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論文

Seafood dose parameters; Updating $$^{210}$$Po retention factors for cooking, decay loss and mariculture

Johansen, M. P.*; Carpenter, J. G.*; Charmasson, S.*; Gwynn, J. P.*; McGinnity, P.*; 森 愛理; Orr, B.*; Simon-Cornu, M.*; Osvath, I.*

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 268-269, p.107243_1 - 107243_10, 2023/11

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2023.107243
 被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：0(Environmental Sciences)

$$^{210}$$Po has been identified as one of the main contributors to ingestion doses to humans, particularly from the consumption of seafood. The amount of $$^{210}$$Po activity concentration data for various types of seafood has increased greatly in recent times. However, to provide realistic seafood dose assessments, most $$^{210}$$Po data requires correction to account for losses that can occur before the seafood is actually consumed. We develop generic correction factors for the main processes associated with reduction of $$^{210}$$Po in seafood - leaching during cooking, radioactive decay between harvest and consumption, and sourcing from mariculture versus wild-caught. When seafood is cooked, the overall mean fraction of $$^{210}$$Po retained is 0.74 for all cooking and seafood types, with the means for various seafoods and cooking categories ranging from 0.56 to 1.03. When considering radioactive decay between harvest and consumption, the overall mean fraction remaining is 0.81 across all seafood preservation/packaging types, with estimates ranging from 0.50 (canned seafood) to 0.98 (fresh seafood). Regarding mariculture influence, the available limited data suggest marine fish and crustaceans raised with processed feed have about one order of magnitude lower $$^{210}$$Po muscle content than wild-caught seafood of the same or similar species, although this ratio varies. Overall, this study concludes that $$^{210}$$Po activity concentrations in seafood at the time of ingestion may be reduced to only about 55% compared to when it was harvested. Therefore, correction factors must be applied to any data derived from environmental monitoring in order to achieve realistic dose estimates. The data also suggest lower $$^{210}$$Po ingestion doses for consumers who routinely favour cooked, long shelf-life and farmed fish/crustaceans. However, more data is needed in some categories, especially for cooking of molluscs and seaweed, and for the $$^{210}$$Po content in all farmed seafood.

論文

Single-neutron orbits near $$^{78}$$Ni; Spectroscopy of the N=49 isotope $$^{79}$$Zn

Orlandi, R.; M$"u$cher, D.*; Raabe, R.*; Jungclaus, A.*; Pain, S. D.*; Bildstein, V.*; Chapman, R.*; De Angelis, G.*; Johansen, J. G.*; Van Duppen, P.*; et al.

Physics Letters B, 740, p.298 - 302, 2015/01

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2014.12.006
 被引用回数：29 パーセンタイル：85.36(Astronomy & Astrophysics)

Single-neutron states in $$^{79}$$Zn have been populated using the reaction $$^{78}$$Zn(d,p) at REX-Isolde, CERN. The analysis reveals that the lowest excited states in $$^{79}$$Zn lie at approximately 1 MeV, and involve neutron orbits above the N=50 shell gap. A 5/2$$^{+}$$ configuration was assigned to the 983-keV state. Comparison with large-scale shell model calculations supports a robust neutron N=50 shell closure for $$^{78}$$Ni. These data constitute an important step towards the understanding the magicity of $$^{78}$$Ni and the structure of nuclei in the region.

論文

Mult-code ${{it ab initio}}$ calculation of ionization distributions and radiation losses for tungsten in tokamak plasmas

Ralchenko, Y.*; Abdallah, J. Jr.*; Bar-Shalom, A.*; Bauche, J.*; Bauche-Arnoult, C.*; Bowen, C.*; Busquet, M.*; Chung, H.-K.*; Colgan, J.*; Faussurier, G.*; et al.

AIP Conference Proceedings 1161, p.242 - 250, 2009/08

https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3241195

磁場閉じ込め核融合で用いられるタングステンプラズマにおけるイオン分布と放射損失の計算結果について述べる。シミュレーションは、nonLTEコード比較ワークショップの一環として行われたもので、各著者によって独立に開発した衝突輻射モデルの相互比較を行った。コード間で全体的に良い一致が見られたが、温度2$$sim$$3keVの低温の条件において、実験結果と顕著な違いが認められた。

論文

Measurement of $$2l-nl$$' X-ray transitions from $$approx$$1 $$mu$$m Kr clusters irradiated by high-intensity femtosecond laser pulses

Hansen, S. B.*; Fournier, K. B.*; Faenov, A. Y.*; Magunov, A. I.*; Pikuz, T. A.*; Skobelev, I. Y.*; 福田 祐仁; 赤羽 温; 青山 誠; 井上 典洋*; et al.

Physical Review E, 71(1), p.016408_1 - 016408_9, 2005/01

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.71.016408
 被引用回数：16 パーセンタイル：57.67(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)

原研100TWレーザーを直径約1$$mu$$mのKrクラスターに照射し、Ne-like Krイオンの$$2l-nl$$'遷移に由来するX線スペクトルを測定した。X線スペクトルの入射レーザー光の強度に対する依存性は弱かった。このことは、クラスターの寿命(1-2ps)が、衝突イオン化で生成した多価イオンのイオン化レベルをNe-like Krまでに留めていることを示唆している。 相対論的多配置FACコードに基づいた衝突放射モデルを作成し、実験結果のシミュレーションを行った。その結果、クラスタープラズマの電子密度=10$$^{22}$$cm$$^{-3}$$,温度=数百eV,高速電子含有率=数%という結果が得られた。

口頭

High resolution X-ray spectroscopy of plasma irradiated by ultra-short laser pulses with intensities of 10$$^{21}$$ W/cm$$^{2}$$

Faenov, A.*; Hansen, S. B.*; Colgan, J.*; Abdallah, J.*; Pikuz, T.; Pikuz, S. A.*; Skobelev, I. Y.*; 西内 満美子; 榊 泰直; 前田 祥太; et al.

no journal, , 

We present new set of measurements of high spectrally resolved K-shell spectra of Al and Fe plasma obtained by thin foils irradiation using 40 fs laser pulses of J-KAREN laser facility with intensities up to 10$$^{21}$$ W/cm$$^{2}$$. Dependences of X-ray spectra from laser energy and thicknesses of foils were investigated. Measured power-law dependence of X-ray intensity vs laser beam intensity confirmed that at laser intensities higher than 10$$^{20}$$ W/cm$$^{2}$$ Radiation Dominated regime could be reached. Two independent models are used to provide a detail theoretical study of the various configurations and processes roles in the formation of the observed spectra. Modeling demonstrated strong influence of X-ray photo pumping from laser-produced plasma for intensity and structure of observed X-ray spectra.

口頭

Low-energy states in $$^{79}$$Zn and the structure of $$^{78}$$Ni

Orlandi, R.; M$"u$cher, D.*; Raabe, R.*; Jungclaus, A.*; Pain, S. D.*; Bildstein, V.*; Chapman, R.*; De Angelis, G.*; Johansen, J. G.*; Van Duppen, P.*; et al.

no journal, , 

Single-neutron states in the $$N$$ = 49 isotope $$^{79}$$Zn were populated in the $$^{78}$$Zn(d,p)$$^{79}$$Zn transfer reaction at REX-ISOLDE, CERN. The combined detection of protons ejected in the reaction and of $$gamma$$ rays emitted by $$^{79}$$Zn permitted the identification of the lowest-lying 5/2$$^+$$ and 1/2$$^+$$ excited states. The analysis of proton angular distributions links these states to a significant amount of single-particle strength around 1 MeV, and specifically to the $$nu$$d$$_{5/2}$$ and $$nu$$s$$_{1/2}$$ neutron orbits, which lie above the $$N$$ = 50 neutron shell gap. Comparison with large-scale-shell-model calculations supports a robust $$N$$ = 50 shell-closure for $$^{78}$$Ni. These data constitute a considerable step towards the understanding of the magicity of $$^{78}$$Ni and of the structure of isotopes in the region.

口頭

A New global seafood dose assessment

Johansen, M. P.*; Carpenter, J. G.*; Charmasson, S.*; Gwynn, J. P.*; McGinnity, P.*; 森 愛理; Orr, B.*; Simon-Cornu, M.*; Osvath, I.*

no journal, , 

Artificial and natural radionuclides are known to accumulate in seafood worldwide and cause internal dose to seafood consumers. It has been nearly 30 years since the IAEA MARDOS global seafood dose assessment was published. Since then, world seafood consumption has increased, diet patterns have changed, and new inputs of radionuclides into marine systems have occurred. A new global assessment of seafood dose is being conducted that uses a much-expanded global database on radionuclides in seafood (Marine Radioactivity Information System -MARIS) as well as global diet data and updated parameters for dose calculation. The new assessment: (i) Evaluates 16 natural and anthropogenic radionuclides. (ii) Draws from more than 84,856 global data for biota in MARIS, from which 31,665 final activity concentration data passed quality assurance screening. (iii) Uses seafood consumption data from diet studies representing approximately 35% of the world population. (iv) Develops new correction factors for the loss of Po-210 from cooking and radiological decay as well as the decreases in Po-210 in maricultured seafood. (v) Implements a bespoke Monte Carlo application for calculating seafood dose distributions. (vi) Compiles and evaluates + 150 seafood ingestion dose estimates published in the past 30 years. The results provide well-supported estimates on the mean and distribution of background seafood dose for world consumers. This important new result provides a comparative reference for local, regional and national dose assessments; for the dose rates resulting from facility and accident releases, and for quantifying the global changes in ingestion dose from seafood over time. The assessment is being conducted within the IAEA Coordinated Research Project "Behaviour and Effects of Natural and Anthropogenic Radionuclides in the Marine Environment and their Use as Tracers for Oceanography Studies."

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