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論文

Direct observation of strain in InAs quantum dots and cap layer during molecular beam epitaxial growth using ${{it in situ}}$ X-ray diffraction

下村 憲一*; 鈴木 秀俊*; 佐々木 拓生; 高橋 正光; 大下 祥雄*; 神谷 格*

Journal of Applied Physics, 118(18), p.185303_1 - 185303_7, 2015/11

 被引用回数:9 パーセンタイル:38.29(Physics, Applied)

Direct measurements on the growth of InAs quantum dots (QDs) and various cap layers during molecular beam epitaxy are performed by ${{it in situ}}$ X-ray diffraction (XRD). The evolution of strain induced both in the QDs and cap layers during capping is discussed based on the XRD intensity transients obtained at various lattice constants. Transients with different features are observed from those obtained during InGaAs and GaAs capping, attributed to In-Ga intermixing between the QDs and the cap layer. Photoluminescence wavelength can be tuned by controlling the intermixing and the cap layer thickness. It is demonstrated that such information about strain is useful for designing and preparing novel device structures.

論文

Observation of in-plane asymmetric strain relaxation during crystal growth and growth interruption in InGaAs/GaAs(001)

佐々木 拓生*; 下村 憲一*; 鈴木 秀俊*; 高橋 正光; 神谷 格*; 大下 祥雄*; 山口 真史*

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 51(2), p.02BP01_1 - 02BP01_3, 2012/02

 被引用回数:2 パーセンタイル:8.97(Physics, Applied)

In-plane asymmetric strain relaxation in lattice-mismatched InGaAs/GaAs(001) heteroepitaxy is studied by ${it in situ}$ three-dimensional X-ray reciprocal space mapping. Repeating crystal growth and growth interruptions during measurements allows us to investigate whether the strain relaxation is limited at a certain thickness or saturated. We find that the degree of relaxation during growth interruption depends on both the film thickness and the in-plane directions. Significant lattice relaxation is observed in rapid relaxation regimes during interruption. This is a clear indication that relaxation is kinetically limited. In addition, relaxation along the [110] direction can saturate more readily than that along the [$${bar 1}$$10] direction. We discuss this result in terms of the interaction between orthogonally aligned dislocations.

報告書

汎用小型試験研究炉の概念検討; 平成22年度活動報告(共同研究)

今泉 友見; 宮内 優; 伊藤 正泰; 綿引 俊介; 永田 寛; 花川 裕規; 那珂 通裕; 川又 一夫; 山浦 高幸; 井手 広史; et al.

JAEA-Technology 2011-031, 123 Pages, 2012/01

JAEA-Technology-2011-031.pdf:16.08MB

世界の試験研究炉は、老朽化に伴う廃炉により減少しているが、その一方でアジア諸国においては、原子力発電の導入計画が相次いでいる。このようなアジア諸国では、原子力発電所を建設した後の運転管理ができる技術者の育成が課題となっていると同時に、自国における原子力技術を高めるため、軽水炉の長期化対策,科学技術の向上,産業利用及び原子力人材育成のための試験研究炉の必要性が高まっている。このような背景から、照射試験炉センターにおいては、今後、発電用原子炉を導入する国に向け、各種照射利用や教育訓練に用いる試験研究炉の基本概念検討を開始した。設計活動を通じた本検討は、照射試験炉センターにおける試験研究炉の設計に必要な計算コードなどの環境の整備及び人材育成に貢献するとともに、本概念検討に共同研究として参加する原子力関連会社の試験研究炉にかかわる技術力の維持,向上にも貢献することが期待される。本報告は、平成22年度に設置された「照射試験炉センター汎用小型試験研究炉WG(ワーキンググループ)」と原子力関連会社が行った平成22年7月$$sim$$平成23年6月までの試験研究炉の概念検討結果について取りまとめたものである。

論文

Real-time structural analysis of compositionally graded InGaAs/GaAs(001) layers

佐々木 拓生*; 鈴木 秀俊*; 稲垣 充*; 池田 和磨*; 下村 憲一*; 高橋 正光; 神津 美和*; Hu, W.; 神谷 格*; 大下 祥雄*; et al.

IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, 2(1), p.35 - 40, 2012/01

 被引用回数:5 パーセンタイル:22.66(Energy & Fuels)

Compositionally step-graded InGaAs/GaAs(001) buffers with overshooting (OS) layers were evaluated by several characterization techniques for higher efficiency metamorphic III-V multijunction solar cells. By high-resolution X-ray diffraction, we found that fully relaxed or tensile strained top layers can be obtained by choosing appropriate OS layer thickness. Moreover, from real-time structural analysis using ${it in situ}$ X-ray reciprocal space mapping (${it in situ}$ RSM), it was proved that the top layer is almost strained to the OS layers, and it is independent of the thicknesses of the OS layers. Dislocations in the vicinity of the OS layers were observed by transmission electron microscopy, and the validity of results of ${it in situ}$ RSM was confirmed from the viewpoint of misfit dislocation behavior. Finally, by photoluminescence measurements, we showed that tensile strained top layers may be suitable for the improvement of minority-carrier lifetime.

論文

X-ray reciprocal space mapping of dislocation-mediated strain relaxation during InGaAs/GaAs(001) epitaxial growth

佐々木 拓生*; 鈴木 秀俊*; 高橋 正光; 大下 祥雄*; 神谷 格*; 山口 真史*

Journal of Applied Physics, 110(11), p.113502_1 - 113502_7, 2011/12

 被引用回数:12 パーセンタイル:46.82(Physics, Applied)

Dislocation-mediated strain relaxation during lattice-mismatched InGaAs/GaAs(001) heteroepitaxy was studied through ${it in situ}$ X-ray reciprocal space mapping. At the synchrotron radiation facility SPring-8, a hybrid system of molecular beam epitaxy and X-ray diffractometry with a two-dimensional detector enabled us to perform ${it in situ}$ reciprocal space mapping at high-speed and high-resolution. Using this experimental setup, the lattice constants, the diffraction broadenings along in-plane and out-of-plane directions, and the diffuse scattering were investigated. The strain relaxation processes were classified into four thickness ranges with different dislocation behavior. In addition, the existence of transition regimes between the thickness ranges was identified.

論文

Growth temperature dependence of strain relaxation during InGaAs/GaAs(0 0 1) heteroepitaxy

佐々木 拓生*; 鈴木 秀俊*; 崔 炳久*; 高橋 正光; 藤川 誠司; 神谷 格*; 大下 祥雄*; 山口 真史*

Journal of Crystal Growth, 323(1), p.13 - 16, 2011/05

 被引用回数:19 パーセンタイル:82.22(Crystallography)

In$$_{0.12}$$Ga$$_{0.88}$$As/GaAs(001)の分子線エピタキシャル成長中のひずみ緩和の様子をその場X線逆格子マッピングにより解析した。成長温度420, 445, 477$$^{circ}$$Cにおける残留ひずみ・結晶性の変化の様子が測定された。Dodson-Tsaoの運動学的モデルは、実験による残留ひずみの測定結果とよく一致することがわかった。さらにひずみ緩和過程における転位の運動の温度依存性の解析から、転位の運動の熱励起を議論することが可能になった。

論文

Real-time observation of anisotropic strain relaxation by three-dimensional reciprocal space mapping during InGaAs/GaAs(001) growth

鈴木 秀俊*; 佐々木 拓生*; 崔 炳久*; 大下 祥雄*; 神谷 格*; 山口 真史*; 高橋 正光; 藤川 誠司

Applied Physics Letters, 97(4), p.041906_1 - 041906_3, 2010/07

 被引用回数:32 パーセンタイル:75.12(Physics, Applied)

Real-time three-dimensional reciprocal space mapping measurement during In$$_{0.12}$$Ga$$_{0.88}$$As/GaAs(001) molecular beam epitaxial growth has been performed to investigate anisotropy in relaxation processes. Anisotropies, strain relaxation, and crystal quality in [110] and [1$$bar{1}$$0] directions were simultaneously evaluated via the position and broadness of 022 diffraction. In the small-thickness region, strain relaxation caused by $$alpha$$-dislocations is higher than that caused by $$beta$$-dislocations, and therefore crystal quality along [110] is worse than that along [1$$bar{1}$$0]. Rapid relaxation along both [110] and [1$$bar{1}$$0] directions occurs at almost the same thickness. After rapid relaxation, anisotropy in strain relaxation gradually decreases, whereas crystal quality along [1$$bar{1}$$0] direction, presumably due to $$beta$$-dislocations, becomes better that along [110] direction and the ratio does not decay with thickness.

論文

${it In situ}$ real-time X-Ray reciprocal space mapping during InGaAs/GaAs growth for understanding strain relaxation mechanisms

佐々木 拓生*; 鈴木 秀俊*; 崔 炳久*; Lee, J.-H.*; 高橋 正光; 藤川 誠司; 新船 幸二*; 神谷 格*; 大下 祥雄*; 山口 真史*

Applied Physics Express, 2, p.085501_1 - 085501_3, 2009/07

 被引用回数:34 パーセンタイル:76.03(Physics, Applied)

${it In situ}$ real-time X-ray diffraction measurements during In$$_{0.12}$$Ga$$_{0.88}$$As/GaAs(001) epitaxial growth are performed for the first time to understand the strain relaxation mechanisms in a lattice-mismatched system. The high resolution reciprocal space maps of 004 diffraction obtained at interval of 6.2 nm thickness enable transient behavior of residual strain and crystal quality to be observed simultaneously as a function of InGaAs film thickness. From the evolution of these data, five thickness ranges with different relaxation processes and these transition points are determined quantitatively, and the dominant dislocation behavior in each phase is deduced.

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