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論文

Spin excitation continuum from degenerate states in the mixed ferro-antiferromagnetic exchange system CeMgAl$$_{11}$$O$$_{19}$$

Gao, B.*; Chen, T.*; Liu, C.*; Klemm, M. L.*; Zhang, S.*; Ma, Z.*; Xu, X.*; Won, C.*; McCandless, G. T.*; Rao, K.*; et al.

Science Advances (Internet), 12(10), p.eaed7778_1 - eaed7778_7, 2026/03

https://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed7778

In the search for unconventional magnetism, exotic quantum states are characterized by a lack of order and a broad spin excitation continuum approaching zero temperature. We study the two-dimensional triangular-lattice effective spin-system CeMgAl$$_{11}$$O$$_{19}$$, which shows slight disorder but no magnetic ordering down to 100 millikelvin. Spin-wave analysis in the magnetic-field-polarized state determines the spin Hamiltonian featuring a mixed ferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic nearest-neighbor exchange interaction. This places the system near an exactly solvable point of the spin-triangular-lattice XXZ model with extensive ground-state degeneracy. In zero field, neutron spectroscopy reveals a prominent continuum; we show that this arises from an ensemble average of spin-wave spectra across the degenerate ground-state manifold. This demonstrates that the role of weak quenched disorder can be quantitatively constrained: It inhibits unique ground-state selection and stabilizes a local distribution within the degenerate manifold, yielding continuum-like spectra that necessitate a critical reevaluation of the experimental signatures of exotic quantum states.

論文

Revealing dislocation evolution in a nickel-based superalloy during tensile deformation by ${it in situ}$ neutron diffraction

Yan, Z.*; Tan, Q.*; Gao, Y.*; Rong, Y.*; Qin, H.*; Bi, Z.*; Gong, W.; Harjo, S.; Wang, Y.-D.*

Materials Science & Engineering A, 945, p.148976_1 - 148976_6, 2025/11

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2025.148976
 被引用回数：7 パーセンタイル：86.13(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)

The dislocation structure evolution in the superalloy was studied by in-situ neutron diffraction tensile tests and line profile analysis. The proportion of screw-type dislocations increased in both fine and coarse $$gamma$$' structures, and dislocations were rearranged towards high-energy structures with weak dipole character, especially in the fine structure, due to its enhanced slip planarity.

論文

Microscopic insights into the mechanical behavior of a Ni-Co-based superalloy through ${it in-situ}$ neutron diffraction

Liu, Y.*; Yan, Z.*; Gao, Y.*; Li, Y.*; Gan, B.*; Harjo, S.; Gong, W.; 川崎 卓郎; Li, S.*; Wang, Y.-D.*

Microstructures (Internet), 5(4), p.2025096_1 - 2025096_15, 2025/10

https://doi.org/10.20517/microstructures.2025.28

The micromechanical behaviors and dislocation evolution in a polycrystalline Ni-Co-based superalloy were systematically investigated by ${it in situ}$ neutron diffraction tensile testing combined with line profile analysis. The results reveal the sequential activation of $$gamma$$' shearing and Orowan looping mechanisms, with interphase load partitioning governed by strain-dependent interactions of dislocation and precipitate. During the initial plastic deformation, the $$gamma$$ and $$gamma$$' phases undergo co-deformation through dislocation shearing without load transfer, while the Orowan looping facilitates the load transfer from $$gamma$$ to $$gamma$$' phase at a higher strain level. Furthermore, the low stacking fault energy leads to a rising fraction of screw dislocations by suppressing cross-slip. Crucially, the pinning effect of $$gamma$$' precipitates hinders the rearrangement of these dislocations into low-energy structures, resulting in the formation of high-energy, weakly screened dislocation configurations. These findings provide new evidence for the planar slip dominance in Ni-Co-based superalloys, enabling quantitative assessment of microstructural evolution and micromechanical responses.

論文

A Metallic $$p$$-wave magnet with commensurate spin helix

山田 林介*; Birch, M. T.*; Baral, P. R.*; 奥村 駿*; 中野 遼太*; Gao, S.*; 江澤 雅彦*; 野本 拓也*; Masell, J.*; 石原 由貴*; et al.

Nature, 646(8086), p.837 - 842, 2025/10

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09633-4
 被引用回数：27 パーセンタイル：98.22(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

Antiferromagnetic states with spin-split electronic structure give rise to novel spintronic, magnonic, and electronic phenomena despite (near-) zero net magnetization. The simplest odd-parity spin splitting, $$p$$-wave, was originally proposed to emerge from a collective instability in interacting electron systems. Recent theory identifies a distinct route to realise $$p$$-wave spin-split electronic bands without strong correlations, termed p-wave magnetism. Here we demonstrate an experimental realisation of a metallic $$p$$-wave magnet.

論文

Unique deformation behavior of ultrafine-grained 304 stainless steel at 20 K

Mao, W.*; Gong, W.; 川崎 卓郎; Gao, S.*; 伊東 達矢; 山下 享介*; Harjo, S.; Zhao, L.*; Wang, Q.*

Scripta Materialia, 264, p.116726_1 - 116726_6, 2025/07

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116726
 被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：46.97(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)

An ultrafine-grained 304 austenitic stainless steel exhibited pronounced serrated Luders deformation at 20 K, with stress and temperature oscillations reaching 200 MPa and 20 K. ${it In-situ}$ neutron diffraction and digital image correlation revealed discontinuous Luders band propagation and burst martensite formation. During deformation, austenite phase stress remained lower than at upper yielding, indicating elastic behavior. Notably, martensite phase stress stayed lower than austenite until fracture, likely due to stress relaxation from burst martensitic transformation at 20 K. The low martensite stress delayed brittle fracture until austenite plastically yielded during uniform deformation.

論文

Spin correlations in the nematic quantum disordered state of FeSe

Liu, R.*; Stone, M. B.*; Gao, S.*; 中村 充孝; 蒲沢 和也*; Krajewska, A.*; Walker, H. C.*; Cheng, P.*; Yu, R.*; Si, Q.*; et al.

Nature Communications (Internet), 16, p.5212_1 - 5212_8, 2025/06

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60071-2
 被引用回数：6 パーセンタイル：84.08(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

The quantum-disordered state in FeSe, intertwined with superconductivity and nematicity, has been a research focus in iron-based superconductors. Temperature-dependent differences between Q= (1, 0) and (0, 1) spin excitations above the structural transition unambiguously reveals the nematic quantum disordered state. Comparison with NaFeAs suggests the Neel excitations originate from enhanced 3dxy orbital correlations. Modeling the stripe dispersions using a J1-K-J2 Heisenberg Hamiltonian, we establish a spininteraction phase diagram, positioning FeSe near a crossover regime between the antiferroquadrupolar, Neel, and stripe orders. Our results provide key insights into themicroscopic spin interactions and their role in the intertwined orders in iron-based superconductors.

論文

Solid-state Alder-ene reaction of 1-hexene under high pressure

Xu, J.*; Lang, P.*; Liang, S.*; Zhang, J.*; Fei, Y.*; Wang, Y.*; Gao, D.*; 服部 高典; 阿部 淳*; Dong, X.*; et al.

Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters (Internet), 16(10), p.2445 - 2451, 2025/03

https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c03696
 被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：72.83(Chemistry, Physical)

アルダー-エン反応は、アルケンとアリル水素との化学反応であり、C-C結合を構築する効率的な方法である。従来、この反応には触媒、高温、あるいは光触媒が必要であった。本研究では、触媒を用いずに室温下で加圧することで成功した1-ヘキセンのアルダー-エン反応を報告する。1-ヘキセンは4.3GPaで結晶化し、18GPaで重合してオレフィンを形成する。ガスクロマトグラフィー-質量分析法により、1-ヘキセンが高圧下でのアルダー-エン反応により二量体を生成することを発見した。その場中性子回折から、この反応過程はトポケミカル則に従わないことがわかった。理論計算により、1つのC-H $$sigma$$結合と2つのアルケン$$pi$$結合を含む6員環遷移状態が示され、そのエネルギーは20GPaまで圧縮すると明らかに減少した。本研究は、触媒を用いずに室温でアルダー-エン反応を実現する新規かつ有望な方法を提供し、この重要な反応の応用を拡大するものである。

論文

Loading-direction dependence of non-basal slip activity in a pre-twinned AZ31 magnesium alloy

Go, J.*; Park, M.-H.*; Gao, S.*; 松宮 久*; Gong, W.; 辻 伸泰*

Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 1014, p.178749_1 - 178749_10, 2025/02

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.178749
 被引用回数：15 パーセンタイル：96.30(Chemistry, Physical)

In Mg alloys, basal dislocation slip is the preferential slip system that is activated at room temperature, while non-basal slips are typically difficult to activate owing to their high critical resolved shear stress. Until now, minimal focus has been directed towards the influence of loading direction on slip behavior in pre-twinned AZ31 alloys. This study employed transmission electron microscopy to demonstrate that non-basal slips, specifically prismatic and pyramidal I slips, are activated under deformation conditions where de-twinning is difficult in a pre-twinned AZ31 Mg alloy. When the tensile loading direction is parallel to the precompression direction, de-twinning and basal slip are the primary deformation modes. Conversely, when the tensile loading direction is perpendicular to the precompression direction, where de-twinning is challenging to activate, both basal and non-basal slips, such as prismatic and pyramidal I slips, emerge as the primary deformation modes. These results indicate that the pre-twinned AZ31 Mg alloy cannot deform solely through basal slips, and the activation of either de-twinning or non-basal slips is necessary to satisfy the von Mises criterion. Our findings in this study demonstrate the impact of non-basal slip activity on macroscopic yield stress and overall deformation, hence enhancing the understanding of magnesium alloy deformation mechanisms.

論文

Martensitic transformation-governed Luders deformation enables large ductility and late-stage strain hardening in ultrafine-grained austenitic stainless steel at low temperatures

Mao, W.*; Gao, S.*; Gong, W.; 川崎 卓郎; 伊東 達矢; Harjo, S.; 辻 伸泰*

Acta Materialia, 278, p.120233_1 - 120233_13, 2024/10

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2024.120233
 被引用回数：63 パーセンタイル：99.09(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

Using a hybrid method of in situ neutron diffraction and digital image correlation, we found that ultrafine-grained 304 stainless steel exhibits Luders deformation after yielding, in which the deformation behavior changes from a cooperation mechanism involving dislocation slip and martensitic transformation to one primarily governed by martensitic transformation, as the temperature decreases from 295 K to 77 K. Such martensitic transformation-governed Luders deformation delays the activation of plastic deformation in both the austenite parent and martensite product, resulting in delayed strain hardening. This preserves the strain-hardening capability for the later stage of deformation, thereby maintaining a remarkable elongation of 29% while achieving a high tensile strength of 1.87 GPa at 77 K.

論文

${it In situ}$ neutron diffraction revealing the achievement of excellent combination of strength and ductility in metastable austenitic steel by grain refinement

Mao, W.; Gong, W.; Harjo, S.; 諸岡 聡; Gao, S.*; 川崎 卓郎; 辻 伸泰*

Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 176, p.69 - 82, 2024/03

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2023.07.036
 被引用回数：28 パーセンタイル：89.13(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

Fe-24Ni-0.3C(wt.%)準安定オーステナイト鋼の降伏応力は、平均結晶粒径が35$$mu$$m(粗粒[CG])から0.5$$mu$$m(超微細粒[UFG])に減少すると3.5倍(158$$rightarrow$$551MPa)に増加したが、引張伸びは大きく維持された(0.87$$rightarrow$$0.82)。結晶粒径が力学特性と変形機構に及ぼす影響を定量的に明らかにするため、室温での引張変形中にCGとUFG Fe-24Ni-0.3C鋼のその場中性子回折測定を行った。CGとUFG試料における塑性変形の初期段階は転位すべりによって支配され、変形後期には変形誘起マルテンサイト変態(DIMT)も生じた。結晶粒の微細化により、DIMTの開始応力が大きく増加し、ひずみに関するDIMTの速度が抑制されることがわかった。結果として、(i)結晶粒微細化によりオー ステナイトが安定化し、DIMTに対して最も安定な結晶粒である$$<$$111$$>$$//LD(LD:負荷方向)オーステナイト粒でのDIMTの開始が大幅に遅れた。その結果、UFG試験片の$$<$$111$$>$$//LDオーステナイト粒のほとんどはマルテンサイトに変態しなかった。(ii)結晶粒の微細化は、マルテンサイト変態の自己促進効果も抑制した。それにもかかわらず、UFG試験片の変態速度が低いDIMTは、CG試験片のより応力を増加させるのに効率がよく、変形中に均一な変形を維持するのに適していた。以上の現象は、UFG準安定オーステナイト鋼の優れた強度と延性の両立に相互に寄与している。

論文

Validation of the $$^{10}$$Be ground-state molecular structure using $$^{10}$$Be($$p,palpha$$)$$^{6}$$He triple differential reaction cross-section measurements

Li, P. J.*; Beaumel, D.*; Lee, J.*; Assi$'e$, M.*; Chen, S.*; Franchoo, S.*; Gibelin, J.*; Hammache, F.*; Harada, T.*; 延与 佳子*; et al.

Physical Review Letters, 131(21), p.212501_1 - 212501_7, 2023/11

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.212501
 被引用回数：38 パーセンタイル：94.77(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

$$^{10}$$Beのクラスター構造を($$p,palpha$$)反応を用いて調査した。三重微分断面積が実験的に測定され、Tohsaki-Horiuchi-Schuck-R$"o$pke波動関数の方法や反対称化分子動力学を用いた歪曲波インパルス近似計算と比較した。実験データと理論計算の顕著な一致が確認され、$$^{10}$$Beの比較的コンパクトな分子状態を確認した。

論文

Quantitatively evaluating the huge L$"u$ders band deformation in an ultrafine grain stainless steel by combining ${it in situ}$ neutron diffraction and digital image correlation analysis

Mao, W.; Gao, S.*; Gong, W.; Harjo, S.; 川崎 卓郎; 辻 伸泰*

Scripta Materialia, 235, p.115642_1 - 115642_6, 2023/10

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2023.115642
 被引用回数：27 パーセンタイル：88.32(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)

本研究では、巨大なリューダースバンド変形を示す超微細粒(UFG)ステンレス鋼の引張その場中性子回折とデジタル画像相関測定を行い、バンド伝播中の歪硬化に対するオーステナイト母相と変形誘起マルテンサイトの個々の寄与を評価した。定量的解析の結果、UFG構造によって流動応力が大幅に増加した場合、オーステナイト母相のひずみ硬化は均一な変形を維持するには不十分であることがわかった。リューダースバンドの伝播に必要なひずみ硬化は、マルテンサイトの形成とその内部の高い内部応力によってもたらされた。

論文

Quantitatively evaluating respective contribution of austenite and deformation-induced martensite to flow stress, plastic strain, and strain hardening rate in tensile deformed TRIP steel

Mao, W.; Gao, S.*; Gong, W.; Bai, Y.*; Harjo, S.; Park, M.-H.*; 柴田 曉伸*; 辻 伸泰*

Acta Materialia, 256, p.119139_1 - 119139_16, 2023/09

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2023.119139
 被引用回数：77 パーセンタイル：99.11(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

変形誘起塑性(TRIP)鋼は、変形誘起マルテンサイト変態(DIMT)に伴う加工硬化率の向上により、強度と延性の優れた組み合わせを示す。TRIP鋼や合金の加工硬化挙動におけるDIMTの役割を定量的に評価することは、強度と延性の両立を可能にする先進材料を設計するための指針を与えるが、変形中に相組成が変化し続け、応力と塑性ひずみの両方が構成相間で動的に分配されるため、その評価は困難である。本研究では、Fe-24Ni-0.3C(wt.%)TRIPオーステナイト鋼の引張変形とその場中性子回折測定を行った。中性子回折測定による応力分割と相分割に基づく解析手法を提案し、試験片の引張流動応力と加工硬化率を、オーステナイト母相,変形誘起マルテンサイト、DIMT変態速度に関連する因子に分解し、試料の加工硬化挙動における各因子の役割を考察した。さらに、回折プロファイル解析により測定した転位密度を用いてオーステナイトとマルテンサイト間の塑性ひずみ分配を間接的に推定し、材料中のオーステナイトとマルテンサイト間の応力・ひずみ分配の全体像を構築した。その結果、変形誘起マルテンサイト変態速度とマルテンサイトが負担する相応力の両方が、材料の全体的な引張特性に重要な役割を果たしていることが示唆された。提案した分解解析法は、TRIP現象を示す多相合金の機械的挙動を調べるために広く適用できる可能性がある。

論文

A One-third magnetization plateau phase as evidence for the Kitaev interaction in a honeycomb-lattice antiferromagnet

Shangguan, Y.*; Bao, S.*; Dong, Z.-Y.*; Xi, N.*; Gao, Y.-P.*; Ma, Z.*; Wang, W.*; Qi, Z.*; Zhang, S.*; Huang, Z.*; et al.

Nature Physics, 19(12), p.1883 - 1889, 2023/09

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-023-02212-2
 被引用回数：34 パーセンタイル：94.20(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

The magnetization of a quantum magnet can be pinned at a fraction of its saturated value by collective effects. One example of such a plateau phase is found in spin-1/2 triangular-lattice antiferromagnets. They feature strong geometrical frustration and the plateau phase therein is often interpreted as arising from an order-by-disorder mechanism driven by quantum fluctuations. Here we observe a one-third magnetization plateau under an applied magnetic field in the spin-1 antiferromagnet Na$$_{3}$$Ni$$_{2}$$BiO$$_{6}$$ with a honeycomb lattice, which, with conventional magnetic interactions, would not be geometrically frustrated. Based on our elastic neutron scattering measurements, we propose the spin structure of the plateau phase to be an unusual partial spin-flop ferrimagnetic order. Our theoretical calculations indicate that bond-anisotropic Kitaev interactions are the source of frustration that produces the plateau. These results suggest that Kitaev interactions provide a different route to frustration and phases driven by quantum fluctuations in high-spin magnets.

論文

Multiple mechanisms in proton-induced nucleon removal at $$sim$$100 MeV/nucleon

Pohl, T.*; Sun, Y. L.*; Obertelli, A.*; Lee, J.*; G$'o$mez-Ramos, M.*; 緒方 一介*; 吉田 数貴; Cai, B. S.*; Yuan, C. X.*; Brown, B. A.*; et al.

Physical Review Letters, 130(17), p.172501_1 - 172501_8, 2023/04

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.172501
 被引用回数：19 パーセンタイル：86.92(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

大きなフェルミ面非対称性を持つ陽子過剰な$$^{14}$$O原子核からの100MeV/nucleonでの陽子による陽子・中性子除去反応について報告した。この結果は、quasi-freeノックアウト反応、非弾性散乱、核子移行反応を含む複数の反応機構の定量的寄与を初めて示すものである。このようなエネルギー領域では通常無視される非弾性散乱と核子移行の寄与が、弱束縛陽子と強束縛中性子の除去反応断面積にそれぞれ約50%と30%寄与していることが示された。

論文

Hybridized propagation of spin waves and surface acoustic waves in a multiferroic-ferromagnetic heterostructure

Chen, J.*; 山本 慧; Zhang, J.*; Ma, J.*; Wang, H.*; Sun, Y.*; Chen, M.*; Liu, S.*; Gao, P.*; Yu, D.*; et al.

Physical Review Applied (Internet), 19(2), p.024046_1 - 024046_9, 2023/02

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.19.024046
 被引用回数：10 パーセンタイル：61.95(Physics, Applied)

Coherent coupling in magnon based hybrid system has many potential applications in quantum information processing. Magnons can propagate in magnetically ordered materials without any motion of electrons, offering a unique method to build low-power-consumption devices and information channels free of heat dissipation. In this article, we demonstrate the coherent propagation of hybridized modes between spin waves and Love surface acoustic waves in a multiferroic BiFeO$$_{3}$$ and ferromagnetic La$$_{0.67}$$Sr$$_{0.33}$$MnO$$_{3}$$ based heterostructure. The magneto-elastic coupling enables a giant enhancement of strength of the hybridized mode by a factor of 26 compared to that of the pure spin waves. A short wavelength down to 250 nm is demonstrated for the hybridized mode, which is desirable for nanoscale acousto-magnonic applications. Our combined experimental and theoretical analyses represent an important step towards the coherent control in hybrid magnonics, which may inspire the study of magnon-phonon hybrid systems for coherent information processing and manipulation.

論文

New $$K$$ isomers in $$^{248}$$Cf

Orlandi, R.; 牧井 宏之; 西尾 勝久; 廣瀬 健太郎; 浅井 雅人; 塚田 和明; 佐藤 哲也; 伊藤 由太; 洲嵜 ふみ; 永目 諭一郎*; et al.

Physical Review C, 106(6), p.064301_1 - 064301_11, 2022/12

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.106.064301
 被引用回数：6 パーセンタイル：55.50(Physics, Nuclear)

The nuclear structure of $$^{248}$$Cf produced by the $$^{18}$$O+$$^{249}$$Cf multinucleon transfer reaction was investigated using $$gamma$$-ray spectroscopy. Analysis of the $$gamma$$-ray spectrum of $$^{248}$$Cf revealed the presence of multiple long-lived (isomeric) excited states at low excitation energies. The energies and half-lives of the isomers contain information on the proton and neutron orbits in the heavy-element region and the deformation of atomic nuclei, and are important data to predict the properties of nuclei in the "island of stability".

論文

Rediscovery of Hall-Petch strengthening in bulk ultrafine grained pure Mg at cryogenic temperature; A Combined ${it in situ}$ neutron diffraction and electron microscopy study

Zheng, R.*; Gong, W.; Du, J.-P.*; Gao, S.*; Liu, M.*; Li, G.*; 川崎 卓郎; Harjo, S.; Ma, C.*; 尾方 成信*; et al.

Acta Materialia, 238, p.118243_1 - 118243_15, 2022/10

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2022.118243
 被引用回数：70 パーセンタイル：97.57(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

Grain refinement can lead to the strengthening of metallic materials according to the Hall-Petch relationship. However, our recent results suggested that grain boundary sliding is the dominant deformation mode in bulk ultrafine grained (UFG) pure Mg at room temperature, leading to softening. Here, for the first time, we report that the Hall-Petch strengthening can be regained in bulk UFG pure Mg at cryogenic temperature. At 77K, the UFG pure Mg with a mean grain size of 0.6 $$mu$$m exhibited ultrahigh tensile yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of 309 MPa and 380 MPa, respectively. Combined ${it in situ}$ neutron diffraction and electron microscopy investigation indicated that residual dislocation structures and deformation twins hardly formed in the UFG specimen during tensile test at 298K. In contrast, fast accumulation of lattice defects and remarkable reorientation were evident at 77K, suggesting that the grain-boundary-mediated process was suppressed and the plastic deformation was dominated by dislocation slip and deformation twinning. In addition, all the pure Mg specimens exhibited pronounced strain hardening at 77 K, which was mainly attributed to the suppressed grain boundary sliding and dynamic recovery. The mean dislocation density and relative fractions of dislocations with various Burgers vectors of the UFG specimen deformed at 77K were determined quantitatively from neutron diffraction data.

論文

Status of the uncertainty quantification for severe accident sequences of different NPP-designs in the frame of the H-2020 project MUSA

Brumm, S.*; Gabrielli, F.*; Sanchez-Espinoza, V.*; Groudev, P.*; Ou, P.*; Zhang, W.*; Malkhasyan, A.*; Bocanegra, R.*; Herranz, L. E.*; Berda$"i$, M.*; et al.

Proceedings of 10th European Review Meeting on Severe Accident Research (ERMSAR 2022) (Internet), 13 Pages, 2022/05

The current HORIZON-2020 project on "Management and Uncertainties of Severe Accidents (MUSA)" aims at applying Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) in the modeling of Severe Accidents (SA), particularly in predicting the radiological source term of mitigated and unmitigated accident scenarios. Within its application part, the project is devoted to the uncertainty quantification of different severe accident codes when predicting the radiological source term of selected severe accident sequences of different nuclear power plant designs, e.g. PWR, VVER, and BWR. Key steps for this investigation are, (a) the selection of severe accident sequences for each reactor design, (b) the development of a reference input model for the specific design and SA-code, (c) the selection of a list of uncertain model parameters to be investigated, (d) the choice of an UQ-tool e.g. DAKOTA, SUSA, URANIE, etc., (e) the definition of the figures of merit for the UA-analysis, (f) the performance of the simulations with the SA-codes, and, (g) the statistical evaluation of the results using the capabilities, i.e. methods and tools offered by the UQ-tools. This paper describes the project status of the UQ of different SA codes for the selected SA sequences, and the technical challenges and lessons learnt from the preparatory and exploratory investigations performed.

論文

Achieving excellent mechanical properties in type 316 stainless steel by tailoring grain size in homogeneously recovered or recrystallized nanostructures

Liu, M.*; Gong, W.; Zheng, R.*; Li, J.*; Zhang, Z.*; Gao, S.*; Ma, C.*; 辻 伸泰*

Acta Materialia, 226, p.117629_1 - 117629_13, 2022/03

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2022.117629
 被引用回数：126 パーセンタイル：99.53(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

One hopeful path to realize good comprehensive mechanical properties in metallic materials is to accomplish homogeneous nanocrystalline (NC) or ultrafine grained (UFG) structure with low dislocation density. In this work, high pressure torsion deformation followed by appropriate annealing was performed on 316 stainless steel (SS). For the first time, we successfully obtained NC/UFG 316 SS having uniform microstructures with various average grain sizes ranging from 46 nm to 2.54 $$mu$$m and low dislocation densities. Among the series, an un-precedentedly high yield strength (2.34 GPa) was achieved at the smallest grain size of 46 nm, in which dislocation scarcity induced hardening accounting for 57% of the strength. On the other hand, exceptional strength-ductility synergy with high yield strength (900 MPa) and large uniform elongation (27%) was obtained in the fully recrystallized specimen having the grain size of 0.38 $$mu$$m. The high yield stress and scarcity of dislocation sources in recrystallized UFGs activated stacking faults and deformation twins nucleating from grain boundaries during straining, and their interaction with dislocations allowed for sustainable strain hardening, which also agreed with the plaston concept recently proposed. The multiple deformation modes activated, together with the effective strengthening mechanisms, were responsible for the outstanding comprehensive mechanical performance of the material.

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