose structure is determined by the Ca/Si ratio. In this study, we directly applied compressive loads on synthetic C-S-H pastes with Ca/Si ratios of 0.6-1.2 and investigated their mechanical properties using the elastic modulus calculated at three length scale levels (i.e., angstrom to nanometer, micrometer, and millimeter) via in-situ synchrotron X-ray scattering, nanoindentation tests, and strain gauges, respectively. Further, Si nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was conducted on the C-S-H pastes to elucidate the alterations in the silicate polymerization. The experimental results confirmed the deformation behavior of the C-S-H paste with different Ca/Si ratios under external loading, which was demonstrated to be transferred from the surface of the pastes to particles owing to the presence of multiscale pores.
Wei, D.*; Gong, W.; 都留 智仁; Lobzenko, I.; Li, X.*; Harjo, S.; 川崎 卓郎; Do, H.-S.*; Bae, J. W.*; Wagner, C.*; et al.
International Journal of Plasticity, 159, p.103443_1 - 103443_18, 2022/12
被引用回数：67 パーセンタイル：99.58(Engineering, Mechanical)Face-centered cubic single-phase high-entropy alloys (HEAs) containing multi-principal transition metals have attracted significant attention, exhibiting an unprecedented combination of strength and ductility owing to their low stacking fault energy (SFE) and large misfit parameter that creates severe local lattice distortion. Increasing both strength and ductility further is challenging. In the present study, we demonstrate via meticulous experiments that the CoCrFeNi HEA with the addition of the substitutional metalloid Si can retain a single-phase FCC structure while its yield strength (up to 65%), ultimate strength (up to 34%), and ductility (up to 15%) are simultaneously increased, owing to a synthetical effect of the enhanced solid solution strengthening and a reduced SFE. The dislocation behaviors and plastic deformation mechanisms were tuned by the addition of Si, which improves the strain hardening and tensile ductility. The present study provides new strategies for enhancing HEA performance by targeted metalloid additions.
細川 隆行; 安江 歩夢*; Kim, J.; 栗田 圭輔; 兼松 学*
コンクリート構造物の補修,補強,アップグレード論文報告集(CD-ROM), 22, p.113 - 118, 2022/10
本研究では、乾湿繰り返しを行ったコンクリートの水分状態が鉄筋腐食に及ぼす影響を明らかにすることを目的とし、その前段階として、乾湿繰り返しにおける乾燥程度の違いが相対含水率に及ぼす影響を検討した。加えて、水分移動の影響が大きいひび割れ部に関して解析を行った。実験結果より、試験体中央の鉄筋軸垂直方向10mm範囲において、6時間吸水後40
Cの乾燥を42および90時間行った場合の相対含水率は、0
5%程度しか差が生じず、20Cの乾燥を90および186時間行った場合、1020%程度の差が生じた。また、ひび割れを有する試験体では、ひび割れ部における相対含水率は健全部と比較して、1015%程度高くなった。
Kim, G.*; Im, S.*; Jee, H.*; Suh, H.*; Cho, S.*; 兼松 学*; 諸岡 聡; 小山 拓*; 西尾 悠平*; 町田 晃彦*; et al.
Cement and Concrete Research, 159, p.106869_1 - 106869_17, 2022/09
被引用回数：22 パーセンタイル：89.36(Construction & Building Technology)This study explored the effect of M-S-H formation on the local atomic arrangements and mechanical properties of C-S-H. The elastic moduli of the samples were calculated using shifted atomic distances (r) and d-spacings (d) acquired by applying an external load on the pastes during X-ray scattering experiments. The experimental results indicated that the crystal structure of C-S-H remained intact with MgCl addition. At the highest Mg/Si ratio (Ca/Si = 0.6, Mg/Si = 0.2), change in the dominant phase occurred from C-S-H to M-S-H because the low pH environment hindered the formation of C-S-H and facilitated the formation of M-S-H. The elastic modulus decreased with increasing Mg/Si ratio up to 0.1 owing to both C-S-H destabilization and low M-S-H content in the samples. Conversely, the elastic modulus increased in the paste synthesized with the highest Mg/Si ratio because considerable M-S-H had formed, which exhibited a higher elastic modulus than C-S-H.
Tang, J.*; Seo, O.*; Rivera Rocabado, D. S.*; 小板谷 貴典*; 山本 達*; 難波 優輔*; Song, C.*; Kim, J.*; 吉越 章隆; 古山 通久*; et al.
Applied Surface Science, 587, p.152797_1 - 152797_8, 2022/06
被引用回数：7 パーセンタイル：64.62(Chemistry, Physical)水素貯蔵材料として重要な立方体形状Pdナノ粒子の水素吸収と拡散メカニズムをX線光電子分光とDFT計算を用いて調べた。表面領域では粒子の大きさによらず、ほぼ同様の水素吸収挙動を示した。四面体サイトよりも八面体サイトの水素占有率が大きいことがわかった。表面の乱れによってPd-H結合が弱くなるため、小さいサイズのPdナノ粒子に吸収された水素原子は、より活発に粒子内部に拡散することが分かった。これが低水素圧での水素吸着に重要な役割を果たしている。
meson properties in nuclear matter from QCD sum rules with chirally separated four-quark condensatesKim, J.*; Gubler, P.; Lee, S. H.*
Physical Review D, 105(11), p.114053_1 - 114053_9, 2022/06
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：13.46(Astronomy & Astrophysics)The modification of the meson spectrum in nuclear matter is studied in an updated QCD sum rule analysis, taking into account recent improvements in properly treating the chiral invariant and breaking components of four-quark condensates. Allowing both mass and decay width to change at finite density, the QCD sum rule analysis determines certain combinations of changes for these parameters that satisfy the sum rules equally well. A comprehensive error analysis, including uncertainties related to the behavior of various condensates at linear order in density, the employed renormalization scale and perturbative corrections of the Wilson coefficients, is used to compute the allowed ranges of these parameter combinations. We find that the meson mass shift in nuclear matter is especially sensitive to the strange sigma term 
, which determines the decrease of the strange quark condensate in nuclear matter.
Im, S.*; Jee, H.*; Suh, H.*; 兼松 学*; 諸岡 聡; 小山 拓*; 西尾 悠平*; 町田 晃彦*; Kim, J.*; Bae, S.*
Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 104(9), p.4803 - 4818, 2021/09
被引用回数：20 パーセンタイル：81.34(Materials Science, Ceramics)This study aims to elucidate the effect of heating on the local atomic arrangements, structure, phase transformation, and mechanical properties of synthesized calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H). The alteration in the atomic arrangement of the synthesized C-S-H (Ca/Si = 0.8) and the formation of crystalline phases that occurred in three distinct transformation stages of dehydration (105-200 C), decomposition (300-600 C), and recrystallization (700-1000 C) were investigated via powder X-ray diffraction, Si nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Further, the deformation of the local atomic bonding environment and variations in mechanical properties during the three stages were assessed via pair distribution function analysis based on in-situ total X-ray scattering. The results revealed that the C-S-H paste before heating exhibited a lower elastic modulus in real space than that in the reciprocal space in the initial loading stage because water molecules acted as a lubricant in the interlayer. At the dehydration stage, the strain as a function of external loading exhibited irregular deformation owing to the formation of additional pores induced by the evaporation of free moisture. At the decomposition stage, the structural deformation of the main d-spacing (d 
3.0 
) was similar to that of the real space before the propagation of microcracks. At the recrystallization stage, the elastic modulus increased to 48 GPa owing to the thermal phase transformation of C-S-H to crystalline 
-wollastonite. The results provide direct experimental evidence of the micro- and nanostructural deformation behavior of C-S-H pastes after exposure to high temperature under external loading.
-ray spectrometer and its performance under intense 
Cs and 
Co radiation fields冠城 雅晃; 島添 健次*; 加藤 昌弘*; 黒澤 忠弘*; 鎌田 圭*; Kim, K. J.*; 吉野 将生*; 庄司 育宏*; 吉川 彰*; 高橋 浩之*
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 1010, p.165544_1 - 165544_9, 2021/09
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Instruments & Instrumentation)2011年の東京電力ホールディングス福島第一原子力発電所の事故以来、世界各地で廃止措置措置に入る原子力施設が増加している。これらの原子力施設では、放射性物質の適切な管理が要求されている。そこで、ガンマ線スペクトル測定技術は、放射性物質の重要な情報を得ることができるため、有益なツールである。さらに、放射性物質の空間情報も重要であるため、ガンマ線イメージングについて求められている。しかしながら、これらの施設には、強度放射線場が広がるため、ガンマ線スペクトル測定やガンマ線イメージングが困難になる。そのため、寸法が5mm 
5mm 5mmの小さなCeBr
シンチレーター4個で分割した線スペクトロメーターを開発した。上記の4個のシンチレーターは、強度放射場に特化したマルチアノード光電子増倍管と組合わせた。私たちは、CsとCoの放射線場で照射試験を実施した。Cs照射場の線量率1375mSv/hにおいて、相対エネルギー分解能が、それぞれのチャンネルで、9.2
0.05%, 8.00.08%, 8.00.03%, 9.0 0.04%であった。
Kim, J. G.*; Bae, J. W.*; Park, J. M.*; Woo, W.*; Harjo, S.; Lee, S.*; Kim, H. S.*
Metals and Materials International, 27(2), p.376 - 383, 2021/02
被引用回数：10 パーセンタイル：49.25(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Heterogeneous structured materials achieve a combination of high strength and extreme ductility due to synergetic strengthening driven by conditions in the interfacial region. Although the origin of synergetic strengthening has been revealed to be strain incompatibility in the interfacial region, the effect of the strength difference between hard and soft phases on strengthening has not been investigated well. In the work reported in the present paper, the effect of the difference in strength of the hard and soft phases on synergetic strengthening was investigated by conducting in situ neutron diffraction tensile tests. As a result, it was determined that the dislocation density in a layered sheet of high Mn (HMn) steel/interstitial free (IF) steel is higher than that in a layered sheet of HMn/low carbon steel. The big difference in mechanical properties between HMn steel and IF steel induces a high stress gradient and results in additional dislocations.
scintillator under intense -ray fields for nuclear decommissioning冠城 雅晃; 島添 健次*; 加藤 昌弘*; 黒澤 忠弘*; 鎌田 圭*; Kim, K. J.*; 吉野 将生*; 庄司 育宏*; 吉川 彰*; 高橋 浩之*; et al.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 988, p.164900_1 - 164900_8, 2021/02
被引用回数：11 パーセンタイル：83.42(Instruments & Instrumentation)近年、2011年の東京電力ホールディングス福島第一原子力発電所事故より、世界各地で、廃止措置になる原子力施設が増加している。一方、原子力施設の廃止措置工程においては、放射性廃棄物や使用済み核燃料を適切な管理下で回収しなければならないため。そこで、本研究は、高線量率下でのガンマ線スペクトロメトリを実現するため、5mm5mm5mmの微小CeBrスペクトロメーターを構築した。さらに、(1)毎秒ギガサンプリング率のデジタル信号処理、(2)後段3段ダイノード電圧印加機能付光電子増倍管により、1Sv/hを超える線量率でのガンマ線スペクトル測定に成功した。Cs放射線場で、662keVのエネルギー分解能(半値幅)が、22mSv/hで4.4%であり、それが1407mSv/hでは5.2%である。対して、Co放射線場では、1333keVのエネルギー分解能(半値幅)が、26mSv/hで3.1%であり、それが2221mSv/hでは4.2%である。これらは、
Cs, Cs, Co, 
Euのガンマ線を分解できる要求を満たており、同時に1Sv/h以上で上記核種のガンマ線分析が可能なことを示唆するものである。
gamma-ray spectrometer suitable for the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station冠城 雅晃; 島添 健次*; 大鷹 豊*; 上ノ町 水紀*; 鎌田 圭*; Kim, K. J.*; 吉野 将生*; 庄子 育宏*; 吉川 彰*; 高橋 浩之*; et al.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 971, p.164118_1 - 164118_8, 2020/08
被引用回数：7 パーセンタイル：60.47(Instruments & Instrumentation)Our work focused on the passive gamma-ray analysis (PGA) of the nuclear fuel debris based on measuring gamma rays with an energy greater than 1 MeV for the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS). The PGA requires gamma-ray spectrometers to be used under the high dose rates in the FDNPS, then we fabricated a small cubic CeBr spectrometer with dimensions of 5 mm 5 mm 5 mm, coupled to a Hamamatsu R7600U-200 photomultiplier tube (PMT). The performance at dose rates of 4.4 to 750 mSv/h in a Co field was investigated. The energy resolution (FWHM) at 1333 keV ranged from 3.79% to 4.01%, with a standard deviation of 6.9%, which met the narrow gamma decay spectral lines between Eu (1274 keV) and Co (1333 keV). However, the spectra shifted to a higher energy level as the dose rate increase, there was a 51% increase at the dose rates of 4.4 to 750 mSv/h, which was caused by the PMT gain increase.
, an iodine source for the immobilisation of radioiodineJohnstone, E. V.*; Bailey, D. J.*; Lawson, S.*; Stennett, M. C.*; Corkhill, C. L.*; Kim, M.*; Heo, J.*; 松村 大樹; Hyatt, N. C.*
RSC Advances (Internet), 10(42), p.25116 - 25124, 2020/07
被引用回数：4 パーセンタイル：13.19(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)The synthesis of a palladium-containing iodovanadinite derivative, hypothetically "PdPb
(VO
)
I", was attempted using PdI as a source of iodine in searching for a novel waste form for radioiodine. The resulting products were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, IR spectroscopy, thermal analysis and Pd K XANES. Results showed that PdI can function as a sacrificial iodine source for the formation of iodovanadinite, prototypically Pb
(VO)I, however, the incorporation of Pd into this phase was not definitively observed. Overall, the key novelty and importance of this work is in demonstrating a method for direct immobilisation of undissolved PdI from nuclear fuel reprocessing, in a composite wasteform in which I-129 is immobilised within a durable iodovandinite ceramic, encapsulating Pd metal.
meson with finite momentum in a dense mediumKim, H.-J.*; Gubler, P.
Physics Letters B, 805, p.135412_1 - 135412_8, 2020/06
被引用回数：18 パーセンタイル：87.77(Astronomy & Astrophysics)QCD和則を利用し、核物質におけるメソンの分散関係を調べる。敗れたLorentz対称性により、有限密度中ではベクター粒子のlongitudinal及びtransverseモードが異なる振る舞いを示しえる。次元6までの可能な演算子及びそのWilson係数をすべて用い、様々な密度及び運動量におけるメソンの分散関係を解析する。その結果、longitudinal及びtransverseモードが逆の振る舞いを示すことが分かった。実際、運動量1GeVでは、longitudinalモードでは質量が5MeVほど下り、transverseモードでは7MeVほど上がることが分かった。longitudinal及びtransverseモードを区別しない実験では、この現象が二つの分離されたピークとして観測される可能性がある。
Bae, J. W.*; Jung, J.*; Kim, J. G.*; Park, J. M.*; Harjo, S.; 川崎 卓郎; Woo, W.*; Kim, H. S.*
Materialia, 9, p.100619_1 - 100619_15, 2020/03
In the present study, an integrated experimental-numerical analysis on ferrous medium-entropy alloy (FMEA) was conducted to understand the micromechanical response of the constituent phases in the FMEA at -137C. The initial face-centered cubic (FCC) single phase microstructure of the FMEA was transformed to body-centered cubic (BCC) martensite during tensile deformation at -137C, resulting in improved low-temperature mechanical properties. The microstructure evolution due to deformation-induced phase transformation mechanism and strain partitioning behavior was analyzed using 
electron backscatter diffraction. The mechanical responses related to the stress partitioning between constituent phases and deformation-induced transformation rate were measured using neutron diffraction in combination with the nanoindentation analysis.
Carter, L. M.*; Crawford, T. M.*; 佐藤 達彦; 古田 琢哉; Choi, C.*; Kim, C. H.*; Brown, J. L.*; Bolch, W. E.*; Zanzonico, P. B.*; Lewis, J. S.*
Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 60(12), p.1802 - 1811, 2019/12
被引用回数：25 パーセンタイル：81.75(Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging)従来の内部被ばく研究では、CT画像などに基づき構築したボクセル人体ファントムを適用し、線量評価データを解析することが一般的であった。しかし、皮膚や膜状組織などをより精密に表現できるポリゴンメッシュ人体ファントムの開発が進められており、内部被ばく研究でもこのファントムを用いた評価が要求されている。しかし、モンテカルロ放射線輸送計算コードにこのファントムを取り込んで計算を行うことは、コードに精通していない場合は難しい現状となっている。そこで、PHITSの使い方に関する詳しい知識を持たないユーザーでも、このファントムを用いた内部被ばく線量計算が簡単にできるツールPARaDIMを開発した。このツールでは、グラフィカルインターフェースにより、使用する四面体メッシュファントムの選択や臓器毎の放射性核種の設定、そしてPHITSの実行が操作できる。このツールを用いた実行例をいくつか示し、先行研究との比較を行うことで、本ツールの有用性を確認した。
Jung, W.*; Ahn, J. K.*; 長谷川 勝一; Hicks, K.*; Hwang, S.*; 市川 裕大; Kim, S.*; 佐甲 博之; 佐藤 進; 谷田 聖
JPS Conference Proceedings (Internet), 27, p.011007_1 - 011007_6, 2019/11
We have developed HypTPC consists of TPC and the trigger hodoscope for the J-PARC hadron experiments. The TPC Hodoscope has large scintillators of 80 7 1 cm
to cover the TPC. Especially, we have developed a readout circuit for multiple MPPCs to detect photons generated over a large area of the scintillator. A general methods of applying voltage to multiple MPPCs are parallel and series connections. In the case of parallel connections, a signal has a long tail due to the large sensor capacitance. MEG collaboration used four MPPC segments as a serial connection. However, in the case of a series connection, the requiring bias voltage is very high, and the gain is low. To avoid this problem, we have developed a new individual biasing method with a summing amplifier for stable multiple MPPC readouts. We also made prototype detectors and performed a cosmic-ray test. Brief descriptions of our prototypes and preliminary results of the cosmic-ray test are presented in this article.
