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O/HO vapor generator for contrast-variation neutron scattering有馬 寛*; 高田 慎一; 笠井 聡*; 大内 啓一*; 森川 利明*; 宮田 登*; 宮崎 司*; 青木 裕之; 岩瀬 裕希*; 廣井 孝介; et al.
Journal of Applied Crystallography, 56(6), p.1802 - 1812, 2023/12
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.02(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)The contrast-variation technique in neutron scattering experiments plays a pivotal role in distinguishing partial structures within multi-component complexes, facilitating the elucidation of distinct sample constituents. This differentiation is achieved using different isotopes, namely hydrogen and deuterium, which possess varying neutron scattering characteristics. This study presents a novel vapor generator designed for neutron scattering experiments, enabling continuous control of the DO/HO ratio of the vapor. This feature is especially useful for contrast-variation studies. The generator features two saturators and four mass flow controllers, allowing for the rapid and independent generation of DO/HO vapors. Additionally, the incorporation of the two-temperature method ensures accurate dew point control within a margin of 
0.2
Cdp. This setup proves useful for conducting time-resolved experiments and can accelerate research on functional polymers, such as polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cells, where water potential assumes critical importance.
柴田 基樹*; 中西 洋平*; 阿部 淳*; 有馬 寛*; 岩瀬 裕希*; 柴山 充弘*; 元川 竜平; 熊田 高之; 高田 慎一; 山本 勝宏*; et al.
Polymer Journal, 55(11), p.1165 - 1170, 2023/11
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：51.7(Polymer Science)Marine ecosystem degradation due to micro plastics is a significant environmental problem, as acknowledged by Sustainable Development Goal 14. Decomposition of plastics using near critical or supercritical water is one of the promising methods to reduce micro plastics. To attain the optimization of the method for improving environmental friendliness, it is necessary to clarify the structural change of materials during the process. We, thus, investigated the decomposition processes of polystyrene particles dispersed in deuterated water (D
O) during heating under near critical or supercritical conditions by using in situ small-angle neutron scattering. Under subcritical conditions, the PS particles were swollen by DO due to increased compatibility with temperature. Near the critical point in subcritical conditions, the cleavage of PS chains in the particles occurred, so that the swollen ratio was much enhanced though the PS particles kept their shapes. In a supercritical condition, the PS particles were degraded into oil including oligomers or monomers and the phase-separated structures with styrene-rich and DO-rich regions.
安岡 由美*; 藤田 博喜; 辻 智也; 辻口 貴清*; 佐々木 道也*; 宮崎 寛之*; 橋間 俊*; 保田 浩志*; 嶋田 和真; 廣田 誠子*
保健物理(インターネット), 57(3), p.146 - 155, 2022/12
本報告は、2022年6月28日と29日の2日間にわたり開催された日本保健物理学会(JHPS)の2022年度企画シンポジウムの概要について報告するものである。なお、今回の企画シンポジウムはオンライン会場を主としつつも、希望者が集まって顔を合わせながら接続できる会場が設置されるハイブリッド開催の運びとなり、対面の良さとオンラインの手軽さの両方の利点を上手く活かせたシンポジウムであった。
下北 啓輔*; 山本 勝宏*; 宮田 登*; 有馬 寛*; 中西 洋平*; 竹中 幹人*; 柴田 基樹*; 山田 悟史*; 瀬戸 秀樹*; 青木 裕之; et al.
Langmuir, 38(41), p.12457 - 12465, 2022/10
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)We measured the neutron reflectivity (NR) of isotactic polypropylene (PP) thin films deposited on Si substrates modified by hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) at the saturated vapor pressure of deuterated water at 25C and 60C/85% RH to investigate the effect of HMDS on the interfacial water accumulation in PP-based polymer/inorganic filler nanocomposites and metal/resin bonding materials. We found that the amount of water accumulated at the PP/Si interface decreased with increasing immersion time of the Si substrate in a solution of HMDS in hexane prior to PP film deposition. During the immersion of the Si substrate, the HMDS molecules were deposited on the Si substrate as a monolayer without aggregation. Furthermore, the coverage of the HMDS monolayer on the Si substrate increased with increasing immersion time. At 60C and 85% RH, only a slight amount of interfacial water was detected after HMDS treatment for 1200 min. As a result, the maximum concentration of interfacial water was reduced to 0.1 from 0.3, where the latter corresponds to the PP film deposited on the untreated substrate.
宮崎 司*; 宮田 登*; 有馬 寛*; 吉良 弘*; 大内 啓一*; 笠井 聡*; 津村 佳弘*; 青木 裕之
Langmuir, 37(32), p.9873 - 9882, 2021/08
被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：38.19(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)We investigated the structure of the crystalline adsorption layer of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) in hot water by neutron reflectivity in two cases: when the adsorption layer is exposed on the substrate by leaching the upper bulk layer and when it is deeply embedded between a relatively thick PVA film and substrate. In both cases, the PVA adsorption layer consists of three layers on the Si substrate. The bottom layer, consisting of amorphous chains that are strongly constrained on the substrate, is not swollen even in hot water at 90C. The middle layer, consisting of amorphous chains that are much more mobile compared with those in the bottom layer, has no freedom to assume a crystalline form. Only the molecular chains in the top layer are crystallizable in the adsorption layer, leading to a heterogeneous layered structure in the film thickness direction. This layered structure is attributed to the crystallizable chains of PVA during the formation of the adsorption layer driven by hydrogen bonding. However, the structure and dynamics in the adsorption layer may differ in both cases because the molecular chains in the vicinity of the surface seem to be affected by surface effects even in the adsorption layer.
有馬 寛*; 宮田 登*; 吉田 鉄生*; 笠井 聡*; 大内 啓一*; Zhang, S.*; 宮崎 司*; 青木 裕之
Review of Scientific Instruments, 91(10), p.104103_1 - 104103_7, 2020/10
被引用回数：9 パーセンタイル：56.16(Instruments & Instrumentation)We developed a novel humidity control system for neutron reflectivity measurements based on the two-way gas-flow method that can generate up to 85% relative humidity (RH) within a temperature range of 5-85C. The system consists of a gas-flow-type humidity generator and a thermostatic sample chamber, each of which can independently control the temperature. The key features include rapid humidity response and long stable operation time. The humidity reaches equilibrium within 2 to 5 min during the humidity change, and the system exhibited acceptable stability over a three-day, nonstop experimental measurement duration, with a precision of 1% RH at 85C and 85% RH. The sample chamber is capable of measuring substrate samples with dimensions of up to 2-in. in diameter and 5-mm in thickness. We demonstrate the reflectivity data measured at a pulsed neutron facility, MLF BL17, in the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex. The combined use of this system with neutrons permits in situ, time-resolved studies of the swelling process of polyvinyl alcohol and adhesive materials.
宮崎 司*; 宮田 登*; 吉田 鉄生*; 有馬 寛*; 津村 佳弘*; 鳥飼 直也*; 青木 裕之; 山本 勝宏*; 金谷 利治*; 川口 大輔*; et al.
Langmuir, 36(13), p.3415 - 3424, 2020/04
被引用回数：14 パーセンタイル：58.64(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)We investigated in detail the structures in the poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) adsorption layers on a Si substrate, which remained on the substrate after immersing the relatively thick 30 - 50 nm films in hot water, by neutron reflectometry under humid conditions. For the PVA with a degree of saponification exceeding 98 mol %, the adsorption layer exhibits a three-layered structure in the thickness direction. The bottom layer is considered to be the so-called inner adsorption layer that is not fully swollen with water vapor. This may be because the polymer chains in the inner adsorption layer are strongly constrained onto the substrate, which inhibits water vapor penetration. The polymer chains in this layer have many contact points to the substrate via the hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl groups in the polymer chain and the silanol groups on the surface of the Si substrate and consequently exhibit extremely slow dynamics. Therefore, it is inferred that the bottom layer is fully amorphous. Furthermore, we consider the middle layer to be somewhat amorphous because parts of the molecular chains are pinned below the interface between the middle and bottom layers. The molecular chains in the top layer become more mobile and ordered, owing to the large distance from the strongly constrained bottom layer; therefore, they exhibit a much lower degree of swelling compared to the middle amorphous layer. Meanwhile, for the PVA with a much lower degree of saponification, the adsorption layer structure consists of the two-layers. The bottom layer forms the inner adsorption layer that moderately swells with water vapor because the polymer chains have few contact points to the substrate. The molecular chains in the middle layer, therefore, are somewhat crystallizable because of this weak constraint.
Strasser, P.*; 下村 浩一郎*; 幸田 章宏*; 河村 成肇*; 藤森 寛*; 牧村 俊助*; 小林 庸男*; 中原 一隆*; 加藤 峯夫*; 竹下 聡史*; et al.
Journal of Physics; Conference Series, 225, p.012050_1 - 012050_8, 2010/06
被引用回数：12 パーセンタイル：95.21(Physics, Applied)The new Muon Science Facility (MUSE) that is now under construction at J-PARC in the Materials and Life Sciences Facility (MLF) building will comprise four types of muon channels. In the first stage, a conventional superconducting decay muon channel (D-Line) was constructed, which can extract surface (positive) muons with an expected muon yield of 
/s and decay positive/negative muon up to 120 MeV/c, with an expected muon yield of a few 
/s at 60 MeV/c for both positive and negative muons. This channel will be used for various kinds of muon experiments like 
SR, muon catalyzed fusion and nondestruction elements analysis.
N(n,
)
N reaction as a -ray intensity standard up to 11 MeV宮崎 格*; 坂根 仁*; 高山 寛和*; 笠石 昌史*; 東條 暁典*; 古田 昌孝*; 林 裕晃*; 末松 倫*; 楢崎 裕道*; 清水 俊明*; et al.
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 45(6), p.481 - 486, 2008/06
被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：35.07(Nuclear Science & Technology)N(n,)N反応で放出する主要線の絶対強度を0.3
1.0%の精度で決定した。測定は、KURの中性子導管を用いて実施した。窒素のサンプルとしては、液体窒素及び重水置換メラミンを使用した。測定結果を従来の測定値と比較し、従来の測定データの問題点を指摘した。また、数MeV以上の線エネルギーにおいて、線検出効率の測定値とシミュレーションコードの計算結果に系統的な差の存在することを見いだし問題提起した。
(Si
Ge
)松田 康弘*; 稲見 俊哉; 大和田 謙二; 村田 悠人*; 野尻 浩之*; 村上 洋一*; 光田 暁弘*; 和田 裕文*; 宮崎 寛*; 原田 勲*
Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 77(5), p.054713_1 - 054713_7, 2008/05
被引用回数：25 パーセンタイル：74.44(Physics, Multidisciplinary)EuNi(SiGe)の磁場誘起価数転移を低温でX線吸収実験から研究した。Euの価数の磁場依存性を初めて直接的に観測したものである。40T以上の磁場において価数の低下を観測した。Euの価数はゼロ磁場の2.75から40Tで2.33になった。この結果を理論モデルで解析した。量子力学的混成に重要な、混成パラメータVとエネルギー差
を求めた。
山崎 千里*; 村上 勝彦*; 藤井 康之*; 佐藤 慶治*; 原田 えりみ*; 武田 淳一*; 谷家 貴之*; 坂手 龍一*; 喜久川 真吾*; 嶋田 誠*; et al.
Nucleic Acids Research, 36(Database), p.D793 - D799, 2008/01
被引用回数：51 パーセンタイル：71.25(Biochemistry & Molecular Biology)ヒトゲノム解析のために、転写産物データベースを構築した。34057個のタンパク質コード領域と、642個のタンパク質をコードしていないRNAを見いだすことができた。
