Experimental study of liquid spreading and atomization due to jet impingement in liquid-liquid systems

Yamamura, Sota*; Fujiwara, Kota*; Honda, Kota*; Yoshida, Hiroyuki; Horiguchi, Naoki; Kaneko, Akiko*; Abe, Yutaka*

Physics of Fluids, 34(8), p.082110_1 - 082110_13, 2022/08

https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0100340

Liquid spreading and atomization due to jet impingement in liquid-liquid systems are considered to be crucial for understanding the cooling behavior of high-temperature molten material in a shallow water pool. This phenomenon takes place when a liquid jet enters a pool filled with other immiscible liquid. The jet spreads radially after impinging on the floor while forming a thin liquid film and atomizing droplets. In this paper, we explain the result to quantify the unsteady three-dimensional behavior of the spreading jet by the employment of 3D-LIF measurements and 3-dimensional reconstruction. Under high flow velocity conditions, the phenomena of hydraulic jump and atomization of the liquid film occurred along with the spreading. To evaluate the spreading behavior, a comparison of the jump radius position of the liquid-liquid system as the representative value was made with the one calculated by the existing theory of a gas-liquid system. As the result, the spreading of the liquid film in the liquid-liquid system was suppressed compared with that in the gas-liquid system. Furthermore, the PTV method was successfully used to measure the velocity boundary layer and velocity profile in the liquid film, which are important factors that affect the spreading mechanism of the liquid film. These results revealed that in liquid-liquid systems, shear stress at the liquid-liquid interface causes a decrease in the flow velocity and suppressed the development of the velocity boundary layer. Also, to evaluate the atomization behavior, the number and diameter distribution of the droplets were measured from the acquired 3-dimensional shape data of the jet. As the result, the number of droplets increased with the flow velocity. Based on these results, we concluded that the spreading of the liquid film is affected by such atomization behavior.

Development of dispersed phase tracking method for time-series 3-dimensional interface shape data

Horiguchi, Naoki; Yoshida, Hiroyuki; Yamamura, Sota*; Fujiwara, Kota*; Kaneko, Akiko*; Abe, Yutaka*

Proceedings of 19th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics (NURETH-19) (Internet), 14 Pages, 2022/03

Rapid separation of alpha-emitting nuclides in radioactive waste

Hoshi, Akiko; Watanabe, Koichi; Fujiwara, Asako; Haraga, Tomoko; Kameo, Yutaka; Nakashima, Mikio; Takebe, Shinichi

Nihon Genshiryoku Gakkai Wabun Rombunshi, 7(3), p.177 - 185, 2008/09

https://doi.org/10.3327/taesj.J07.009

The simple and rapid separation method was developed for actinides in the low-level radioactive waste. Extraction chromatographic columns were used for the separation of U, Np, Pu, Am, and Cm in the solution of the simulated solidified product and the simulated waste solution. In the investigation of separation procedure, it was tried to construct the scheme with the relatively non-corrosive reagents aiming to apply to the routine analysis of the radioactive waste. Recoveries and decontamination factors of actinides in the solution of simulated waste were high enough to determine of actinides in radioactive waste by alpha-spectrometry, mass spectroscopy. The time required of the separation operation was 2-3 hours. The chromatographic method was applied to analysis of actinide in actual waste solution, high recoveries and decontamination factors were obtained, which indicated that the extraction chromatographic separation method would be adopted as a simple and rapid separation method of actinide in waste.

Application of extraction chromatography to the separation of thorium and uranium dissolved in a solution of high salt concentration

Fujiwara, Asako; Kameo, Yutaka; Hoshi, Akiko; Haraga, Tomoko; Nakashima, Mikio

Journal of Chromatography A, 1140(1-2), p.163 - 167, 2007/01

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2006.11.084

Extraction chromatography with UTEVA resin was applied to separation of Th and U from control solutions prepared from a multi-element control solution and from sample solutions of solidified simulated waste. Thorium and U in control solutions with 1 to 5 M HNO were extracted with UTEVA resin and recovered with a solution containing 0.1 M HNO and 0.05 M oxalic acid to be separated from the other metallic elements. Extraction behavior of U in the sample solutions was similar to that in the control solutions, but extraction of Th was dependent on the concentration of HNO. Thorium was extracted from 5 M HNO sample solutions but not from 1 M HNO sample solutions. We conjecture that thorium fluoride formation interferes with extraction of Th. Addition of Al(NO) and Fe(NO), which have a higher stability constant with fluoride ion than Th does with it improved extractability of Th from 1 M HNO sample solution.

Effect of high dielectric solution on microwave heating characteristics

Kobayashi, Shohei*; Abe, Yutaka*; Kaneko, Akiko*; Futsuta, Akihiro*; Fujiwara, Kota*; Segawa, Tomoomi; Kawaguchi, Koichi; Ishii, Katsunori

no journal, , 

To investigate the influence of the dielectric properties of a solution or a spacer on the heating process of the solution, a low dielectric Teflon or an airogel having a very low dielectric property almost equivalent to air was placed as a spacer directly below the vessel. And the influence of the geometry and the dielectric properties of the sample and the spacer on the heating properties of the sample were evaluated. The heating efficiency obtained by the experiment tended to decrease as the spacer height increased. It was confirmed that the heating efficiency obtained by the electromagnetic analysis almost agreed with the experimental results by a support height of 50 mm. When Teflon was used as a spacer, microwaves entered from the bottom of the solution, whereas when airogel was used as a spacer, microwaves tended to enter from the top of the solution, and it was clarified that the dielectric characteristics of the spacer were the heating characteristics of the sample.

Flashing phenomenon via microwave heating and influence of high dielectric constant solution

Kobayashi, Shohei*; Abe, Yutaka*; Kaneko, Akiko*; Fujiwara, Kota*; Futsuta, Akihiro*; Segawa, Tomoomi; Kawaguchi, Koichi; Ishii, Katsunori

no journal, , 

In the reprocessing process in the nuclear fuel cycle, a solution of plutonium nitrate and uranyl nitrate is converted into a mixed oxide by microwave heating denitration method. The objective of this study is to clarify the mechanism of the flashing phenomenon and to clarify the effect of the microwave heating characteristics of a high dielectric constant solution on the flashing phenomenon. Microwave heating experiments were conducted using KCl aqueous solution, which is the high dielectric constant solution simulating the reprocessing solution. It was clarified that the growth rate of bubbles in the KCl aqueous solution decreased with the time of microwave heating compared with distilled water. It is thought that in the KCl aqueous solution, the heating efficiency at the center of the solution is lower than that in the surroundings, and the growth rate of bubbles is reduced so that the flashing phenomenon does not easily occur in the high dielectric constant solution.

Development of simplified pelletizing process for fast reactor MOX fuels and demonstration experiment, 1; Advanced technology of microwave heating denitration method

Segawa, Tomoomi; Kawaguchi, Koichi; Ishii, Katsunori; Tsuchida, Hayahisa*; Fujiwara, Kota*; Kaneko, Akiko*; Abe, Yutaka*

no journal, , 

Development and demonstration of elemental technologies in simplified pellet fabrication method are developed. While the cylindrical vessel is expected to have a higher speed and capacity than the flat vessel, spilling phenomenon occurs, and device design optimization is required. The mechanism of flashing and spilling, and microwave heating characteristics of high loss solution are studied. The progress of the development of elemental technologies and microwave heating test results using simulated reprocessed solutions are reported. The dielectric loss of distilled water increased from the lower end to near the central axis, and water was internally heated, and then strong convection currents were formed with a large velocity vector from the center upward. In contrast, in KCl solution with 10 mass%, which has the same dielectric loss rate as the reprocessed solution, the outer periphery was heated and large convection was hardly generated, suggesting that heating is non-uniform.