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齊藤 良佳*; 伊藤 尚美*; 阿部 暁樹*; 山本 知佳*; 松本 ちひろ*; Zhao, T.*; 森山 信彰*; 吉村 和也; 眞田 幸尚; 坪倉 正治*
Journal of Radiological Protection, 46(1), p.013502_1 - 013502_8, 2026/03
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Environmental Sciences)This study reports Japan's implementation of a regulatory framework that enables limited, nonresidential land use in areas where radiation levels remain too high for repopulation following a nuclear accident, focusing on a wind power project in Katsurao Village, Fukushima Prefecture. Katsurao Village establised a multi-stakeholder committee; comprising residents, experts, government authorities, and industry representatives to evaluate dose-reduction measures, access protocols, environmental maintenance, and operational safeguards. The committee identified several unresolved issues, including the absence of standardized monitoring procedures, challenges in managing worker exposure, the need for clear demarcation and communication to prevent unauthorized entry, and mechanisms for transparent reporting in the event of abnormal findings. This case demonstrates both the feasibility and complexity of enabling controlled land use in high-dose areas, underscoring the importance of governance, technical standardization, and sustained risk communication.
SbO
Piyakulworawat, C.*; 森田 克洋*; 福元 好志*; Hsieh, W.-Y.*; Chen, W.-T.*; 中島 健次; 河村 聖子; Zhao, Y.*; Wannapaiboon, S.*; Piyawongwatthana, P.; et al.
Physical Review Research (Internet), 8(1), p.013247_1 - 013247_16, 2026/03
歪んだハニカム化合物CuSbOの中性子非弾性散乱および磁化データを、一次のダイマー展開計算と量子モンテカルロシミュレーションを用いて解析した。これまでに提案されたハニカム格子モデルとは対照的に、この系は相互作用するダイマースピン鎖を有し、鎖に沿って強磁性-反強磁性結合が交互に現れることが示された。さらに、他のCu
ベースの歪んだハニカム磁性体で観測される典型的な結合とは異なり、スピン鎖は、予想される層間の鎖間結合ではなく、主にハニカム層間に生じる反強磁性結合を介して結合する。つまり、CuSbOの磁気結合スキームが異なることが明らかになった。さらに、X線分光法と透過型電子顕微鏡を利用して、化合物の結晶構造と積層欠陥モデルも従来のモデルをより精密化した。
Cr
S
Zhao, G.*; Li, J.*; Zhang, J.*; 小嶋 健児*; Cai, Y.*; 伊藤 孝; Yoon, S. W.*; Wang, X.*; 前川 禎通*; Su, G.*; et al.
Physical Review Research (Internet), 8(1), p.013331_1 - 013331_10, 2026/03
Ferrotoroidic materials, which break both time- and space-reversal symmetries to enhance magnetoelectric responses, are of great interest for applications. BaCrS, a recently synthesized quasi-one-dimensional ferrotoroidic candidate, combines polarization, magnetization, and toroidal moment, yet its electronic band structure, magnetic evolution, and phase transitions remain incompletely understood to date. Here, we investigate BaCrS, using electrical transport, direct current magnetization, alternating current susceptibility, specific heat, and muon spin rotation (
SR) measurements, along with various first-principles calculations. Electrical transport measurements and density functional theory confirm a narrow band gap (
0.707~eV, experimentally; 0.680~eV, theoretically). SR measurements reveal that static magnetism dominates down to 2~K, with an ordered volume fraction of 89% at this temperature. Two distinct transitions are identified: one around the N
el temperature [
~K] and another corresponding to a phase transition near 30~K, as consistently indicated by our complementary experimental techniques. The absence of dynamic critical behaviors and the lack of a 
-type specific heat anomaly are consistent with a first-order-like transition at 
. Based on various complementary experimental results and theoretical calculations, we propose a hypothesis that the 30~K broad feature arises from the complex interplay between crystal structure distortion and magnetic coupling, which is potentially directly linked to ferrotoroidicity. As the first study integrating SR with complementary experiments and first-principles calculations to explore ferrotoroidicity, this work provides key insights into the underlying physics of BaCrS and related compounds in this area.
Hu, Q.*; Wang, Q. M.*; Zhang, T.*; Zhao, C.*; Iltaf, K. H.*; Liu, S. Q.*; 深津 勇太
Energy Reports (Internet), 9, p.3661 - 3682, 2023/12
被引用回数：22 パーセンタイル：70.56(Energy & Fuels)This study evaluates petrophysical properties of representative geological rocks in the context of injectivity, storage space, and caprock integrity for effective utilization and long-term storage of carbon dioxide. A total of 10 geological rocks were selected as representative storage media for consideration as saline aquifers & depleted oil and gas reservoirs, basalts, and cap rocks, as well as utilization in organic-rich shale and coal seams. An integrated suite of laboratory tests, including liquid immersion porosimetry, gas expansion porosimetry, grain size distribution, mercury intrusion porosimetry, and gas diffusion, were performed on these various rock samples. The results exhibit a disparity of petrophysical properties among two broad groups of rocks: rocks selected for possible storage of CO
have porosities of 10-25%, permeabilities of 10
-10
m
, m-sized pore-throat size distribution, and mostly good pore connectivity; in contrast, the potential caprocks have porosities of 0.5-5%, permeabilities of 10
-10
m, pore throat sizes of 
50 nm, and probably poorly connected pore networks. An understanding of the measured facets of pore structure and contribution of fractures is also critical in the context of different testing principles and data interpretation of petrophysical analyses, as well as observational scales in the laboratory and field, and therefore reliable confidence of CO storage and utilization performance. Our work further illustrates the controlling influence of grain size distribution and geological processes on pore size distribution and pore connectivity for a wide range of rock types and lithologies, and particularly presents the extent and behavior of CO gas diffusion with a custom-designed apparatus for a holistic understanding of various petrophysical attributes of widely different geological rocks.
Bao, S.*; Gu, Z.-L.*; Shangguan, Y.*; Huang, Z.*; Liao, J.*; Zhao, X.*; Zhang, B.*; Dong, Z.-Y.*; Wang, W.*; 梶本 亮一; et al.
Nature Communications (Internet), 14, p.6093_1 - 6093_9, 2023/09
被引用回数：37 パーセンタイル：95.18(Multidisciplinary Sciences)Magnon polarons are novel elementary excitations possessing hybrid magnonic and phononic signatures, and are responsible for many exotic spintronic and magnonic phenomena. Despite long-term sustained experimental efforts in chasing for magnon polarons, direct spectroscopic evidence of their existence is hardly observed. Here, we report the direct observation of magnon polarons using neutron spectroscopy on a multiferroic FeMo
O
possessing strong magnon-phonon coupling. Specifically, below the magnetic ordering temperature, a gap opens at the nominal intersection of the original magnon and phonon bands, leading to two separated magnon-polaron bands. Each of the bands undergoes mixing, interconverting and reversing between its magnonic and phononic components. We attribute the formation of magnon polarons to the strong magnon-phonon coupling induced by Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. Intriguingly, we find that the band-inverted magnon polarons are topologically nontrivial. These results uncover exotic elementary excitations arising from the magnon-phonon coupling, and offer a new route to topological states by considering hybridizations between different types of fundamental excitations.
Esser, S. P.*; Rahlff, J.*; Zhao, W.*; Predl, M.*; Plewka, J.*; Sures, K.*; Wimmer, F.*; Lee, J.*; Adam, P. S.*; McGonigle, J.*; et al.
Nature Microbiology (Internet), 8(9), p.1619 - 1633, 2023/09
被引用回数：15 パーセンタイル：81.13(Microbiology)CRISPR-Cas systems defend prokaryotic cells from viruses, plasmids, and other mobile genetic elements. Capitalizing on multi-omics approaches, we show here that the CRISPR-Cas systems of uncultivated archaea also play an integral role in mitigating potentially detrimental interactions with episymbionts. A comprehensive analysis of CRISPR-Cas-based infection histories revealed that uncultivated deep-subsurface archaeal primary-producers defend themselves from archaeal episymbionts of the DPANN superphylum of archaea, some of which are known to fuse their membranes with their host. We show that host cells counter these attacks by deploying one of two CRISPR-Cas systems (type I-B and type III-A) to target and disrupt essential genes in the episymbiont. However, genome-scale modeling of metabolic interactions between two deep subsurface host-symbiont systems revealed that host cells also benefit from the symbionts via metabolic complementation. We speculate that populations of these uncultivated archaeal episymbionts are currently transitioning from a parasitic lifestyle to one of mutualism, as must have occurred in countless mutualistic systems known today. By expanding our analysis to thousands of archaeal genomes, we conclude that CRISPR-Cas mediated resistance to archaeal episymbiosis evolved independently in various archaeal lineages and may be a wide-spread evolutionary phenomenon.
Wu, P.*; 村井 直樹; Li, T.*; 梶本 亮一; 中村 充孝; 古府 麻衣子; 中島 健次; Xia, K.*; Peng, K.*; Zhang, Y.*; et al.
New Journal of Physics (Internet), 25(1), p.013032_1 - 013032_11, 2023/01
被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：26.91(Physics, Multidisciplinary)The understanding of the lattice dynamics is essential for engineering the thermal transport properties in quantum materials. Based on the canonical point of view, acoustic phonons are believed to be the principal thermal carriers in heat flow. Here, in this work, optical phonons are elucidated to play a pivotal role in determining the lattice thermal conductivity in thermoelectric material SnS by using the state-of-the-art inelastic neutron scattering technique combined with first-principles calculations. Additionally, in contrast to acoustic phonons, optical phonons are observed to exhibit pronounced softening and broadening with temperature. Our observations not only shed light on the significance of the optical phonons in thermal transport but also provide a vital clue to suppress the propagation of optical phonons to optimize the thermoelectric performance of SnS.
Wang, Q.*; Hu, Q.*; Zhao, C.*; Yang, X.*; Zhang, T.*; Ilavsky, J.*; Kuzmenko, I.*; Ma, B.*; 舘 幸男
International Journal of Coal Geology, 261, p.104093_1 - 104093_15, 2022/09
被引用回数：16 パーセンタイル：70.32(Energy & Fuels)To understanding the spatial heterogeneity of mineral and pore structure variations in fine-grained shale, microscale X-ray fluorescence (micro-XRF) mapping, (ultra-) small-angle X-ray scattering [(U)SAXS] and wide-angle X-ray scattering were applied for two samples from a piece of Eagle Ford Shale in South Texas. Thin section petrography and field emission-scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), total organic carbon, and pyrolysis were also utilized to investigate the potential spatial heterogeneity of pore types, mineral and organic matter compositions for both samples. Overall, the siliceous-carbonate mineral contents in these carbonate-rich Eagle Ford Shale vary between laminations at mm scales. By analyzing six selected sub-samples on each of two samples with X-ray scattering and XRD techniques, nm-sized pores are mainly interparticle ones in the higher calcite regions, where the porosity is also relatively lower, while the lower calcite regions consist of both interparticle and intraparticle pore types with higher porosity. Finally, the micro-XRF and (U)SAXS are combined to generate porosity distribution maps to provide more insights about its heterogeneity related to the laminations and fractures at our observational scales.
K
(Zn
Mn
)As studied by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering鈴木 博人*; Zhao, G.*; 岡本 淳*; 坂本 祥哉*; Chen, Z.-Y.*; 野中 洋亮*; 芝田 悟朗; Zhao, K.*; Chen, B.*; Wu, W.-B.*; et al.
Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 91(6), p.064710_1 - 064710_5, 2022/06
被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：44.80(Physics, Multidisciplinary)The magnetic properties and the electronic excitations of the new diluted magnetic semiconductor BaK(ZnMn)As have been studied by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS). The sum rule analysis of the XMCD spectra indicates that the Mn atoms are in the high-spin configurations of 
, whereas the presence of competing ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions between the Mn ions reduces the net spin moment. Based on a comparison of the RIXS line shapes with those of GaMnAs, it is concluded that the ground state of Mn in BaK(ZnMn)As consists of both the 
and 
electron configurations.
Zhao, Y.*; Suzuki, T.*; Iimori, T.*; Kim, H.-W.*; Ahn, J. R.*; 堀尾 眞史*; 佐藤 祐輔*; 深谷 有喜; Kanai, T.*; Okazaki, K.*; et al.
Physical Review B, 105(11), p.115304_1 - 115304_8, 2022/03
被引用回数：2 パーセンタイル：10.38(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)本研究では、時間・角度分解光電子分光を用いて、SiC基板上に作製したグラフェン層におけるキャリアダイナミクスについて調べた。光ポンピング後の準結晶グラフェンのディラックバンドでは、電子ドーピングに層依存性が観測された。また、光誘起キャリア輸送量は基板からの距離に依存することがわかった。フラット基板及びステップ基板上の単層グラフェンの結果から、キャリアの生成源は界面のステップ状態に由来することがわかった。本メカニズムは、密度汎関数計算による電子構造を基にした動的モデルにより記述できる。
Wang, Y.*; Jia, G.*; Cui, X.*; Zhao, X.*; Zhang, Q.*; Gu, L.*; Zheng, L.*; Li, L. H.*; Wu, Q.*; Singh, D. J.*; et al.
Chem, 7(2), p.436 - 449, 2021/02
被引用回数：361 パーセンタイル：99.74(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)Nanozymes are promising alternatives to natural enzymes, but their use remains limited owing to poor specificity. Overcoming this is extremely challenging due to the intrinsic structural complexity of these systems. We report theoretical design and experimental realization of a series of heterogeneous molybdenum single-atom nanozymes (named Mo
-N
-C), wherein we find that the peroxidase-like specificity is well regulated by the coordination numbers of single Mo sites. The resulting Mo-N-C catalyst shows exclusive peroxidase-like behavior. It achieves this behavior via a homolytic pathway, whereas Mo-N-C and Mo-N
-C catalysts have a different heterolytic pathway. The mechanism of this coordination-number-dependent enzymatic specificity is attributed to geometrical structure differences and orientation relationships of the frontier molecular orbitals.
He, H.*; Naeem, M.*; Zhang, F.*; Zhao, Y.*; Harjo, S.; 川崎 卓郎; Wang, B.*; Wu, X.*; Lan, S.*; Wu, Z.*; et al.
Nano Letters, 21(3), p.1419 - 1426, 2021/02
被引用回数：111 パーセンタイル：97.49(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)In CrCoNi, a so-called medium-entropy alloy, an fcc-to-hcp phase transformation has long been anticipated. Here, we report an in situ loading study with neutron diffraction, which revealed a bulk fcc-to-hcp phase transformation in CrCoNi at 15 K under tensile loading. By correlating deformation characteristics of the fcc phase with the development of the hcp phase, it is shown that the nucleation of the hcp phase was triggered by intrinsic stacking faults. The confirmation of a bulk phase transformation adds to the myriads of deformation mechanisms available in CrCoNi, which together underpin the unusually large ductility at low temperatures.
-MgAgSbLi, X.*; Liu, P.-F.*; Zhao, E.*; Zhang, Z.*; Guide, T.*; Le, M. D.*; Avdeev, M.*; 池田 一貴*; 大友 季哉*; 古府 麻衣子; et al.
Nature Communications (Internet), 11, p.942_1 - 942_9, 2020/02
被引用回数：84 パーセンタイル：94.13(Multidisciplinary Sciences)高性能の熱電材料実現には低熱伝導率が必要であり、その機構としてはフォノンの非調和によるもの、あるいは、結晶構造の動的な乱れによるフォノンの散乱によるものがあげられ、どちらも中性子散乱でその現象が明らかにされている。我々は中性子散乱と第一原理計算を組み合わせ、-MgAgSbにおいて、静的な結晶構造の乱れとフォノンの非調和性が組み合わされて極端に低い熱伝導率が実現されているということを見いだしたので、これを報告する。
GeWo, H.*; Wang, Q.*; Shen, Y.*; Zhang, X.*; Hao, Y.*; Feng, Y.*; Shen, S.*; He, Z.*; Pan, B.*; Wang, W.*; et al.
Physical Review Letters, 122(21), p.217003_1 - 217003_5, 2019/05
被引用回数：9 パーセンタイル：50.63(Physics, Multidisciplinary)We report neutron scattering measurements of single-crystalline YFeGe in the normal state, which has the same crystal structure as the 122 family of iron pnictide superconductors. YFeGe does not exhibit long-range magnetic order but exhibits strong spin fluctuations. Like the iron pnictides, YFeGe displays anisotropic stripe-type antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations at (
). More interesting, however, is the observation of strong spin fluctuations at the in-plane ferromagnetic wave vector (
). These ferromagnetic spin fluctuations are isotropic in the (
) plane, whose intensity exceeds that of stripe spin fluctuations. Both the ferromagnetic and stripe spin fluctuations remain gapless down to the lowest measured energies. Our results naturally explain the absence of magnetic order in YFeGe and also imply that the ferromagnetic correlations may be a key ingredient for iron-based materials.
TAs (
= Co,Ni)Tam, D. M.*; Song, Y.*; Man, H.*; Cheung, S. C.*; Yin, Z.*; Lu, X.*; Wang, W.*; Frandsen, B. A.*; Liu, L.*; Gong, Z.*; et al.
Physical Review B, 95(6), p.060505_1 - 060505_6, 2017/02
被引用回数：24 パーセンタイル：65.86(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)We use neutron diffraction and muon spin relaxation to study the effect of in-plane uniaxial pressure on the antiferromagnetic (AF) orthorhombic phase in BaFeTAs and its Co- and Ni-substituted members near optimal superconductivity. In the low-temperature AF ordered state, uniaxial pressure necessary to detwin the orthorhombic crystals also increases the magnetic ordered moment, reaching an 11% increase under 40 MPa for BaFe
Co
As, and a 15% increase for BaFe
Ni
As. We also observe an increase of the AF ordering temperature (
) of about 0.25 K/MPa in all compounds, consistent with density functional theory calculations that reveal better Fermi surface nesting for itinerant electrons under uniaxial pressure. The doping dependence of the magnetic ordered moment is captured by combining dynamical mean field theory with density functional theory, suggesting that the pressure-induced moment increase near optimal superconductivity is closely related to quantum fluctuations and the nearby electronic nematic phase.
Ghobadi, A. F.*; Letteri, R.*; Parelkar, S. S.*; Zhao, Y.; Chan-Seng, D.*; Emrick, T.*; Jayaraman, A.*
Biomacromolecules, 17(2), p.546 - 557, 2016/02
被引用回数：20 パーセンタイル：60.23(Biochemistry & Molecular Biology)We report the effect of embedding zwitterionic sulfobetaine (SB) groups in cationic comb polymers on polymer-DNA binding complexes (polyplexes), using a combination of experiments and molecular simulations. Ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) produced comb polymers with tetralysine (K4) and SB pendent groups. Dynamic light scattering, zeta potential measurements, and fluorescence-based experiments, together with coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations, described the effect of SB groups on the size, shape, surface charge, composition, and DNA binding strength of polyplexes formed using these comb polymers. Experiments and simulations showed that increasing SB composition in the comb polymers decreased polymer-DNA binding strength, while the SB groups distributed throughout the polyplex. This allows polyplexes to maintain a positive surface charge and provide high levels of gene expression in live cells.
Widmann, M.*; Lee, S.-Y.*; Rendler, T.*; Son, N. T.*; Fedder, H.*; Paik, S.*; Yang, L.-P.*; Zhao, N.*; Yang, S.*; Booker, I.*; et al.
Nature Materials, 14(2), p.164 - 168, 2015/02
被引用回数：579 パーセンタイル：99.64(Chemistry, Physical)Single silicon vacancy (V
) in silicon carbide (SiC) was studied from the point of view of single photon source for quantum computing. The V centers were created in high purity semi-insulating hexagonal (4H)-SiC by 2 MeV electron irradiation with fluences up to 5
10
/cm. No subsequent annealing was carried out. A couple of solid immersion lens (SIL) with 20 m diameter were created on samples by ion milling using 40 keV Ga focused ion beam. A typical home-built confocal setup was used after optimizing for emission in the wavelength range around 900 nm. As a result, optically detected electron spin resonance (ODMR) for V was observed at room temperature (RT). Using ODMR, Rabi oscillations were also observed, and the Rabi frequency increased with increasing applied-magnetic field. In addition, spin relaxation time T
and T were detected to be 500 s and 160 s, respectively.
H and HL transitions三木 一弘; Diamond, P. H.*; Fedorczak, N.*; G
rcan, 
. D.*; Malkov, M.*; Lee, C.*; 小菅 祐輔*; Tynan, G. R.*; Xu, G. S.*; Estrada, T.*; et al.
Nuclear Fusion, 53(7), p.073044_1 - 073044_10, 2013/07
被引用回数：26 パーセンタイル：69.95(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)LH, HL遷移の理解はITER運用の成否に重要である。この論文で我々は新たな理論モデル研究を紹介して、遷移の時空間ダイナミクスを調べる。ここで帯状流の役割、そしてダイナミクスと輸送しきい値の間にあるマクロとミクロの接続について強調する。モデルは5場で、簡略化された座標系で、時間と1次元の空間発展を解く。この論文の内容は次の通りである。(a)モデルの基礎方程式とLIH遷移の時空間発展、(b)
Bドリフトの非対称性で輸送しきい値が変化することの物理的な説明、(c)熱雪崩現象がLIH遷移のしきい値変位に与える影響、(d)HL逆遷移のダイナミクスとヒステリシスの物理。
/SrTiO (110) interfaceAnnadi, A.*; Zhang, Q.*; Renshaw Wang, X.*; Tuzla, N.*; Gopinadhan, K.*; L, W. M.*; Roy Barman, A.*; Liu, Z. Q.*; Srivastava, A.*; Saha, S.*; et al.
Nature Communications (Internet), 4, p.1838_1 - 1838_7, 2013/05
被引用回数：106 パーセンタイル：94.34(Multidisciplinary Sciences)We report the observation of unexpected conductivity at the LaAlO/SrTiO interface prepared on (110)-oriented SrTiO, with a LaAlO-layer thickness-dependent metal-insulator transition. Density functional theory calculation reveals that electronic reconstruction, and thus conductivity, is still possible at this (110) interface by considering the energetically favourable (110) interface structure, that is, buckled TiO/LaO, in which the polarization discontinuity is still present. The conductivity was further found to be strongly anisotropic along the different crystallographic directions with potential for anisotropic superconductivity and magnetism, leading to possible new physics and applications.
Zhang, J.*; Zhao, Y.*; Hixson, R. S.*; Gray III, G. T.*; Wang, L.*; 内海 渉; 齋藤 寛之; 服部 高典
Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 69(10), p.2559 - 2563, 2008/10
被引用回数：34 パーセンタイル：74.90(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)The phase transformations of titanium metal have been studied at temperatures and pressures up to 973 K and 8.7 GPa using synchrotron X-ray diffraction. An update, more accurate phase diagram is established for Ti metal based on the present observations and previous constraints on the -
and 
- phase boundaries.
