DECOVALEX-2023: An International collaboration for advancing the understanding and modeling of coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical (THMC) processes in geological systems

Birkholzer, J. T.*; Graupner, B. J.*; Harrington, J.*; Jayne, R.*; Kolditz, O.*; Kuhlman, K. L.*; LaForce, T.*; Leone, R. C.*; Mariner, P. E.*; McDermott, C.*; et al.

Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment, 42, p.100685_1 - 100685_17, 2025/06

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gete.2025.100685

Transport and confinement physics Chapter 2 of the special issue: on the path to tokamak burning plasma operation

Yoshida, M.*; McDermott, R. M.*; Angioni, C.*; Camenen, Y.*; Citrin, J.*; Jakubowski, M.*; Hughes, J. W.*; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Mantica, P.*; Mariani, A.*; et al.

Nuclear Fusion, 65(3), p.033001_1 - 033001_132, 2025/02

https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ad8ced

Progress in physics understanding and theoretical model development of plasma transport and confinement in the ITPA Transport and Confinement Topical Group since the publication of the ITER Physics Basis was summarized focusing on the contributions to ITER and burning plasma prediction and control. This paper provides a general and streamlined overview on the advances that were mainly led by the ITPA TC joint experiments and joint activities for the last 15 years. This paper starts with the scientific strategy and scope of the ITPA TC Topical group and overall picture of the major progress, followed by the progress of each research field: particle transport, impurity transport, ion and electron thermal turbulent transport, momentum transport, impact of 3D magnetic fields on transport, confinement mode transitions, global confinement, and reduced transport modeling.

Diverse microbiome functions, limited temporal variation and substantial genomic conservation within sedimentary and granite rock deep underground research laboratories

Amano, Yuki; Sachdeva, R.*; Gittins, D.*; Anantharaman, K.*; Lei, S.*; Valentin-Alvarado, L. E.*; Diamond, S.*; Beppu, Hikari*; Iwatsuki, Teruki; Mochizuki, Akihito; et al.

Environmental Microbiome (Internet), 19, p.105_1 - 105_17, 2024/12

https://doi.org/10.1186/s40793-024-00649-3

Developing an online composition prediction for an HI-I-HO system using deep neural network

Tanaka, Nobuyuki; Takegami, Hiroaki; Noguchi, Hiroki; Kamiji, Yu; Myagmarjav, O.; Ono, Masato; Sugimoto, Chihiro

Chemical Engineering Science, 299, p.120479_1 - 120479_11, 2024/11

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2024.120479

We developed a deep neural network method to predict the composition of the iodine-sulfur process of thermochemical water-splitting hydrogen production using measurable properties. Unlike conventional titration analysis, this approach allows a quick understanding of fluid composition, providing essential information for controlling operating conditions. This study focused on the HI-I-HO three-component system within the IS process. Using Gibbs phase rule, the DNN model was constructed using online measurable parameters, such as temperature, pressure, and density, as input conditions. The model was trained with experimental data, and the structural parameters were tuned. Composition prediction using actual trend data demonstrated good correlation with titration analysis measurements. Furthermore, the local interpretable model-agnostic explanations method was incorporated to gain insights into the significance of input parameters for compositions from the DNN model, providing valuable information on crucial parameters for effective composition control.

Study of 3-dimensional SU(2) gauge theory with adjoint Higgs as a model for cuprate superconductors

Catumba, G.*; Hiraguchi, Atsuki; W.-S. Hou, G.*; Jansen, K.*; Kao, Y.-J.*; David Lin, C.-J.*; Ramos, A.*; Sarkar, M.*

Proceedings of Science (Internet), 453, p.362_1 - 362_7, 2024/11

https://doi.org/10.22323/1.453.0362

We study a 3-dimensional SU(2) gauge theory with 4 Higgs fields which transform under the adjoint representation of the gauge group, that has been recently proposed by Sachdev et al. to explain the physics of cuprate superconductors near optimal doping. The symmetric confining phase of the theory corresponds to the usual Fermi-liquid phase while the broken (Higgs) phase is associated with the interesting pseudogap phase of cuprates. We employ the Hybrid Monte-Carlo algorithm to study the phase diagram of the theory. We find the existence of a variety of broken phases in qualitative accordance with earlier mean-field predictions and discuss their role in cuprates. In addition, we investigate the behavior of Polyakov loop to probe the confinement/deconfinement phase transition, and find that the Higgs phase hosts a stable deconfining phase consistent with previous studies.

The LINACs simulation framework

Yee-Rendon, B.; Jameson, R. A.*; Okamura, Masahiro*; Li, C.*; Jiang, P.*; Maus, J. M.*

Proceedings of 32nd Linear Accelerator Conference (LINAC 2024) (Internet), p.492 - 495, 2024/10

https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-LINAC2024-TUPB077

LINACs is a simulation framework for designing optics and beam dynamics of charged particles in particle accelerators. LINACs is an open-source software that enables the user complete control over all design and simulation parameters of RFQs. This includes beam-driven design, fully 3D simulation using precise quadrupolar symmetry, and rigorous Poisson solution for external and space charge fields. The code can handle simultaneous particle beams with analytical input distributions and allows input beam scans. The software offers a relatively short running time and provides extensive analysis techniques. This work provides a historical overview of the code, presents results from RFQ models, and discusses future developments.

Superparamagnetically modified A-type, X-type and CHA-type zeolites with silica-coated FeO and CoFeO nanoparticles for removal of Sr and Cs from radioactively contaminated water

Ito, Azusa; Thirunavukkarasu, G.*; Hriljac, J. A.*

Frontiers (Internet), 5, p.1445482_1 - 1445482_19, 2024/09

https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvc.2024.1445482

Magnetised zeolite A, zeolite X and Na,K-CHA composites with superparamagnetic nanoparticles of SiO-coated FeO or CoFeO ferrite spinels were prepared, characterised and tested for ion exchange efficacy. They were synthesised by following three steps, synthesising FeO and CoFeO nanoparticles by a solvothermal method, coating the metal oxide particles with SiO by a sol-gel process, and attaching the MO/SiO onto the zeolites during synthesis. The magnetic zeolites were characterised by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry and both scanning and transmission electron microscopy. It was confirmed they had superparamagnetic properties due to successful attachment of the MO/SiO particles onto the zeolites. Adsorption capacities of Sr onto the magnetic zeolite A and zeolite X and Cs onto the magnetic Na,K-CHA were also evaluated. The results show the MO/SiO did not block the adsorption sites of the zeolites and the MO/SiO particles were not detached from the zeolites during the adsorption experiments.

Excitation spectrum and spin Hamiltonian of the frustrated quantum Ising magnet PrBWO

Nagl, J.*; Flavin, D.*; Hayashida, S.*; Povarov, K. Y.*; Yan, M.*; Murai, Naoki; Kawamura, Seiko; Simutis, F.*; Hicken, T. J.*; Luetkens, H.*; et al.

Physical Review Research (Internet), 6(2), p.023267_1 - 023267_18, 2024/06

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.6.023267

Magnetic structure and magnetoelectric properties of the spin-flop phase in LiFePO

Holm-Janas, S.*; Akaki, Mitsuru*; Fogh, E.*; Kihara, Takumi*; Le, M. D.*; Forino, P. C.*; Nikitin, S. E.*; Fennell, T.*; Painganoor, A.*; Vaknin, D.*; et al.

Physical Review B, 109(17), p.174413_1 - 174413_11, 2024/05

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.109.174413

Development of wide range photon detection system for muonic X-ray spectroscopy

Mizuno, Rurie*; Niikura, Megumi*; Saito, Takeshi*; Matsuzaki, Teiichiro*; Sakurai, Hiroyoshi*; Amato, A.*; Asari, Shunsuke*; Biswas, S.*; Chiu, I.-H.; Gianluca, J.*; et al.

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 1060, p.169029_1 - 169029_14, 2024/03

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2023.169029