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森 悠一郎*; 鍵 裕之*; 青木 勝敏*; 高野 将大*; 柿澤 翔*; 佐野 亜沙美; 舟越 賢一*
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 634, p.118673_1 - 118673_8, 2024/05
水素による鉄の体積膨張に対するケイ素の効果を調べるため、高圧高温下でのhcp-Fe
Si
の中性子回折実験とX線回折実験を行った。中性子回折実験は重水素化hcp-FeSiに対して13.5GPa, 900K及び12.1GPa, 300Kで行い、得られたプロファイルからリートベルト解析を用いて水素占有率を決定した。hcp-Fe-SiのP-V-T状態方程式を組み合わせることにより、hcp-FeSiの水素による体積膨張が純粋なhcp鉄の体積膨張よりも10%大きいことを示した。得られた値を用いて、内核の密度欠損を再現できる水素量を見積もったところ、シリコンの影響がない場合に比べて50%減少した。hcp-FeSiで内核の密度欠損を再現した場合、内核と外核で可能な水素量xはそれぞれ0.07と0.12-0.15と計算された。
嵯峨 涼*; 松谷 悠佑; 小原 秀樹*; 駒井 史雄*; 吉野 浩教*; 青木 昌彦*; 細川 洋一郎*
Advances in Radiation Oncology (Internet), 9 Pages, 2024/00
放射線治療後の治療効果は腫瘍制御率という指標により評価され、臨床治験に基づき治療計画が経験的に決定されてきた。任意の放射線治療計画に対する腫瘍制御率を、細胞実験に基づいて決定するためには、腫瘍内に数から数十%含まれ、放射性抵抗性を示すがん幹細胞の存在を考慮する必要性が近年わかってきた。先行研究では、がん幹細胞を明示的に考慮したintegrated microdosimetric-kinetic(IMK)モデルを開発し、細胞実験により得られるがん細胞死と臨床の腫瘍制御率を同時に予測することに可能してきた。しかし、これまでの検証は、弘前大学病院の臨床データとの比較に留まり、他施設の臨床データとの比較検証は行っていない。そこで、本研究では、一度に大線量を処方する定位放射線療法による非小細胞肺がんの腫瘍制御率データに着目し、メタ解析により収集された公衆のデータと先行研究では開発されたIMKモデルとの比較を行った。その結果、観測された施設に関わらず、がん幹細胞を考慮したIMKモデルは臨床の腫瘍制御率をよく再現することがわかった。本研究の成果は、放射線治療効果の正確な予測技術の発展に貢献するものである。
O/HO vapor generator for contrast-variation neutron scattering有馬 寛*; 高田 慎一; 笠井 聡*; 大内 啓一*; 森川 利明*; 宮田 登*; 宮崎 司*; 青木 裕之; 岩瀬 裕希*; 廣井 孝介; et al.
Journal of Applied Crystallography, 56(6), p.1802 - 1812, 2023/12
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.02(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)The contrast-variation technique in neutron scattering experiments plays a pivotal role in distinguishing partial structures within multi-component complexes, facilitating the elucidation of distinct sample constituents. This differentiation is achieved using different isotopes, namely hydrogen and deuterium, which possess varying neutron scattering characteristics. This study presents a novel vapor generator designed for neutron scattering experiments, enabling continuous control of the DO/HO ratio of the vapor. This feature is especially useful for contrast-variation studies. The generator features two saturators and four mass flow controllers, allowing for the rapid and independent generation of DO/HO vapors. Additionally, the incorporation of the two-temperature method ensures accurate dew point control within a margin of 
0.2
Cdp. This setup proves useful for conducting time-resolved experiments and can accelerate research on functional polymers, such as polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cells, where water potential assumes critical importance.
筋田 涼太*; 今井 彩帆里*; 大内 誠*; 青木 裕之; 寺島 崇矢*
Macromolecules, 56(23), p.9738 - 9749, 2023/12
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Polymer Science)Constructing ordered ionic nanostructures into bulk polymers and thin films is an important technique to create functional materials, such as polyelectrolytes and proton- and ion-conducting materials, for various applications. Herein, we report microphase separation of cationic homopolymers bearing alkyl ammonium bromides to create sub-4 nm lamellar materials, where an ionic phase is alternatingly layered with a hydrophobic alkyl phase and serves as a channel for water intercalation. We prepared cationic homopolymers with linear or branched alkyl pendants (octyl or 2-ethylhexyl group: C8-eicosyl or 2-octyldodecyl group: C20) via the free radical polymerization of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl acrylate (DMAEA), followed by the quaternization of the polyDMAEA with corresponding alkyl bromides. The homopolymers carrying linear hexadecyl, octadecyl, and eicosyl groups were crystalline at room temperature, whereas the others were amorphous. The homopolymers bearing linear alkyl pendants longer than the decyl group or branched alkyl pendants larger than the 2-butyloctyl group formed lamellar structures by the self-assembly of the side chains. The domain spacing can be controlled between 2.5 and 3.7 nm by tuning the pendant structures and are smaller than that formed by the corresponding random copolymers. A cationic homopolymer bearing crystalline octadecyl groups maintained lamellar structures up to 
210 
C far beyond the melting temperature (50 C). The cationic homopolymer further formed a multilayered lamellar thin film on a silicon substrate, in which the cationic layers absorbed water under humid conditions and reversibly released the water therefrom in a N gas atmosphere.
若濱 洋*; 能城 悠*; 青木 和弘; 今井 宏太朗; Guglielmi, Y.*; Cook, P.*; Soom, F.*
応用地質, 64(5), p.236 - 254, 2023/12
2011年4月11日の福島県浜通りの地震(Mw6.7)時、福島県南東部に北北西から南南東に伸びる約14kmの地表変状が生じ塩ノ平断層と命名された。その南方延長上の車断層では地表変状は認められなかった。両断層の活動性評価のため、前者の活動域上の塩ノ平地点と後者の非活動域上の水上北地点で、SIMFIP法による断層スリップ試験を実施した。両地点の断層破砕部への注水に対する水圧モニタリング孔での水圧応答から、断層部を挟む領域の水理特性をGRFモデル(Barker, 1988)により評価し、透水係数、比貯留量、及び流れ次元を明らかにした。これらの水理パラメーターは国内外の文献値と整合的で、透水係数及び比貯留量は塩ノ平が水上北よりも大きく、流れ次元は塩ノ平が概ね三次元流であり、水上北が二次元フラクショナル流となる。また計測変位から算定される一軸膨張係数と水理解析での比貯留量の対比から、体積膨張は、前者が三軸、後者が一軸方向で生じると把握された。両地点の相違は、当該断層破砕部に賦存する「水みち」の空間的な発達状況の相違と密接に対応し、両地点の断層活動度に差異を生む要因と水理パラメーター等との関連性が示唆された。
徳永 陽; 酒井 宏典; 神戸 振作; Opletal, P.; 常盤 欣文; 芳賀 芳範; 北川 俊作*; 石田 憲二*; 青木 大*; Knebel, G.*; et al.
Physical Review Letters, 131(22), p.226503_1 - 226503_7, 2023/12
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Physics, Multidisciplinary)Our measurements of 
Te NMR relaxations reveal an enhancement of electronic spin fluctuations above 
~T, leading to their divergence in the vicinity of the metamagnetic transition at 
~T, below which field-reinforced superconductivity appears when a magnetic field (
) is applied along the crystallographic 
axis. The NMR data evidence that these fluctuations are dominantly longitudinal, providing a key to understanding the peculiar superconducting phase diagram in 
, where such fluctuations enhance the pairing interactions.
states in the electronic structure of the intermediate-valence superconductor CeIr
藤森 伸一; 川崎 郁斗; 竹田 幸治; 山上 浩志; 雀部 矩正*; 佐藤 芳樹*; 清水 悠晴*; 仲村 愛*; Maruya, A.*; 本間 佳哉*; et al.
Electronic Structure (Internet), 5(4), p.045009_1 - 045009_7, 2023/11
The electronic structure of the 
-based superconductor 
was studied by photoelectron spectroscopy. The energy distribution of the 
state was revealed by the 
resonant photoelectron spectroscopy. The state was mostly distributed in the vicinity of the Fermi energy, suggesting the itinerant character of the state. The contribution of the state to the density of states (DOS) at the Fermi energy was estimated to be nearly half of that of the
states, implying that the state has aconsiderable contribution to the DOS at the Fermi energy. The 
core-level and X-ray absorption spectra were analyzed based on a single-impurity Anderson model. The number of the state in the ground state was estimated to be 0.8-0.9, which is much larger than the values obtained in the previous studies (i.e., 0-0.4).
and Eu(As
P
)大貫 惇睦*; 軽部 皓介*; 青木 大*; 仲村 愛*; 本間 佳哉*; 松田 達磨*; 芳賀 芳範; 竹内 徹也*
Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 92(11), p.114703_1 - 114703_12, 2023/11
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Physics, Multidisciplinary)Single crystal samples of a series of semimetallic magnet Eu(AsP) have successfully grown. By measuring magnetization, Hall resistivity and de Haas-van Alphen oscillations, large anomalous Hall resistivity arising from peculiar magnetic phase diagram was identified.
Sr測定への適用小荒井 一真; 松枝 誠; 青木 譲; 寺島 元基
KEK Proceedings 2023-2, p.155 - 160, 2023/11
本発表では、DGA resinを用いたY分離法のヒト歯や海水魚骨中のSr測定への適用結果を報告する。
橋本 慧*; 塩飽 透*; 青木 裕之; 横山 英明*; 眞弓 皓一*; 伊藤 耕三*
Science Advances (Internet), 9(47), p.eadi8505_1 - eadi8505_8, 2023/11
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：52.07(Multidisciplinary Sciences)The demand for mechanically robust polymer-based electrolytes is increasing for applications to wearable devices. Young's modulus and breaking energy are essential parameters for describing the mechanical reliability of electrolytes. The former plays a vital role in suppressing the short circuit during charge-discharge, while the latter indicates crack propagation resistance. However, polymer electrolytes with high Young's moduli are generally brittle. In this study, a tough slide-ring solid polymer electrolyte (SR-SPE) breaking through this trade-off between stiffness and toughness is designed on the basis of strain-induced crystallization (SIC) and phase separation. SIC makes the material highly tough (breaking energy, 80 to 100 megajoules per cubic meter). Phase separation in the polymer enhanced stiffness (Young's modulus, 10 to 70 megapascals). The combined effect of phase separation and SIC made SR-SPE tough and stiff, while these mechanisms do not impair ionic conductivity. This SIC strategy could be combined with other toughening mechanisms to design tough polymer gel materials.
金城 克樹*; 藤林 裕己*; 松村 拓輝*; 堀 文哉*; 北川 俊作*; 石田 憲二*; 徳永 陽; 酒井 宏典; 神戸 振作; 仲村 愛*; et al.
Science Advances (Internet), 9(30), p.2736_1 - 2736_6, 2023/07
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Multidisciplinary Sciences)Superconducting (SC) state has spin and orbital degrees of freedom, and spin-triplet superconductivity shows multiple SC phases because of the presence of these degrees of freedom. However, the observation of spin-direction rotation occurring inside the SC state (SC spin rotation) has hardly been reported. Uranium ditelluride, a recently found topological superconductor, exhibits various SC phases under pressure: SC state at ambient pressure (SC1), high-temperature SC state above 0.5 gigapascal (SC2), and low-temperature SC state above 0.5 gigapascal (SC3). We performed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and ac susceptibility measurements on a single-crystal uranium ditelluride. The b axis spin susceptibility remains unchanged in SC2, unlike in SC1, and decreases below the SC2-SC3 transition with spin modulation. These unique properties in SC3 arise from the coexistence of two SC order parameters. Our NMR results confirm spin-triplet superconductivity with SC spin parallel to b axis in SC2 and unveil the remaining of spin degrees of freedom in SC uranium ditelluride.
塩田 祐揮; 工藤 淳貴; 津野 大海; 竹内 遼太郎; 有吉 秀夫; 塩濱 保貴; 浜野 知治; 高木 剛彦; 長沖 吉弘
JAEA-Technology 2023-002, 87 Pages, 2023/06
JAEA-Technology-2023-002.pdf:8.53MB
高速増殖原型炉もんじゅは、2018年から廃止措置に移行し、約30年を経て廃止措置を完了する予定である。なお、廃止措置は4段階に分けて実施する計画である。もんじゅは、原子炉容器及び炉外燃料貯蔵槽(EVST)に多量のナトリウムを保有し、大規模なナトリウム火災との重畳による燃料破損という残留リスクがあった。このため、もんじゅ廃止措置計画の第1段階では約5.5年をかけて「燃料体取出し」作業を実施し、速やかにこれらの燃料体を全て燃料池に貯蔵し残留リスクを排除することとした。燃料体取出し作業では、炉心の燃料体を燃料池に移送し貯蔵することを目的に、炉外燃料貯蔵槽に貯蔵中の燃料体を洗浄し、燃料池に貯蔵する「燃料体の処理」、炉心にある燃料体を模擬燃料体等と交換し、炉外燃料貯蔵槽に貯蔵する「燃料体の取出し」を交互に行い、4キャンペーンに分け炉心に存在する燃料体370体と炉外燃料貯蔵槽に貯蔵されている燃料体160体の計530体の燃料体を全て安全かつ計画通りに燃料池への貯蔵を完了した。本報告書は、第1段階での燃料体取出し作業の総括として、作業の進め方、事前の機器・設備点検やリスク評価といった作業前の準備、キャンペーン内での運転や点検等の作業の実績、作業の評価について取り纏めたものである。
Liu, Y.*; 宮田 登*; 宮崎 司*; 春藤 淳臣*; 川口 大輔*; 田中 敬二*; 青木 裕之
Langmuir, 39(29), p.10154 - 10162, 2023/06
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：52.07(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)Water absorbed by epoxy resins from a humid atmosphere considerably influences their structure and properties. Examining the effects of absorbed water on epoxy resins at their interfaces with solid substrates is crucial because of their adhesive applications in various fields. The spatial distribution of absorbed water in epoxy resin thin films under high humidity was investigated in this study by neutron reflectometry. Water molecules were found to accumulate at the SiO
/epoxy resin interface after exposure at a relative humidity of 85% for 8 h. The formation of an ca.1 nm-thick condensed water layer was observed, and the thickness of this layer varied with curing conditions of epoxy systems. Furthermore, the water accumulation at the interface was noted to be affected by high-temperature and high-humidity environments. The formation of the condensed water layer is presumed to be related to the features of the polymer layer near the interface. The construction of the interface layer of epoxy resin would be affected by the interface constraint effect on the cross-linked polymer chain during the curing reaction. This study provides essential information for understanding the factors influencing the accumulation of water at the interface in epoxy resins. In the practical application, the process of improving the construction of epoxy resin near the interface would be a reasonable solution to resist the water accumulation in the interface.
Te-NMR on the uranium-based superconductor UTe藤林 裕己*; 金城 克樹*; 仲嶺 元輝*; 北川 俊作*; 石田 憲二*; 徳永 陽; 酒井 宏典; 神戸 振作; 仲村 愛*; 清水 悠晴*; et al.
Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 92(5), p.053702_1 - 053702_5, 2023/05
被引用回数：2 パーセンタイル：80.44(Physics, Multidisciplinary)To investigate the static and dynamic magnetic properties on the uranium-based superconductor UTe, we measured the NMR Knight shift 
and the nuclear spin lattice relaxation rate 1/
in 
by Te-NMR on a Te-enriched single-crystal sample. 1/
in is much smaller than 1/ in 
and c, and magnetic fluctuations along each axis are derived from the 1/ measured in parallel to all three crystalline axes. The magnetic fluctuations are almost identical at two Te sites and isotropic at high temperatures, but become anisotropic below 40 K, where heavy-fermion state is formed.
-axis knight shift on UTe with 
= 2.1 K松村 拓輝*; 藤林 裕己*; 金城 克樹*; 北川 俊作*; 石田 憲二*; 徳永 陽; 酒井 宏典; 神戸 振作; 仲村 愛*; 清水 悠晴*; et al.
Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 92(6), p.063701_1 - 063701_5, 2023/05
被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：92.42(Physics, Multidisciplinary)Spin susceptibility in the superconducting (SC) state was measured in the higher-quality sample of uranium-based superconductor UTe by using Knight-shift measurements for a magnetic field along all three crystalline axes. In the higher-quality sample, the SC transition temperature is about 2.1 K, and the residual electronic term in the specific heat is almost zero. The NMR linewidth becomes narrower and is almost half of that in the previous sample with 
1.6 K when and 
. Although the Knight-shift behavior was not so different from the previous results for 
, and , a large reduction in Knight shift along the axis was observed, in contrast with the previous -axis Knight shift result. We discuss the origin of the difference between the previous and present results, and the possible SC state derived from the present results.
along hard magnetic axis酒井 宏典; 常盤 欣文; Opletal, P.; 木俣 基*; 淡路 智*; 佐々木 孝彦*; 青木 大*; 神戸 振作; 徳永 陽; 芳賀 芳範
Physical Review Letters, 130(19), p.196002_1 - 196002_6, 2023/05
被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：92.42(Physics, Multidisciplinary)
=2.1Kのウラン2テルル化物単結晶における超伝導相図を磁気困難軸である結晶軸方向に磁場をかけて調べた。電気抵抗と交流帯磁率を同時に測定した結果、低磁場超伝導(LFSC)相と高磁場超伝導(HFSC)相が、対照的な磁場-角度依存性をもつことがわかった。結晶の純良性が上がったことにより、LFSC相の上部臨界磁場は上昇したものの、HFSC相が現れる特徴磁場
は、単結晶の純良性に関わらず、15Tと一定であることがわかった。また、近傍のLFSC相内に、弱い渦糸ピン留め力で特徴づけられる中間超伝導相を示唆する新たな相線の形跡を捉えた。
石井 克典; 青木 健; 井坂 和義; 野口 弘喜; 清水 厚志; 佐藤 博之
Proceedings of 30th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE30) (Internet), 9 Pages, 2023/05
JAEA initiated High Temperature engineering Test Reactor (HTTR) heat application test project to establish coupling technologies between HTGR and a hydrogen production plant necessary to achieve large-scale, low cost, and carbon-free hydrogen production. One important element for the coupling technologies is a system analysis code which can simulate dynamic behavior of a HTGR hydrogen production system to design a plant control system for the effects of circulated helium heat through both facilities. The code is required to deal with a complex system which involves several subsystems and different physics with different timescales. As a first step of the development, we developed a heat and mass balance evaluation model of a helium-heated steam reformer. This report will present the outline of the developed model and simulation results with comparison to the experimental results.
青木 健; 清水 厚志; 野口 弘喜; 倉林 薫; 安田 貴則; 野本 恭信; 飯垣 和彦; 佐藤 博之; 坂場 成昭
Proceedings of 30th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE30) (Internet), 9 Pages, 2023/05
本研究では、高温ガス炉と水素製造施設を接続したHTTR(高温工学試験研究炉)-熱利用試験施設に対する安全設計方針を開発した。検討の結果、高圧ガスや可燃性ガスにより想定される災害に対して公衆安全を確保するため、水素製造施設に対しては現行の化学プラントで適用されている法規を適用する安全設計方針を提示した。また、水素製造施設の異常に伴う漏えい可燃性物質の火災爆発や水素製造施設除熱量の変動に対する原子炉施設の通常運転機能の確保等の対策を含め、水素製造施設を接続した原子炉施設特有の安全要件に適合した安全設計方針を提示した。HTTR-熱利用試験施設に対して開発された安全設計方針は、HTTR-熱利用試験施設の基本設計や詳細設計に活用される見込みである。
野本 恭信; 水田 直紀; 守田 圭介; 青木 健; 沖田 将一朗; 石井 克典; 倉林 薫; 安田 貴則; 田中 真人; 井坂 和義; et al.
Proceedings of 30th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE30) (Internet), 7 Pages, 2023/05
JAEA initiated an HTTR heat application test plan to develop for coupling technology between HTGR and hydrogen production facility. The principal objective of this test plan is to establish the high safety coupling technology for coupling a hydrogen production facility to HTGR through the demonstration of a hydrogen production by the proven technology of methane steam reforming method utilizing the HTTR as a high temperature heat source. The other objective is to develop for coupling equipment such as a high temperature isolation valve, a helium gas circulator and a high temperature insulation pipe. This paper describes the overview of an HTTR heat application test plan such as a draft test schedule and test targets for the demonstration of a hydrogen production. This paper also presents basic specifications of an HTTR heat application test facility such as the HTTR modification strategy, overall system configuration and heat and mass balance at rated test operation for the demonstration of a hydrogen production. Furthermore, the operation plan during the normal start-up and shut-down processes is proposed.
水田 直紀; 守田 圭介; 青木 健; 沖田 将一朗; 石井 克典; 倉林 薫; 安田 貴則; 田中 真人; 井坂 和義; 野口 弘喜; et al.
Proceedings of 30th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE30) (Internet), 6 Pages, 2023/05
High temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) is expected to extend the use of nuclear heat to a wider spectrum of industrial applications such as hydrogen production, high efficiency power generation, etc., due largely to high temperature heat supply capability as well as inherent safe characteristics. Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) have been contracted by the Agency for Natural Resources and Energy, part of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) of Japan, to conduct its Hydrogen Production Demonstration Project Utilizing Very High Temperature. The primary objective of this project is to establish "coupling technology" between HTGR and hydrogen production facility in accordance with "Green Growth Strategy Through Achieving Carbon Neutrality in 2050". From this fiscal year, JAEA initiated a program to produce hydrogen using an HTTR (High Temperature Engineering Test Reactor) to develop coupling technologies between HTGR and hydrogen production facility required for a massive, cost-effective and carbon-free hydrogen production technology. This paper describes the development plan for coupling equipment which is required for an HTTR heat application test as coupling technologies between an HTTR and a hydrogen production facility. The coupling equipment is composed of a high temperature isolation valve to prevent the ingress of the flammable gas and/or the leakage of radioactive materials for nuclear facility, a secondary helium gas circulator to feed a high temperature helium gas, and a high temperature insulation pipe to transport of a high temperature helium gas from an Internal Heat Exchanger (IHX) to a hydrogen production facility. The development plan of coupling equipment contains each target and draft schedule.
