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寺阪 祐太; 佐藤 優樹; 瓜谷 章*
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 1062, p.169227_1 - 169227_6, 2024/05
We have developed a new position-sensitive optical fiber radiation sensor that achieves single-end readout and high dose rate application. The sensor determines the incident position of radiation on the optical fiber by using the wavelength dependency of light attenuation within the fiber. Through the analysis of the output wavelength spectrum from the fiber end, the incident position of radiation on the optical fiber can be inversely estimated using the spectrum unfolding procedure. Using this optical fiber sensor, we conducted a measurement of radiation distribution inside the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS). The actual trend of incident position of radiation was successfully reproduced in a high dose rate area, with a maximum dose rate exceeding 100 mSv/h. This validates the effectiveness of our new position-sensitive optical fiber radiation sensor.
森下 祐樹; 宮村 浩子; 佐藤 優樹; 大浦 正利*
Radiation Measurements, 171, p.107064_1 - 107064_7, 2024/02
アルファおよびベータ汚染位置の検出は、核施設の除染にとって重要である。廃炉現場の高線量率環境では、作業員による直接の汚染測定は困難である。そこで、新しいシンチレータベースの検出器を用いた遠隔自動汚染測定システムを開発した。50mm厚さ100mのYAlO(Ce)(YAP:Ce)シンチレータにフラットパネル型マルチアノード光電子増倍管を結合させた。検出器はロボットの下部に下向きに設置された。エネルギー測定機能があり、エネルギー測定によりアルファ粒子とベータ粒子およびRnアルファ粒子を識別できる。エネルギー情報を使用すると、アルファ粒子とベータ粒子を同時に識別し、マッピングすることができる。さらに、ゆっくりと動くロボットを使用すると、1回の測定で統計的に十分なカウントを取得できるため、アルファ粒子のみを使用して表面汚染密度を評価できる。遠隔自動汚染測定システムは、作業員が立ち入ることができない環境における汚染分布の可視化に役立つ。
佐藤 優樹; 寺阪 祐太
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 60(8), p.1013 - 1026, 2023/08
被引用回数:1 パーセンタイル:98.49(Nuclear Science & Technology)The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS) suffered a meltdown in the aftermath of the large tsunami caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake that occurred on 11 March 2011. A massive amount of radioactive substance was spread over a wide area both inside and outside the FDNPS site. In this study, we present an approach for visualizing a radioactive hotspot on a standby gas-treatment system filter train, a highly contaminated piece of equipment in the air-conditioning room of the Unit 2 reactor building of FDNPS, using radiation imaging based on a Compton camera. In addition to fixed-point measurements using only the Compton camera, data acquisition while moving using an integrated Radiation Imaging System (iRIS), which combines a Compton camera with a simultaneous localization and mapping device and a survey meter, enabled the three-dimensional visualization of the hotspot location on the filter train. In addition, we visualized the hotspot and quantitatively evaluated its radioactivity. Notably, the visualized hotspot location and estimated radioactivity value are consistent with the accident investigation report of the FDNPS. Finally, the extent to which the radioactivity increased the ambient dose equivalent rate in the surrounding environment was explored.
佐藤 優樹
Isotope News, (781), p.19 - 23, 2022/06
福島第一原子力発電所(1F)事故により1Fサイト内外に飛散・沈着した放射性物質の分布を3次元的に可視化するために、放射性物質可視化カメラであるコンプトンカメラに、3次元測域センサを基盤とした環境認識デバイスやドローンを組み合わせることによる放射線イメージングシステムを開発した。本稿では、放射性物質の分布を3次元的に可視化する手法についてその原理を説明するとともに、1Fサイト内ならびに帰還困難区域におけるホットスポット可視化の実証例を紹介する。
佐藤 優樹; 寺阪 祐太
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 59(6), p.677 - 687, 2022/06
被引用回数:14 パーセンタイル:95.26(Nuclear Science & Technology)The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS) went into meltdown after being hit by a large tsunami caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011. Measuring and understanding the distribution of radioactive contamination inside the FDNPS is essential for decommissioning work, reducing exposure to workers, and ensuring decontamination. This paper reports the visualization tests of radioactive contamination in the Unit 1/2 exhaust stack of the FDNPS using a compact Compton camera. Fixed-point measurements were conducted using only a Compton camera and moving measurements using an integrated radiation imaging system (iRIS) that combines a Compton camera with a simultaneous localization and mapping device. For the moving measurements, an operator carrying the iRIS acquires data continuously while walking in a passage near the stack. With both types of measurements, high-intensity contamination was detected at the base of the stack, and detailed three-dimensional (3D) visualization of the contamination was obtained from the moving measurement. The fixed-point measurements estimated the source intensity of the contamination from the reconstructed contamination image acquired by the Compton camera. Furthermore, workers can experience the work environment before actual work by importing a 3D structure model into a virtual reality system displaying the contamination image.
佐藤 優樹
検査技術, 27(5), p.9 - 15, 2022/05
福島第一原子力発電所サイト内に飛散・沈着した放射性物質の分布を3次元的に可視化する統合型放射線イメージングシステム(iRIS)について、その原理と実証例を紹介する。
鳥居 建男*; 眞田 幸尚; 佐藤 優樹
日本原子力学会誌ATOMO, 64(1), p.17 - 22, 2022/01
福島第一原子力発電所の事故から10年が経過した。事故により福島第一原子力発電所建物やサイト内だけでなく環境中にも広く放射性物質が拡散沈着したことから、事故発生直後より放射線源の空間分布を直感的に把握できる放射線源の可視化への要求が高まり、環境中における放射線分布のマッピングやガンマカメラと呼ばれる放射線のイメージング装置の投入と開発が進められてきた。ここでは、事故後に開発され運用されてきた放射線分布の計測技術について紹介するとともに、今後の展望について述べる。
持丸 貴則*; 小泉 光生; 高橋 時音; 弘中 浩太; 木村 祥紀; 佐藤 優樹; 寺阪 祐太; 山西 弘城*; 若林 源一郎*
第42回日本核物質管理学会年次大会会議論文集(インターネット), 4 Pages, 2021/11
日本原子力研究開発機構では、文部科学省核セキュリティ強化等補助事業の下、大規模公共イベント等において、核・放射性物質を用いたテロ行為等を未然に防ぐため、イベント会場にそれらが持ち込まれた場合に迅速に検知するための技術・装置の開発を目的とし、広域における放射性物質検知技術開発を4年計画で進めている。本講演では、プロジェクトの概要を説明するとともに、技術開発の進捗状況を一部紹介する。
佐藤 優樹; 峯本 浩二郎*; 根本 誠*; 鳥居 建男
Journal of Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science, 7(4), p.042003_1 - 042003_12, 2021/10
Technology for measuring and identifying the positions and distributions of radioactive substances is important for decommissioning work sites at nuclear power stations. A three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction method that locates radioactive substances by integrating Structure-from-Motion (SfM) with a Compton camera (a type of gamma-ray imager) has been developed. From the photographs captured while freely moving in an experimental environment, a 3D structural model of the experimental environment was created. By projecting the radioactive substance image acquired by the Compton camera on the 3D structural model, the positions of the radioactive substance were visualized in 3D space. In a demonstration study, the Cs-radiation source was successfully visualized in the experimental environment captured by the freely moving cameras. In addition, how the imaging accuracy is affected by uncertainty in the self-localization of the Compton camera processed by SfM, and by positional uncertainty in the gamma-ray incidence determined by the sensors of the Compton camera was investigated. The created map depicts the positions of radioactive substances inside radiation work environments, such as decommissioning work sites at nuclear power stations.
北山 佳治; 寺阪 祐太; 佐藤 優樹; 鳥居 建男
Journal of Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science, 7(4), p.042006_1 - 042006_7, 2021/10
Gamma-ray imaging is a technique to visualize the spatial distribution of radioactive materials. Recently, gamma-ray imaging has been applied to research on decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS) accident and environmental restoration, and active research has been conducted. This study is the elemental technology study of the new gamma-ray imager GISAS (Gamma-ray Imager using Small-Angle Scattering), which is assumed to be applied to the decommissioning site of FDNPS. GISAS consists of a set of directional gamma-ray detectors that do not require a shield. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of the shield free directional gamma-ray detector by simulation. The simulation result suggests that by measuring several keV of scattered electron energy by scatterer detector, gamma rays with ultra-small angle scattering could be selected. By using Compton scattering kinematics, a shield-free detector with directivity of about 10 could be feasible. By arranging the directional gamma-ray detectors in an array, it is expected to realize the GISAS, which is small, light, and capable of quantitative measurement.
寺阪 祐太; 渡辺 賢一*; 瓜谷 章*; 山崎 淳*; 佐藤 優樹; 鳥居 建男; 若井田 育夫
Journal of Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science, 7(4), p.042002_1 - 042002_7, 2021/10
福島第一原子力発電所原子炉建物内の高線量率環境での線源分布測定への応用を目指し、波長スペクトルのアンフォールディング処理に基づく光ファイバーを用いた新しい一次元放射線分布測定法を開発した。開発した手法は光ファイバー内を伝搬する光の減衰量が波長依存であることを利用して、光ファイバー端から出力された波長スペクトルをアンフォールディングすることにより、光ファイバーへの放射線の入射位置を逆推定するというものである。この手法は光強度の積分値を利用するため、パルスカウンティングを行う放射線検出器を使用した場合に高線量率環境下で発生する計数損失や信号パイルアップの問題を回避することができる。本研究では紫外光源とSr/Y放射線源を用いた基礎実験を行い、線源位置検出の基本特性を確認した。
佐藤 優樹; 峯本 浩二郎*; 根本 誠*
Radiation Measurements, 142, p.106557_1 - 106557_6, 2021/03
被引用回数:2 パーセンタイル:32.89(Nuclear Science & Technology)It is important to visualize radioactive substances' position and distribution and estimate their radioactivity levels to reduce the exposure dose of workers in radioactive areas (such as decommissioning worksites of nuclear power stations) and improve nuclear security functions. To visualize the radioactive substance's three-dimensional (3D) location, a directional radiation detector with a cylindrical shield on a simple single-pixel gamma-ray detector was applied to the structure from motion (SfM) technology using an ordinary digital camera. Verification was performed by a system that combines SfM with a CdTe sensor probe having narrow directivity. Am radiation source's position was visualized by drawing the radiation source's image acquired by the gamma-ray detector on the work area 3D model reconstructed through SfM. Furthermore, as SfM is a simultaneous localization and mapping technology, the system measures the gamma rays while measuring the gamma-ray detector's dynamic position and posture information. The measurements can be acquired while the gamma-ray detector is freely moving in the work area. These methods visualized the radiation source's position and quantitatively estimated the radiation source's radioactivity.
佐藤 優樹; 峯本 浩二郎*; 根本 誠*; 鳥居 建男
Journal of Instrumentation (Internet), 16(1), p.P01020_1 - P01020_18, 2021/01
被引用回数:1 パーセンタイル:9.76(Instruments & Instrumentation)To reduce the exposure doses of workers and to establish decontamination plans, it is important to understand and visualize the distribution of radioactive substances at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station in Japan, where an accident occurred on the 11th of March, 2011. In this decommissioning work environment, radioactive substances adhered to various objects, such as rubble and equipment, and it was necessary to visualize the distribution of these contaminants in all three dimensions. The technology used to automatically and remotely acquire data to visualize the distribution of radioactive substances in three dimensions was useful for reducing the exposure dose of the workers and to shorten the survey time. We constructed an automatic data acquisition system that consisted of a Compton camera and a 3D-light detection and ranging sensor mounted on an autonomously moving robot. We also evaluated the system feasibility using radiation sources and succeeded in automatically acquiring the data required for visualizing the radiation sources. For this data acquisition, the operator did not need to operate the system after the measurements were started. The effects of the imaging parameters of the Compton camera and the accuracy of the self-position estimation of the system on the radiation-imaging accuracy are also discussed.
佐藤 優樹; 寺阪 祐太; 鳥居 建男
日本原子力学会誌ATOMO, 62(11), p.645 - 649, 2020/11
東京電力ホールディングス福島第一原子力発電所の廃炉作業を円滑に進めるにあたり、作業環境に飛散・沈着した放射性物質の分布を「見える化」して把握することは、作業者の被ばく線量の低減や詳細な作業計画の立案を行う上で重要である。ここではわれわれが福島第一原子力発電所やその周辺で行なってきた放射線イメージング技術の開発及び現場における実証例を紹介する。
佐藤 優樹; 峯本 浩二郎*; 根本 誠*; 鳥居 建男
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 976, p.164286_1 - 164286_6, 2020/10
被引用回数:12 パーセンタイル:88.35(Instruments & Instrumentation)The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS), operated by Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc., experienced a meltdown as a result of a large tsunami caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011. At that time, it was necessary to understand the aspects of the decommissioning working environment inside the FDNPS, such as establishing how the radioactive substances were distributed across the site, for work to be done efficiently without exposure to large amounts of radiation. Therefore, virtual reality (VR) emerged as a solution. There have been previous reports done on a technique for visualizing the distribution of radioactive substances in three dimensions utilizing a freely moving gamma-ray imager combined with simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) technology. In this paper, we introduce imaging technologies for the acquisition of image data from radioactive substances and three-dimensional (3D) structural models of the working environment, using a freely moving gamma-ray imager combined with SLAM technology. For this research, we also constructed a VR system and displayed the 3D data in a VR space, which enables users to experience the actual working environment without radiation exposure. In creating the VR system, any user can implement this method by donning an inexpensive head-mounted display apparatus and using a free, or low-cost, application software.
佐藤 優樹; 鳥居 建男
Nuclear Technology, 206(7), p.v - xvi, 2020/07
被引用回数:2 パーセンタイル:24.76(Nuclear Science & Technology)The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS) suffered a meltdown as a result of a large tsunami triggered by the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011. Understanding the distribution of radioactive substances inside the FDNPS is essential to execute appropriate decommissioning tasks. In this paper, we propose method for visualizing three-dimensional (3D) images of radioactive substances as a point cloud data (PCD) and integrating these data into 3D environment models. To demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed methods, a Compton camera was first employed to capture 3D images of radiation sources. The resulting PCD were then integrated into a 3D environment model of a measurement area acquired using the 3D light detection and ranging (LiDAR). This allowed in successful construction of a map to visually recognize the positions of radiation sources.
佐藤 優樹; 鳥居 建男
Nuclear Technology, 206(7), P. 1095, 2020/07
被引用回数:0 パーセンタイル:20(Nuclear Science & Technology)The authors have requested the retraction of their article due to an identified defect in the Compton camera software, which resulted in an incorrect output value for the interaction position of the gamma rays in the sensor of the camera. It is expected that the experimental results may not change significantly with the bug correction; however, many figures would need to be replaced. The authors may seek a separate publication of an updated manuscript in the future.
佐藤 優樹; 小澤 慎吾*; 寺阪 祐太; 峯本 浩二郎*; 田村 智志*; 新宮 一駿*; 根本 誠*; 鳥居 建男
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 57(6), p.734 - 744, 2020/06
被引用回数:18 パーセンタイル:93.26(Nuclear Science & Technology)The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, operated by Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc., suffered a meltdown as a result of a large tsunami triggered by the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011. To proceed with the environmental recovery by decontamination, drawing a radiation distribution map that can indicate the distribution of radioactive substances is extremely important to establish detailed decontamination plans. We developed a remote radiation imaging system consisting of a lightweight Compton camera and a multi-copter drone to remotely measure the distribution of the radioactive substances. This system can perform radiation imaging using a Compton camera while flying and moving. In addition, it is also possible to draw the distribution of radioactive substances three-dimensionally by projecting the radiation image measured with the Compton camera on a three-dimensional topography model separately acquired by a 3D-LiDAR. We conducted a survey of radioactive hotspots in difficult-to-return zone in the coastal area of Fukushima, Japan. The drone system succeeded in three-dimensional visualization of several hotspots deposited on the ground. Such remote technology would be useful not only for monitoring the difficult-to-return zone, but also for monitoring distribution of radioactive substances inside the site of the FDNPS where decommissioning work is ongoing.
寺阪 祐太; 渡辺 賢一*; 瓜谷 章*; 山崎 淳*; 佐藤 優樹; 鳥居 建男; 若井田 育夫
Proceedings of International Youth Nuclear Congress 2020 (IYNC 2020) (Internet), 4 Pages, 2020/05
For the application in the measurement of the high dose rate hot spots inside the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station buildings, we propose a wavelength-resolved type one-dimensional radiation distribution sensing method using plastic scintillating fiber (PSF). The proposing method estimates the incident position of radiation to the PSF by the unfolding of the wavelength spectrum output from the fiber edge using the fact that the attenuation length of scintillating light depends on the wavelength. By measuring the response function in advance, which defined as the wavelength spectrum measured at the fiber edge by the spectrometer with every transmission distance, the spectrum which can obtain when measured a certain radiation distribution can be expressed as the convolution of the response function. This method can avoid the problem of chance coincidence effect and signal pile-up, which occurs in the radiation detector with pulse counting mode under high dose rate field because this method measures the integrated light intensity. Through basic experiment using the ultraviolet irradiation source and Sr point source, basic properties of inverse estimation of irradiated position were confirmed, which showed that source position was reasonably estimated using the response function which obtained by the ultraviolet irradiation source in advance.
北山 佳治; 寺阪 祐太; 佐藤 優樹; 鳥居 建男
Proceedings of International Youth Nuclear Congress 2020 (IYNC 2020) (Internet), 4 Pages, 2020/05
At the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS), various works are under-way for decommissioning. Depending on work places, there are radioactive hotspot. Therefore measuring the position of the hotspot in advance is important for safety of the worker. The system that can easily measure the dose rate distribution in work place has been demanded. There are two methods for imaging a dose rate distribution: a pinhole camera and a Compton camera. A pinhole camera can determine direction of radiation source in one event, but the weight becomes heavy because a shield is required. On the other hand, since the Compton camera does not require a shield, it can be reduced in the size and weight. However, Compton imaging method generate many ghosts of cone traces, which reduce the signal-to-noise ratio. We propose a new gamma-ray imager that works like a pinhole camera without a shield. This is achieved by arranging directional gamma ray detectors that does not require a shield. In this work, we have performed principle verification of a directional gamma-ray detector that is a basic component of the new gamma-ray imager by using Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation.