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Ishikawa, Ryoya*; Suzuki, Masatoshi*; Kino, Yasushi*; Endo, Satoru*; Nakajima, Hiroo*; Oka, Toshitaka; Takahashi, Atsushi*; Shimizu, Yoshinaka*; Suzuki, Toshihiko*; Shinoda, Hisashi*; et al.
KEK Proceedings 2022-2, p.61 - 66, 2022/11
The balance between oxidative stress and antioxidant activity, which is a defense mechanism against oxidative stress, was investigated in the liver and bladder of wild Japanese macaques captured in Fukushima Prefecture. No significant induction of oxidative stress by exposure to environmental radionuclides after the Fukushima nuclear accident was observed, suggesting that the stress defense mechanism of the organism is activated in some organs.
scattering length from 
photoproduction on the proton near the reaction thresholdIshikawa, Takatsugu*; Fujimura, Hisako*; Fukasawa, Hiroshi*; Hashimoto, Ryo*; He, Q.*; Honda, Yuki*; Hosaka, Atsushi; Iwata, Takahiro*; Kaida, Shun*; Kasagi, Jirota*; et al.
Physical Review C, 101(5), p.052201_1 - 052201_6, 2020/05
Times Cited Count：4 Percentile：45.12(Physics, Nuclear)Takechi, Manabu; Matsunaga, Go; Sakurai, Shinji; Sasajima, Tadayuki; Yagyu, Junichi; Hoshi, Ryo*; Kawamata, Yoichi; Kurihara, Kenichi; JT-60SA Team; Nishikawa, T.*; et al.
Fusion Engineering and Design, 96-97, p.985 - 988, 2015/10
Times Cited Count：10 Percentile：64.63(Nuclear Science & Technology)
n eingenmodes and energetic ions on tokamaksShinohara, Koji; Takechi, Manabu; Ishikawa, Masao
Purazuma, Kaku Yugo Gakkai-Shi, 83(11), p.873 - 882, 2007/11
no abstracts in English
n eigenmodes in JT-60U weak shear plasmasIshikawa, Masao; Takechi, Manabu; Shinohara, Koji; Cheng, C. Z.*; Matsunaga, Go; Kusama, Yoshinori; Fukuyama, Atsushi*; Nishitani, Takeo; Morioka, Atsuhiko; Sasao, Mamiko*; et al.
Nuclear Fusion, 47(8), p.849 - 855, 2007/08
Times Cited Count：22 Percentile：60.47(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)Confinement degradation of energetic ions due to Alfvn Eigenmodes (AEs) induced by negative-ion-based neutral beam injection for the classical confinement is quantitatively evaluated for the first time. AEs, whose frequency largely sweep and then saturate as the minimum value of the safety factor decrease, have been observed in JT-60U. These mode behavior can be explained by RSAEs and the transition from RSAEs to TAEs. Measured total neutron emission rate in the presence of these AEs is compared with that predicted by a classical theory. As a result, confinement degradation of energetic ions is confirmed. Line-integrated neutron emission profile is also compared with that predicted when assuming that the confinement is classical. The result indicates energetic ions are transported from core region of the plasma due to these AEs.
n modes in JT-60UBriguglio, S.*; Fogaccia, G.*; Vlad, G.*; Zonca, F.*; Shinohara, Koji; Ishikawa, Masao; Takechi, Manabu
Physics of Plasmas, 14(5), p.055904_1 - 055904_10, 2007/05
Times Cited Count：42 Percentile：79.54(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)Ishikawa, Masao; Nishitani, Takeo; Kusama, Yoshinori; Sukegawa, Atsuhiko; Takechi, Manabu; Shinohara, Koji; Krasilnikov, V. A.*; Kaschuck, Y.*; Sasao, Mamiko*; Isobe, Mitsutaka*; et al.
Plasma and Fusion Research (Internet), 2, p.019_1 - 019_11, 2007/05
no abstracts in English
Suzuki, Takahiro; Ide, Shunsuke; Oikawa, Toshihiro; Fujita, Takaaki; Ishikawa, Masao*; Seki, Masami; Matsunaga, Go; Takechi, Manabu; Naito, Osamu; Hamamatsu, Kiyotaka; et al.
Proceedings of 21st IAEA Fusion Energy Conference (FEC 2006) (CD-ROM), 8 Pages, 2007/03
For the first time, we have measured the current density profile for off-axis neutral beam current drive (NBCD), using motional Stark effect (MSE) diagnostic. A spatially localized NBCD profile was clearly observed at 
. The location was also confirmed by neutron emission profile measurement. The total amount of the driven current (0.15MA) was consistent with the decrease in the surface loop voltage. The off-axis current drive can raise safety factor (q) in the center and help to avoid instability that limits performance of the plasma. We have developed a real-time control system of the minimum q (qmin), using the off-axis current drive. Injection power of lower hybrid (LH) waves, and hence, its off-axis driven current controls qmin. In a high 
plasma (
, 
), the system was adopted to control qmin. With the control, qmin was raised and MHD fluctuations were suppressed. The stored energy increased by 16% with the MHD fluctuations suppressed.
n eigenmodes in JT-60U negative-ion-based neutral beam injection plasmasIshikawa, Masao; Takechi, Manabu; Shinohara, Koji; Matsunaga, Go; Kusama, Yoshinori; Fukuyama, Atsushi*; Krasilnikov, V. A.*; Kashuck, Yu.*; Nishitani, Takeo; Morioka, Atsuhiko; et al.
Proceedings of 21st IAEA Fusion Energy Conference (FEC 2006) (CD-ROM), 8 Pages, 2007/03
Confinement degradation of energetic ions due to Alfvn Eigenmodes (AEs) induced by negative-ion-based neutral beam injection for the classical confinement is quantitatively evaluated for the first time. AEs, whose frequency largely sweep with the time scale of a few hundreds millisecond as the minimum value of the safety factor decrease, have been observed in JT-60U. These mode behavior can be explained by reversed-shear induced AEs (RSAEs). Measured total neutron emission rate (Sn) in the presence of the AEs is compared with that predicted by a classical theory. As a result, confinement degradation of energetic ions is confirmed, Line-integrated neutron emission profile is also compared with that predicted when assuming that the confinement is classical. The result indicates energetic ions are transported from core region of the plasma due to these AEs. Further, changes in energy distribution of charge exchange neutral fluxes suggest radial transport is due to the resonance interaction between energetic ions and AEs.
n-mode dynamics in JT-60U dischargesVlad, G.*; Briguglio, S.*; Fogaccia, G.*; Shinohara, Koji; Ishikawa, Masao; Takechi, Manabu; Zonca, F.*
Proceedings of 21st IAEA Fusion Energy Conference (FEC 2006) (CD-ROM), 8 Pages, 2007/03
The results of particle simulations of a typical NNB-heated JT-60U discharge, performed by the HMGC particle-in-cell code, are presented. We observe that the linear-growth phase is dominated by a fast-growing mode, localized at half radius, near the maximum of the energetic-ion pressure gradient and with a significant coupling with the Alfvn continuum, showing the energetic-particle-driven nature of the mode. As the nonlinear effects become important, a macroscopic outward displacement of the energetic ions is observed, producing a significant reduction of their density in the central region. These results seem to match quite well the dynamics of the abrupt large-amplitude event (ALE) experimentally observed in the JT-60U discharge. The time scale and frequency spread of the ALE are well reproduced too.
Kawahata, Kazuo*; Kawano, Yasunori; Kusama, Yoshinori; Mase, Atsushi*; Sasao, Mamiko*; Sugie, Tatsuo; Fujita, Takaaki; Fukuda, Takeshi*; Fukuyama, Atsushi*; Sakamoto, Yoshiteru; et al.
Purazuma, Kaku Yugo Gakkai-Shi, 83(2), p.195 - 198, 2007/02
no abstracts in English
n eigenmodes in JT-60U weak shear plasmasIshikawa, Masao; Takechi, Manabu; Shinohara, Koji; Kusama, Yoshinori; Matsunaga, Go; Krasilnikov, V. A.*; Kashuck, Y.*; Isobe, Mitsutaka*; Nishitani, Takeo; Sukegawa, Atsuhiko; et al.
Nuclear Fusion, 46(10), p.S898 - S903, 2006/10
Times Cited Count：16 Percentile：48.35(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)Confinement degradation of energetic ions due to Alfvn eigenmodes (AEs) has been investigated with negative ion based neutral beam injection into JT-60U weak shear plasmas. AEs with a rapid frequency sweeping and then saturation as the minimum value of the safety factor decreases have been observed. This frequency behaviour can be explained by RSAE and the transition from RSAEs toTAEs. The associated change in the charge exchange neutral particle flux suggests energetic ion transport due to these AEs. The total neutron emission reduction rate in the presence of these AEs is evaluated by calculation using the orbit following Monte-Carlo code taking into account the change in bulk plasmas. The evaluation indicates confinement of energetic ions is degraded due to these AEs. In particular, it is found that the confinement degradation of energetic ions is maximum during the transition from RSAEs to TAEs.
Ishikawa, Masao; Takechi, Manabu; Shinohara, Koji; Kusama, Yoshinori; Cheng, C. Z.*; Matsunaga, Go; Todo, Yasushi*; Gorelenkov, N. N.*; Kramer, G. J.*; Nazikian, R. M.*; et al.
Nuclear Fusion, 45(12), p.1474 - 1480, 2005/12
Times Cited Count：38 Percentile：74.93(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)To investigate energetic ion transport induced by Alfven eigenmodes (AEs) the neutron emission profile measurement and the charge exchange (CX) neutral particle flux measurement by Natural Diamond Detector has been performed simultaneously in the JT-60U for the first time. The energetic ion profiles inferred from these measurements indicate that ALEs cause a radial redistribution of energetic ions of limited energy range from the core region to the outer region of the plasma in weak shear plasmas. This energy range is consistent with the resonance condition between the mode and the energetic ions. In reversed shear plasmas, reversed-shear-induced AEs (RSAEs) and their transition to TAEs as the minimum value of the safety factor decreases has been observed. Neutron measurements suggest energetic ion loss is large in the transition phase from RSAEs to TAEs.
n eigenmodes in reversed shear plasmas in JT-60U negative-ion-based neutral beam injection dischargesTakechi, Manabu; Fukuyama, Atsushi*; Ishikawa, Masao; Cheng, C. Z.*; Shinohara, Koji; Ozeki, Takahisa; Kusama, Yoshinori; Takeji, Satoru*; Fujita, Takaaki; Oikawa, Toshihiro; et al.
Physics of Plasmas, 12(8), p.082509_1 - 082509_7, 2005/08
Times Cited Count：34 Percentile：71.2(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)Rapid frequency sweeping modes observed in reversed magnetic shear (RS) plasmas on the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Tokamak 60 Upgrade (JT-60U) have been identified as Reversed-Shear-induced Alfvn Eigenmodes (RSAEs), which are ideal MHD Alfvn eigenmodes (AEs) localized to the region of minimum safety factor, 
, and are excited by negative-ion-based neutral beam injection. The chirping and subsequent saturation of the mode frequency are consistent with theoretical predictions for the transition from RSAEs to Toroidal Alfv
n eigenmodes (TAEs). The previously observed rapid frequency sweeping modes in ion cyclotron wave heated plasmas in JT-60U can also be similarly explained. The observed AE amplitude is largest during the transition from RSAEs to TAEs, and fast ion loss is observed when the AE amplitude is largest at this transition. It is preferable to operate outside the transition range of 
, e.g., 2.4 
2.7 for the n = 1 AE to avoid substantial fast ion loss in RS plasmas.
n eigenmodes driven by negative-ion-based neutral beams in JT-60UShinohara, Koji; Ishikawa, Masao; Takechi, Manabu; Kusama, Yoshinori; Todo, Yasushi*; Gorelenkov, N. N.*; Cheng, C. Z.*; Fukuyama, Atsushi*; Kramer, G.*; Nazikian, R. M.*; et al.
Purazuma, Kaku Yugo Gakkai-Shi, 81(7), p.547 - 552, 2005/07
In the bursting instabilities in the frequency range of Alfven Eigenmode, we observed two types of modes phenomenologically. In one type, the time scale of the mode was 1ms and the mode amplitude was so large that we were able to detect apparent enhanced transport of the energetic ions. The enhanced transport showed the clear energy dependence by using new diagnostics, natural diamond detector. In another type, the mode amplitude is not so large, compared with the first type. The frequency up-down chirping is clearly observed with the time-scale of a few ms. This frequency chirping was reproduced by the newly developed simulation code, MEGA To demonstrate this model of Reversed-Shear-induced Alfven Eigenmode, RSAE, we have performed experiments in the condition where we can have q profile with a good signal-to-noise ratio. We observed the slow up-frequency sweeping of RSAE due to the down evolution of qmin, We have analyzed this experiment by using NOVA-K code. We observed that the most unstable mode localized around qmin.
Todo, Yasushi*; Shinohara, Koji; Takechi, Manabu; Ishikawa, Masao
Physics of Plasmas, 12(1), p.012503_1 - 012503_7, 2005/01
Times Cited Count：51 Percentile：82.4(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)Energetic-ion driven instability in a JT-60U plasma was investigated using a simulation code for magnetohydrodynamics and energetic particles. The spatial profile of the unstable mode peaks near the plasma center where the safety factor profile is flat and the spatial profile consists of a single primary harmonic m/n = 2/1. The real frequency of the unstable mode is close to the experimental starting frequency of the fast frequency sweeping mode. Simulation results demonstrate that energetic ion orbit width and energetic ion pressure significantly broaden radial profile of the unstable mode. For the smallest value among the investigated energetic ion orbit width, the unstable mode is localized within 20% of the minor radius. This gives an upper limit of the spatial profile width of the unstable mode which the magnetohydrodynamic effects alone can induce. For the experimental condition of the JT-60U plasma, energetic ions broaden the radial width of the unstable mode spatial profile by a factor of 3. The unstable mode is primarily induced by the energetic particles.
Kusama, Yoshinori; Ishikawa, Masao; Takechi, Manabu; Nishitani, Takeo; Morioka, Atsuhiko; Sasao, Mamiko*; Isobe, Mitsutaka*; Krasilnikov, A.*; Kaschuck, Y.*
Proceedings of Plasma Science Symposium 2005/22nd Symposium on Plasma Processing (PSS-2005/SPP-22), p.395 - 396, 2005/00
The energetic neutral particles have been successfully measured with a natural diamond detector in the neutron and 
ray radiation circumstance of the JT-60U deuterium discharges. The diamond detector was covered with polyethylene and lead in order to reduce the neutron and ray background. The shield has shown expected shielding capability. A rapid increase in neutral particles has been observed at the onset of the Toroidal Alfven Eigenmode (TAE) excited by the negative-ion-based neutral beam injection. The energy range of increased neutral particles has agreed well with that predicted from the resonant interaction between the energetic ions and the TAE.
edge of Si; Theoretical analysisNishikawa, Yunori; Usuda, Manabu; Igarashi, Junichi*
Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 73(11), p.3171 - 3176, 2004/11
Times Cited Count：3 Percentile：26.46(Physics, Multidisciplinary)no abstracts in English
n eigenmodesTodo, Yasushi*; Nakajima, Noriyoshi*; Shinohara, Koji; Takechi, Manabu; Ishikawa, Masao; Yamamoto, Satoshi*
Proceedings of 20th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference (FEC 2004) (CD-ROM), 8 Pages, 2004/11
Linear properties and nonlinear evolutions of an energetic-ion driven instability in a JT-60U plasma were investigated using a simulation code for MHD and energetic particles. The spatial profile of the unstable mode peaks near the plasma center where the safety factor profile is flat. The real frequency of the mode is close to the experimental starting frequency of the fast frequency sweeping mode. The simulation results demonstrate that the energetic ion orbit width and the energetic ion pressure significantly broaden radial profile of the unstable mode. For the experimental condition of JT-60U, the energetic ions broaden the spatial profile of the unstable mode by a factor of 3. The unstable mode is primarily induced by the energetic particles. It is demonstrated that the frequency shifts both upward and downward in the nonlinear evolution at the rate close to that of the fast frequency sweeping mode. In addition to the energetic particle mode in JT-60U, an investigation of TAE in an LHD-like plasma using the simulation code for the helical coordinate system is reported.
Ishikawa, Masao; Kusama, Yoshinori; Takechi, Manabu; Nishitani, Takeo; Morioka, Atsuhiko; Sasao, Mamiko*; Isobe, Mitsutaka*; Krasilnikov, A.*; Kaschuck, Y. A.*
Review of Scientific Instruments, 75(10), p.3643 - 3645, 2004/10
Times Cited Count：6 Percentile：35.7(Instruments & Instrumentation)Measurement of energy distribution of charge exchange neutral particles by using Natural Diamond Detector (NDD) has been started on the JT-60U Tokamak. Because the NDD is sensitive to neutrons and -rays too, the radiation shield has been set up around the NDD. Then energy distribution of neutral particles corresponding to injected neutral beam energy are successfully obtained. Also, enhance of neutral particle flux due to sawtooth oscillation and Alfven Eigenmode induced by N-NBI was observed. The performance of the NDD as CX neutral particle analyzer under the DD neutron filed was demonstrated on JT-60U.
