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Journal Articles

Public acceptance of nuclear waste disposal sites; A Decision-making process utilising the "veil of ignorance" concept

Yokoyama, Miki*; Onuma, Susumu*; Osawa, Hideaki; Otomo, Shoji*; Hirose, Yukio*

Humanities & Social Sciences Communications (Internet), 10(1), p.623_1 - 623_10, 2023/09

This study demonstrates that a decision-making process utilising "the veil of ignorance" concept, defined in process terms as beginning from a blank slate encompassing the entire country as potential sites and shortlisting candidate sites based on scientific (geological) safety, promotes public acceptance of siting a repository for the geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste and fosters procedural fairness.

Journal Articles

Effects of management strategy and of site selection process for high-level radioactive waste disposal on acceptance of siting repository in a Germany case

Osawa, Hideaki; Hirose, Yukio*; Otomo, Shoji*; Onuma, Susumu*

Nihon Risuku Kenkyu Gakkai-Shi (Internet), 31(3), p.235 - 247, 2022/03

This study examined effects of a management policy and of site selection process for high-level radioactive waste disposal on acceptance of siting repository in a German case. Data from 1,000 German residents, assigned by population composition ratio of 16 states, were collected in 2018 by internet survey. We assumed three steps of acceptance: management policy, site selection process, and siting repository. We also hypothesized national consensus of the former two steps were relevant factors on the acceptances. Results indicated that national consensus of site selection process directly had an effect on acceptance of siting repository, while acceptance and national consensus of management policy had an effect on national consensus of site selection process. In addition, acceptances of management policy and site selection process had effects on procedural and interpersonal fairness, while national consensus of management policy and site selection process as well as acceptance of site selection had effects on distributive fairness.

Journal Articles

Thermally altered subsurface material of asteroid (162173) Ryugu

Kitazato, Kohei*; Milliken, R. E.*; Iwata, Takahiro*; Abe, Masanao*; Otake, Makiko*; Matsuura, Shuji*; Takagi, Yasuhiko*; Nakamura, Tomoki*; Hiroi, Takahiro*; Matsuoka, Moe*; et al.

Nature Astronomy (Internet), 5(3), p.246 - 250, 2021/03

 Times Cited Count:30 Percentile:96.87(Astronomy & Astrophysics)

Here we report observations of Ryugu's subsurface material by the Near-Infrared Spectrometer (NIRS3) on the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. Reflectance spectra of excavated material exhibit a hydroxyl (OH) absorption feature that is slightly stronger and peak-shifted compared with that observed for the surface, indicating that space weathering and/or radiative heating have caused subtle spectral changes in the uppermost surface. However, the strength and shape of the OH feature still suggests that the subsurface material experienced heating above 300 $$^{circ}$$C, similar to the surface. In contrast, thermophysical modeling indicates that radiative heating does not increase the temperature above 200 $$^{circ}$$C at the estimated excavation depth of 1 m, even if the semimajor axis is reduced to 0.344 au. This supports the hypothesis that primary thermal alteration occurred due to radiogenic and/or impact heating on Ryugu's parent body.

Journal Articles

The Framing effects of compensation and taboo trade-offs on acceptance of NIMBY Facility; A Scenario experiment of high level radioactive waste geological repository

Iino, Mari*; Onuma, Susumu*; Hirose, Yukio*; Osawa, Hideaki; Otomo, Shoji*

Nihon Risuku Kenkyu Gakkai-Shi, 29(2), p.95 - 102, 2019/10

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of compensation framing on acceptance of a high level radioactive waste (HLW) geological repository. The results demonstrated that there were no main effects of condition, which suggested that the framing of compensation had no significant impact on acceptance of a HLW geological repository.

Journal Articles

Effects of trust and procedural fairness on public acceptance of siting a repository for high-level radioactive waste

Osawa, Hideaki; Otomo, Shoji*; Hirose, Yukio*; Onuma, Susumu*

Ningen Kankyogaku Kenkyu, 17(1), p.59 - 64, 2019/06

This study examined the determinants of public acceptance of siting a repository for High-level radioactive waste (HLW), focusing on procedural fairness and trust. To examine the presumption, the study implemented a hypothetical scenario experiment that manipulated two factors: an opportunity of voice as an antecedent of procedural fairness and similarity value to the authority as a component of trust. Results indicated that affective reaction, procedural fairness, and trust determined public acceptance. A process analysis indicated that the effect of procedural fairness was strengthened when the trust on similarity was negative.

Journal Articles

Decision-making process on selection of management policy for high-level radioactive waste; As an example of Switzerland and United Kingdom

Osawa, Hideaki; Hirose, Yukio*; Onuma, Susumu*; Otomo, Shoji*

Shakai Anzengaku Kenkyu, 9, p.145 - 160, 2019/03

We compared decision-making process on selection of management policy for high-level radioactive waste between Switzerland and UK by document review. The decision-making was performed extraction of options, establishment of comparative criteria, assessment and selection of options in turn. As comparative criteria, safety and intergenerational fairness etc. were considered to be important. The position of 'Deal with it now by waste disposal' emphasizing the responsibility of the present generation had a trade-off relation with that of 'Leave it until later by long-term storage' emphasizing the rights of future generations. The sense of values, recusing HLW repository as so-called troublesome facility against future and present generation, appeared to be mitigated through the consideration of trade-off relation described above. As a result, both countries have chosen waste disposal considering reversibility of decisions and retrievability of radioactive waste.

Journal Articles

Decision-making process on site selection for the deep geological repository of high-level radioactive waste; As an example of Switzerland and United Kingdom

Osawa, Hideaki; Hirose, Yukio*; Onuma, Susumu*; Otomo, Shoji*

Shakai Anzengaku Kenkyu, 9, p.161 - 176, 2019/03

We compared site selection process by a voluntarism and partnership approach in UK, and that by screening based primarily on technical criteria with the main emphasis on safety in Switzerland, by document review. The voluntarism and partnership approach in UK is based on the ethical consideration that fairness in siting facilities could only be achieved by the enhancement of well-being and public acceptability based on a willingness to participate and a right to withdraw from a siting process. On the other hand, it could be interpreted that the screening approach with the main emphasis on safety in Switzerland would be based on the concept of the ignorance of veil, hypothesized that people would accept the decision if they consent the decision way beforehand under condition everyone could be involved in as a potential interest party.

Journal Articles

Can the decision way by the "veil of ignorance" promote public acceptance?; A Hypothetical scenario survey about selecting a candidate site for geological disposal of high level radioactive waste in Japan

Onuma, Susumu*; Hirose, Yukio*; Osawa, Hideaki; Otomo, Shoji*; Yokoyama, Miki*

Nihon Risuku Kenkyu Gakkai Dai-31-Kai Nenji Taikai Koen Rombunshu (USB Flash Drive), 6 Pages, 2018/11

One reason of not being decided a candidate site for geological disposal of high level radioactive waste is that strong opposition occurs once a name of the place where residents live even if they can understand the necessity of the facility. Therefore, we hypothesized that people would accept the decision if they consent the decision way beforehand under the condition everyone can be involved in as a potential interest party (the ignorance of veil). A hypothetical scenario survey was conducted in Japan. The results revealed that the decision way and the decision under the ignorance of veil were likely to be accepted more than the current decision way even if they became candidate site. Moreover, the decision way under the ignorance of veil was evaluated higher procedural fairness, while the current way was low procedural fairness.

Journal Articles

Determinants of public acceptance on siting a geological disposal facility for high-level radioactive waste in France

Osawa, Hideaki; Otomo, Shoji*; Onuma, Susumu*; Hirose, Yukio*

Shakai Gijutsu Kenkyu Rombunshu, 13, p.86 - 95, 2016/05

This study examined determinants of public acceptance regarding siting a geological disposal facility for high-level radioactive waste (HLW) in France, where a candidate site has been selected following on a variety of public involvement activities. Data from 886 French residents were collected in 2014 by an internet survey that was performed near a district that is a candidate for a HLW repository and in an outlying region away from the candidate site. Results indicate that procedural fairness, intergenerational subjective norm, public benefit and personal benefit were significant factors for public acceptance in dealing with the NIMBY issue in addition to factors such as trust, risk perception and stigma, dealt with in previous research on risk analysis. Furthermore, personal benefit and affect had stronger impact on the acceptance than public benefit, procedural fairness and intergenerational subjective norm.

Journal Articles

The Impacts of Fukushima nuclear accident on public acceptance of geological disposal of high level radioactive waste

Otomo, Shoji*; Osawa, Hideaki; Hirose, Yukio*; Onuma, Susumu*

Nihon Risuku Kenkyu Gakkai-Shi, 24(1), p.49 - 59, 2014/07

This study examined the impacts of the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant accident on the public acceptance of siting a disposal facility of high level radioactive waste (HLW). 1930 Japanese people completed longitudinal internet surveys that were measured before the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant accident (in February, 2011) and after the accident (in February, 2012). Results indicated that the level of public acceptance of investigation for siting of geological disposal facility was decreased after the accident. Intergenerational subjective norm, social benefit and procedural fairness determined public acceptance consistently before and after the accident. Moreover, the perceptions of stigma and intergenerational subjective norm were altered dramatically after the accident. Our results show that the Fukushima nuclear accident reminds people of ethical problems of acceptance of geological disposal facility of HLW.

Journal Articles

Faireness on decision-making process of management policy for high-level radioactive waste and siting of repository in France

Osawa, Hideaki; Hirose, Yukio*; Onuma, Susumu*; Otomo, Shoji*

Shakai Anzengaku Kenkyu, 4, p.51 - 76, 2014/03

The purpose of our study is to estimate procedural fairness and distributive fairness of decision-making process of high-level waste management policy and siting in France. We conducted normative analysis by document review and interview survey with CILS members, a sociologist participated in the public dibate on HLW management policy in 2005 by CNDP, and staffs in ANDRA which is the implementer of HLW management in France. The results show that prior clarification when and how decision-making of HLW management policy and siting will be carried out in the step-wise approach is important to enhance the legitimacy of the process. With regard to distributive farireness between intergeneration, it is important to carefully consider responsibility of current generation and decision right of future generation in terms of equity and equality in the fair decision-making process, because decision of HLW management policy might depend on concept of distributive fairness between intergeneration. It is necessary to carefully debate in the in the fair decision-making process of both distributive fairness of negative legacy between interregionals and economical distributive fairness, because they are inextricably linked together.

Journal Articles

Development of measurement technique for lattice spacing at stress free by neutron diffraction method

Minakawa, Nobuaki; Saito, Toru; Morii, Yukio; Sasaki, Toshihiko*; Hirose, Yukio*

Nihon Zairyo Gakkai Dai-36-Kai X Sen Zairyo Kyodo Ni Kansuru Shimpojiumu Koen Rombunshu, p.253 - 258, 2000/09

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Neutron stress measurement using neutron image plate, 3

Sasaki, Toshihiko*; Minakawa, Nobuaki; Morii, Yukio; Niimura, Nobuo; Hirose, Yukio*

Nihon Zairyo Gakkai Dai-36-Kai X Sen Zairyo Kyodo Ni Kansuru Shimpojiumu Koen Rombunshu, p.259 - 262, 2000/09

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

A Fundamental study on measurement of residual internal stress of sintered Fe-Cr/TiN composite material with neutron diffraction

Takago, S.*; Sasaki, Toshihiko*; Minakawa, Nobuaki; Morii, Yukio; Hirose, Yukio*

Nihon Zairyo Gakkai Dai-36-Kai X Sen Zairyo Kyodo Ni Kansuru Shimpojiumu Koen Rombunshu, p.266 - 271, 2000/09

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Stress measurement of sintered Fe-Cr/TiN composite material with X-ray and neutron diffraction methods

Takago, S.*; Sasaki, Toshihiko*; Minakawa, Nobuaki; Morii, Yukio; Hirose, Yukio*

Proceedings of 6th International Conference on Residual Stressess (ICRS-6), Vol.1, p.41 - 48, 2000/07

no abstracts in English

JAEA Reports

None

Tateishi, Yoshinori*; *; ; ; Sawayama, Yukio; Hirose, Ikuro

PNC TN841 81-53, 51 Pages, 1981/09

PNC-TN841-81-53.pdf:2.78MB

no abstracts in English

JAEA Reports

"JOYO" Start-up test report; PT-42 Decay heat removal by auxiliary cooling system

Hirose, Tadashi*; Endo, Masayuki*; Nanashima, Takeshi*; Doi, Motoo*; Enomoto, Toshihiko*; Suzuki, Yukio*; Sekiguchi, Yoshiyuki*; Yamamoto, Hisashi*

PNC TN941 79-91, 81 Pages, 1978/12

PNC-TN941-79-91.pdf:4.66MB

This system is used to remove reactor decay heat in cases where the main cooling system is inoperable for unexpected reasons, a lower than normal sodium level exists in the R/V or during in-service inspection in the R/V. The purpose of this test is to verify that the design heat removal rate (2.6MWt) can be achieved by the Auxiliary cooling system. With the sodium level lowered below main cooling system outlet nozzles and the coolant temperature (DHX outlet temperature) controlled at 250 $$^{circ}$$C, the reactor power was increased first to approx. 1MW (1.16 MWt actual) and then to 2 MW (2.16 MWt actual) to provide the "decay heat". At both steps, steady-state conditions were verified and test data were recorded, from which the heat removal rate at design conditions was calculated. (Testing was terminated after the second step to maintain the calculated distortion of the partially-filled R/V within prescribed limits.) Test Results : At the second test condition (reactor power = 2.16 MWt) the R/V inlet Na temperature of 267 $$^{circ}$$C corresponded to a 72% open DHX inlet vane setting. Extraporating this to the design condition (R/V inlet temperature = 370$$^{circ}$$C), a 100% DHX vane opening would permit the removal of 3.1 MWt decay heat.

JAEA Reports

None

Miura, Makoto; Omori, Takuro; ; ; Shiina, Sadamu; Sawayama, Yukio; Hirose, Ikuro

PNC TN841 78-64, 68 Pages, 1978/11

PNC-TN841-78-64.pdf:3.56MB

no abstracts in English

Oral presentation

Neutron stress analysis from diffraction image data obtained with area detector

Sasaki, Toshihiko*; Kobayashi, Yuichi*; Morii, Yukio; Metoki, Naoto; Hirose, Yukio*

no journal, , 

no abstracts in English

Oral presentation

Area detector type neutron stress measurement under limiting gauge volume

Sasaki, Toshihiko*; Takahashi, Shunichi*; Ishida, Hitomi*; Suzuki, Hiroshi; Moriai, Atsushi; Morii, Yukio; Hirose, Yukio*

no journal, , 

no abstracts in English

37 (Records 1-20 displayed on this page)