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大平 直也*; 樹神 克明; 伊藤 大介*; 齊藤 泰司*; Parker, J. D.*; 篠原 武尚
Nuclear Materials and Energy (Internet), 45, p.102005_1 - 102005_7, 2025/12
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Nuclear Science & Technology)Lead-bismuth eutectic has emerged as a promising candidate for liquid metal coolant for Gen-IV nuclear reactors. Lead-bismuth eutectic is a unique material that expands gradually within the solid state. It may induce pipe deformation or rupture if it solidifies in a pipe or a container. In this study, the strain distributions of lead-bismuth eutectic in stainless-steel cups were evaluated using wavelength-resolved neutron imaging method. The wettability-improved case exhibited significantly larger compressive strain than in the others. The adhesion between lead-bismuth eutectic and the inner surface of the cup was a critical issue in the present study.
Karimi, V.*; Qvistgaard, C. H.*; Schmidt, S.*; Wolfertz, A.*; Parker, J. D.*; 甲斐 哲也; 林田 洋寿*; 篠原 武尚; Angelis, S. D.*; Tengattini, A.*; et al.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 17(36), p.50742 - 50752, 2025/08
被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：79.09(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)Anodic Ti-based porous transport layers (PTLs) are paramount for advancing high-efficiency proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWEs). One of the major challenges with the development of PEMWE is the PTL/catalyst layer interface passivation, which is commonly alleviated by coating precious metals such as Pt. Herein, we report, for the first time, the usage of polarized neutron imaging (PNI) on a half-half PTL approach to investigate current distribution inside the PTL layer under the influence of Ti passivation under PEMWE operando condition. First, the electrochemical study of PEMWE reveals an obvious advantage of Pt coating in preventing Ti passivation by showing 822 mV less overpotential at 1 A cm
(1.771 V) for the superior sample (Pt-coated PTL) compared to the PEMWE with pristine Ti PTL (2.539 V). Second, it is confirmed that using ex situ electronic and structural characterizations, Ti passivation cannot be recognized, suggesting a temporary passivation process in an operating PEMWE. Employing PNI for operando mapping of the current distribution inside the PEMWE shows that most of the electrical current favors the Pt-coated PTL, perfectly aligned with the results obtained from the high-resolution operando neutron radiography in which around 60% of the produced oxygen was found in the Pt-coated PTL.
Bi
Park, P.*; Ortiz, B. R.*; Spargue, M.*; Sakuya, A. P.*; Chen, S. A.*; Frontzek, M. D.*; Tian, W.*; Sibille, R.*; Mazzone, D. G.*; 田端 千紘; et al.
Nature Communications (Internet), 16, p.4384_1 - 4384_9, 2025/05
被引用回数：13 パーセンタイル：98.32(Multidisciplinary Sciences)Kagome metals with van Hove singularities (VHSs) near the Fermi level can host intriguing quantum phenomena, including chiral loop currents, electronic nematicity, and unconventional superconductivity. However, unconventional magnetic states driven by VHSs, such as spin-density waves (SDWs), have yet to be observed experimentally in kagome metals. Here, we present a comprehensive investigation of the magnetic and electronic structure of the layered kagome metal CeTiBi, where the Ti kagome electronic structure interacts with a magnetic sublattice of Ce
= 1/2 moments. Our findings establish the rare-earth Kagome metals LnTi3Bi4 as a model platform where characteristic electronic structure of the kagome lattice plays a pivotal role in magnetic order.
Hu, F. F.*; Qin, T. Y.*; Su, Y. H.; He, L. H.*; Ao, N.*; Parker, J. D.*; 篠原 武尚; Wu, S. C.*
International Journal of Fatigue, 193, p.108826_1 - 108826_14, 2025/04
被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：92.65(Engineering, Mechanical)The relaxation behaviors of residual stress and the influence on the fatigue resistance of S38C axles with induction hardening were investigated by using advanced Bragg-edge transmission imaging and neutron diffraction as well as XFEM-based numerical modeling. The Bragg-edge imaging results indicate that lattice parameters change as the crack develops, which then leads to a decrease of residual strain. In addition, it was observed from neutron diffraction results that all three residual stress components decrease with the crack growth. By contrast, the compressive residual stress in the axle surface was almost fully released when the crack propagated to the matrix material zone. Furthermore, residual stress relaxation was validated by the extended finite element method. These new insights confirm stress relaxation in railway S38C axles during crack propagation, which must be considered while carrying out the structural integrity assessment.
Hu, F.-F.*; Qin, T.-Y.*; Ao, N.*; 徐 平光; Su, Y. H.; Parker, J. D.*; 篠原 武尚; 菖蒲 敬久; Kang, G.-Z.*; Ren, M.-M.; et al.
Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 25(2), p.75 - 93, 2025/04
To accurately predict the remaining lifetime of surface-strengthened railway axles, a damage tolerance method considering three-dimensional (3D) residual stresses was proposed. By taking the induction-hardened carbon steel S38C axle as an example, two-dimensional (2D) distribution characterization of residual strain and 3D residual stress measurement were performed through comprehensive application of the neutron Bragg-edge transmission imaging and angle-dispersive neutron diffraction experiments. A numerical method was employed to implant the 3D residual stress into the axle model, and the remaining lifetime of the full-scale axle was studied by coupling the measured load spectrum, press-fit loads, and residual stresses. Experimental results shows that, both axial and hoop directions present a compressive residual strain gradient layer of about 3 mm, with a maximum compressive residual strain of up to -4500 
in the surface layer, yet a maximum tensile strain of up to 1000 in the core. The maximum axial and hoop compressive stresses of the axle are about -500 MPa and -303 MPa respectively, while radial stresses overall fluctuate in the zero mean stress range. At depths beyond 4.5 mm from the surface layer, all three components are tensile stresses. The axle surface layer is subjected to compressive residual stresses, and crack propagation does not occur if the crack depth is less than 4.5 mm. Nevertheless, cracks propagate accelerates when the crack depth is greater than 4.5 mm. Different crack propagation depth thresholds lead to a larger calculated remaining lifetime for the residual stress-free condition than for the case where 3D residual stresses are taken into account. However, the axle remaining service mileage of the axle of 227000 Km under the most conservative conditions exceeds 3.5 non-destructive inspection (NDI) cycles, with a large safety margin. The experimental results can provide a scientific reference for the development and optimization of NDI cycles for surface-strengthened railway axles.
Sans-Planell, O.*; 篠原 武尚; Grazzi, F.*; Cantini, F.*; Su, Y. H.; 松本 吉弘*; Parker, J. D.*; Manke, I.*
Review of Scientific Instruments, 95(11), p.113702_1 - 113702_5, 2024/11
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：16.39(Instruments & Instrumentation)This study presents a significant development in the Energy-Resolved Neutron Imaging System RADEN, in the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex, Japan. Through a systematic study, the collimation power of the facility was reevaluated. To perform the calculation of the L/D factor of the beam, a state-of-the-art method has been used, along with a standard reference sample to measure the resolution of neutron images. To add robustness to the results, the study compares five different scintillators of different composition and thickness.
及川 健一; 松本 吉弘*; 渡辺 賢一*; 佐藤 博隆*; Parker, J. D.*; 篠原 武尚; 鬼柳 善明*
Scientific Reports (Internet), 14, p.27990_1 - 27990_11, 2024/11
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：23.66(Multidisciplinary Sciences)We are conducting research focused on elucidating the crystallographic structure of Japanese swords in a non-destructive manner using the neutron imaging instrument RADEN at J-PARC. In this study, we developed an analysis method that combines wavelength-resolved Bragg-edge imaging and a wavelength-selective neutron tomography with a new strategy, and applied it to an approximately 45 cm long Japanese sword signed by Bishu Osafune Norimitsu. Computed tomography was performed, and the analysis succeeded in clearly capturing the characteristic internal structure "Kobuse". Kobuse is most famous steel combining structure of Japanese swords, where a center steel with low carbon content is covered by an outer steel with high carbon content. The crystallite size distribution obtained through Bragg-edge analysis was able to explain without contradiction from the layered structure of two steels observed in neutron tomograms. Our non-destructive imaging also revealed that the quenching was quite deep, forming a wavy pattern more than 5 mm away from the cutting edge.
松本 吉弘*; 及川 健一; 渡辺 賢一*; 佐藤 博隆*; Parker, J. D.*; 篠原 武尚; 鬼柳 善明*
Journal of Archaeological Science; Reports, 58, p.104729_1 - 104729_10, 2024/10
We investigated the internal crystallographic structures of Japanese swords using a nondestructive analysis method that combines neutron Bragg-edge transmission (BET) imaging and neutron tomography. BET provides insights into the crystalline structure of the steel, while the neutron tomography offers cross-sectional views of the sword. To systematically explore and understand the technical and historical transition of Japanese sword-making methods, it is important to analyze the internal crystalline structure of various swords, taking into account factors such as production period, region, and swordsmith. Our study examined three swords: Kashu Kiyomitsu, Nankaitaro Tomotaka, and Hosokawa Masanori. The results reveal distinct differences in the internal structures of these swords. This innovative nondestructive approach allowed us to gain detailed insights into the microstructures of these historical artifacts without causing any damage.
渡辺 賢一*; 須貝 優介*; 長谷川 創大*; 田中 清志朗*; 人見 啓太朗*; 野上 光博*; 篠原 武尚; Su, Y. H.; Parker, J. D.*; Kockelmann, W.*
Scientific Reports (Internet), 14, p.25224_1 - 25224_13, 2024/10
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：16.39(Multidisciplinary Sciences)Thallium bromide (TlBr) semiconductor detectors are being developed as promising candidates for high-detection-efficiency, high-energy-resolution, and room-temperature gamma-ray spectrometers. This study presents methods for evaluating TlBr crystal quality and carrier transport characteristics using neutron Bragg-dip imaging and the time-of-flight method for pulsed-laser-induced carriers, respectively. In this study, two samples obtained from both the upstream and downstream region in the crystal ingot were evaluated.
signatures in two-dimensional cone beam interferometrySarenac, D.*; Gorbet, G.*; Clark, C. W.*; Cory, D. G.*; Ekinci, H.*; Henderson, M. E.*; Huber, M. G.*; Hussey, D. S.*; Kapahi, C.*; Kienzle, P. A.*; et al.
Physical Review Research (Internet), 6(3), p.L032054_1 - L032054_8, 2024/09
Neutron interferometry has played a distinctive role in fundamental science and characterization of materials. Moir neutron interferometers are candidate next-generation instruments: they offer microscopy-like magnification of the signal, enabling direct camera recording of interference patterns across the full neutron wavelength spectrum. Here we demonstrate the extension of phase-grating moir interferometry to two-dimensional geometries. Our measurements of phase topologies and gravitationally induced phase shifts are in good agreement with theory.
Hu, F. F.*; Qin, T. Y.*; Ao, N.*; Su, Y. H.; Zhou, L.*; 徐 平光; Parker, J. D.*; 篠原 武尚; Chen, J.*; Wu, S. C.*
Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 306, p.110267_1 - 110267_18, 2024/08
被引用回数：4 パーセンタイル：49.39(Mechanics)Non-destructive and quantitative mapping of gradient residual strain distribution in surface-hardened railway S38C axles could provide a positive reference for determining service lifetime and maintenance strategy. To tackle this concern, time-of-flight neutron Bragg-edge transmission imaging was employed by real axle samples with and without impacted crater. A novel and simple procedure to formulate the residual strain field was also developed in this work, with the transmission batch code in Appendix A. By mapping the global two- dimensional residual strains, it can be verified that the residual strains into the axle are uniformly distributed in the hoop direction. Subsequently, it was revealed that the axial and hoop residual strains, respectively in the cylinder and the long strip samples prepared from a real S38C hollow axle, indicated a gradient evolution distribution with a depth of 
8 mm, covering a range of -5500 1000 for axial strains and -6500 1000 for hoop strains. More importantly, the maximum compressive lattice strain of the cylinder sample was increased by 15.61%, and 22.35% at the impacting speeds of 100, and 125 m/s, respectively; and that of the long strip sample increased by 29.17%, and 43.70%, respectively. It can thus be concluded that lattice strains have redistributed around the impact crater, demonstrating the local alteration of the residual strain field. These new findings suggest the localized variation in residual strains should be taken into account while evaluating the service damage evolution of railway axles, especially those affected by high-speed impacts during operation.
Sarenac, D.*; Gorbet, G.*; Kapahi, C.*; Clark, C. W.*; Cory, D. G.*; Ekinci, H.*; Garrad, D. V.*; Henderson, M. E.*; Huber, M. G.*; Hussey, D.*; et al.
Physical Review Research (Internet), 6(2), p.023260_1 - 023260_15, 2024/06
Phase-grating moire interferometers (PGMIs) have emerged as promising candidates for the next generation of neutron interferometry, enabling the use of a polychromatic beam and manifesting interference patterns that can be directly imaged by existing neutron cameras. However, the modeling of the various PGMI configurations is limited to cumbersome numerical calculations and backward propagation models which often do not enable one to explore the setup parameters. Here we generalize the Fresnel scaling theorem to introduce a k-space model for PGMI setups illuminated by a cone beam, thus enabling an intuitive forward propagation model for a wide range of parameters and experimental setups.
-odd/
-odd interactions on the 0.75 eV 
-wave resonance in 
+
forward transmission determined using a pulsed neutron beam中部 倫太郎*; Auton, C. J.*; 遠藤 駿典; 藤岡 宏之*; Gudkov, V.*; 広田 克也*; 井出 郁央*; 猪野 隆*; 石角 元志*; 神原 理*; et al.
Physical Review C, 109(4), p.L041602_1 - L041602_4, 2024/04
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：9.15(Physics, Nuclear)Neutron transmission experiments can offer a new type of highly sensitive search for time-reversal invariance violating (TRIV) effects in nucleon-nucleon interactions via the same enhancement mechanism observed for large parity violating (PV) effects in neutron-induced compound nuclear processes. In these compound processes, the TRIV cross-section is given as the product of the PV cross-section, a spin-factor 
, and a ratio of TRIV and PV matrix elements. We determined to be 0.59 
0.05 for 
La+n using both (n, 
) spectroscopy and (+) transmission. This result quantifies for the first time the high sensitivity of the La 0.75 eV -wave resonance in a future search for -odd/-odd interactions in (+) forward transmission.
-wave resonance of 
+
奥平 琢也*; 中部 倫太郎*; Auton, C. J.*; 遠藤 駿典; 藤岡 宏之*; Gudkov, V.*; 井出 郁央*; 猪野 隆*; 石角 元志*; 神原 理*; et al.
Physical Review C, 109(4), p.044606_1 - 044606_9, 2024/04
被引用回数：2 パーセンタイル：51.65(Physics, Nuclear)We measured the spin dependence in a neutron-induced p-wave resonance by using a polarized epithermal neutron beam and a polarized nuclear target. Our study focuses on the 0.75 eV -wave resonance state of La+n, where largely enhanced parity violation has been observed. We determined the partial neutron width of the -wave resonance by measuring the spin dependence of the neutron absorption cross section between polarized La and polarized neutrons. Our findings serve as a foundation for the quantitative study of the enhancement effect of the discrete symmetry violations caused by mixing between partial amplitudes in the compound nuclei.
渡辺 賢一*; 須貝 優介*; 長谷川 創大*; 人見 啓太朗*; 野上 光博*; 篠原 武尚; Su, Y. H.; Parker, J. D.*; Kockelmann, W.*
Sensors and Materials, 36(1), p.149 - 154, 2024/01
被引用回数：2 パーセンタイル：33.11(Instruments & Instrumentation)Thallium bromide (TlBr) semiconductor detectors are promising candidates for high-detection-efficiency, high-energy-resolution, and room-temperature gamma-ray spectrometers. In this study, we conducted neutron Bragg dip and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) imaging of TlBr crystals to measure the crystal orientation distribution. We confirmed that crystal grains were continuous over a certain distance along the solidification direction for samples fabricated with the current growth procedure.
土川 雄介; 甲斐 哲也; 阿部 雄太; 及川 健一; Parker, J. D.*; 篠原 武尚; 佐藤 一憲
Journal of Physics; Conference Series, 2605, p.012022_1 - 012022_6, 2023/10
中性子断面積の大きいホウ素の面密度分布を、エネルギー分析型中性子イメージングにより取得する方法を開発した。一般に、中性子感度が非常に高い元素の測定では、元素量が多くなると中性子の自己遮蔽効果が無視できず、定量的な測定が困難になる。この効果を回避するために、既知の断面積データを用いたエネルギースペクトル解析を試み、J-PARCの物質・生命科学実験施設において、定量的な二次元イメージング像の取得を実証した。本発表では、一例として福島第一原子力発電所のシビアアクシデントの研究において得られた模擬溶融試験体デブリの測定結果を紹介する。この取り組みは、溶融過程における制御棒からのホウ素の挙動を調査するものである。ホウ素の中性子断面積は、広い範囲で中性子エネルギーの平方根に反比例し、模擬燃料集合体に含まれる他の物質とは大きく異なる。試料の中性子透過率を中性子イメージング検出器で測定し、二次元的なホウ素の面密度分布を得た。同様に、鉄やジルコニウム等比較的感度の低い他元素の面密度分布も導出することを試みた。
大場 洋次郎; 元川 竜平; 金子 耕士; 永井 崇之; 土川 雄介; 篠原 武尚; Parker, J. D.*; 岡本 芳浩
Scientific Reports (Internet), 13, p.10071_1 - 10071_8, 2023/06
被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：66.06(Multidisciplinary Sciences)The spatial distribution of constituent elements in borosilicate glasses containing simulated high-level radioactive liquid waste (HLLW) was investigated using neutron resonance absorption imaging. The resonance absorption dips of Rh, Pd, Na, Gd, Cs, and Sm were detected in the neutron transmission spectra of the glass samples. The neutron transmission images at the resonance energies of these elements provided the spatial distributions within the glass samples. Rh and Pd led sedimentation, while Gd, Sm, and Cs were uniformly dispersed. These results clearly show the potential of neutron resonance absorption imaging for characterizing borosilicate glasses.
伊藤 大介*; 佐藤 博隆*; 大平 直也*; 齊藤 泰司*; Parker, J. D.*; 篠原 武尚; 甲斐 哲也; 及川 健一
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 569, p.153921_1 - 153921_6, 2022/10
被引用回数：7 パーセンタイル：64.72(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)To develop a lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) cooled nuclear reactor, phase transition phenomena of LBE are very important. In the solidification of LBE, the crystalline structure is varied with the cooling process. The volumetric expansion of LBE must be clarified for the safety of an LBE cooled nuclear reactor. The time dependence of the volumetric expansion depends on the crystalline microstructure. In this study, the crystalline microstructure of the LBE samples solidified with the different cooling processes was investigated by the neutron Bragg edge imaging technique. Spatially integrated and local microstructure characteristics of LBE samples were analyzed. Characteristics of preferred orientation of LBE microstructure were clarified.
-P column by neutron resonance absorption imaging宮崎 康典; 渡部 創; 中村 雅弘; 柴田 淳広; 野村 和則; 甲斐 哲也; Parker, J. D.*
JPS Conference Proceedings (Internet), 33, p.011073_1 - 011073_7, 2021/03
中性子共鳴吸収イメージングを、抽出クロマトグラフィに使用するマイナーアクチノイド回収用CMPO/SiO-Pカラムで形成したEu吸着バンドの観測に適用した。軽水や重水で調製した湿潤カラムと乾燥吸着材を充填した乾燥カラムを比較し、中性子透過を評価した。中性子透過スペクトルから、乾燥カラムは45%、軽水調製カラムは20%、重水調製カラムは40%の中性子透過を確認した。得られた結果から、CMPO/SiO-Pカラムに形成したEu吸着バンドを観測するには、重水の使用によって、より鮮明になることを明らかにした。今後、カラム操作による吸着バンドのカラム内移行挙動を明らかにする。
土川 雄介; 阿部 雄太; 大石 佑治*; 甲斐 哲也; 藤 暢輔; 瀬川 麻里子; 前田 亮; 木村 敦; 中村 詔司; 原田 正英; et al.
JPS Conference Proceedings (Internet), 33, p.011074_1 - 011074_6, 2021/03
福島原子力発電所の解体作業では、溶融した燃料棒に含まれるホウ素分布を事前に把握することが重要である。溶融燃料棒の模擬試験体を用意し、ホウ素やホウ化物の含有量を調査する研究が行われてきた。本研究では、その一環として中性子を用いたホウ素並びにホウ化物分布の測定技術開発を行った。ホウ素の中性子吸収に伴う即発ガンマ線を測定し、ホウ素量や二次元分布を測定した。また、n(B,
)反応における478keV線は、ホウ素の化合状態により、線ピークの幅が変化することが知られている。このことを用い、特に溶融燃料棒周辺に存在することが予測されているZrBやFeBといったホウ化物の識別可能性について調査した。測定はJ-PARC/MLFのANNRI, NOBORU, RADENにて行った。これらの解析結果について報告する。
