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Unc, A.*; Altdorff, D.*; Abakumov, E.*; Adl, S.*; Baldursson, S.*; Bechtold, M.*; Cattani, D. J.*; Firbank, L. G.*; Grand, S.*; Gudjonsdottir, M.*; et al.
Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems (Internet), 5, p.663448_1 - 663448_11, 2021/07
Times Cited Count：33 Percentile：94.29(Food Science & Technology)Agriculture in the boreal and Arctic regions is perceived as marginal, low intensity and inadequate to satisfy the needs of local communities, but another perspective is that northern agriculture has untapped potential to increase the local supply of food and even contribute to the global food system. Policies across northern jurisdictions target the expansion and intensification of agriculture, contextualized for the diverse social settings and market foci in the north. However, the rapid pace of climate change means that traditional methods of adapting cropping systems and developing infrastructure and regulations for this region cannot keep up with climate change impacts. Moreover, the anticipated conversion of northern cold-climate natural lands to agriculture risks a loss of up to 76% of the carbon stored in vegetation and soils, leading to further environmental impacts. The sustainable development of northern agriculture requires local solutions supported by locally relevant policies. There is an obvious need for the rapid development of a transdisciplinary, cross-jurisdictional, long-term knowledge development, and dissemination program to best serve food needs and an agricultural economy in the boreal and Arctic regions while minimizing the risks to global climate, northern ecosystems and communities.
Loarte, A.*; Lipschultz, B.*; Kukushkin, A. S.*; Matthews, G. F.*; Stangeby, P. C.*; Asakura, Nobuyuki; Counsell, G. F.*; Federici, G.*; Kallenbach, A.*; Krieger, K.*; et al.
Nuclear Fusion, 47(6), p.S203 - S263, 2007/06
Times Cited Count：859 Percentile：98.25(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)Progress, since the ITER Physics Basis publication (1999), in understanding the processes that will determine the properties of the plasma edge and its interaction with material elements in ITER is described. Significant progress in experiment area: energy and particle transport, the interaction of plasmas with the main chamber material elements, ELM energy deposition on material elements and the transport mechanism, the physics of plasma detachment and neutral dynamics, the erosion of low and high Z materials, their transport to the core plasma and their migration at the plasma edge, retention of tritium in fusion devices and removal methods. This progress has been accompanied by the development of modelling tools for the physical processes at the edge plasma and plasma-materials interaction. The implications for the expected performance in ITER and the lifetime of the plasma facing materials are discussed.
Chankin, A. V.*; Coster, D. P.*; Asakura, Nobuyuki; Bonnin, X.*; Conway, G. D.*; Corrigan, G.*; Erents, S. K.*; Fundamenski, W.*; Horacek, J.*; Kallenbach, A.*; et al.
Nuclear Fusion, 47(5), p.479 - 489, 2007/05
Times Cited Count：34 Percentile：73.71(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)Radial electric field in known to be one of the drivers for the parallel ion flow in the SOL. It contributes to the ion Pfirsch-Schluter flow and determines the return parallel flow compensating poloidal ExB drift. It was established recently that 2D fluid codes EDGE2D and SOLPS underestimate the predicted Er in the SOL compared to experimentally measured values. The present work demonstrates that this underestimate can be responsible for the large discrepancy between measured and simulated parallel ion flows in the SOL. Provided radial electric field was modelled correctly by the codes, an increase in the predicted Mach number of the parallel ion flow by up to a factor 3 for the JET could be expected. This would entirely eliminate the difference between the experimentally determined part of the ion flow that depends on the toroidal field direction, and the modelled ion flow attributed to drifts. Discrepancy between measured and simulated flows in ASDEX-Upgrade was also reduced.
Lipschultz, B.*; Asakura, Nobuyuki; Bonnin, X.*; Coster, D. P.*; Counsell, G.*; Doerner, R.*; Dux, R.*; Federici, G.*; Fenstermacher, M. E.*; Fundamenski, W.*; et al.
Proceedings of 21st IAEA Fusion Energy Conference (FEC 2006) (CD-ROM), 8 Pages, 2007/03
The work of the ITPA SOL/divertor group is reviewed. The high-n nature of ELMs has been elucidated and new measurements have determined that they carry 10-20% of the ELM energy to the far SOL with implications for ITER limiters and the upper divertor. Analysis of ELM measurements imply that the ELM continuously loses energy as it travels across the SOL. The prediction of ITER divertor disruption power loads have been reduced as a result of finding that the divertor footprint broadens during the thermal quench and that the plasma can lose up to 80% of its thermal energy before the thermal quench (not for VDEs or ITBs). Disruption mitigation through massive gas puffing has been successful at reducing divertor heat loads but estimates of the effect on the main chamber walls indicate 10s of kG of Be would be melted/mitigation. Long-pulse studies have shown that the fraction of injected gas that can be recovered after a discharge decreases with discharge length. The use of mixed materials gives rise to a number of potential processes.
Ongena, J.*; Budny, R.*; Dumortier, P.*; Jackson, G. L.*; Kubo, Hirotaka; Messiaen, A. M.*; Murakami, Masanori*; Strachan, J. D.*; Sydora, R.*; Tokar, M.*; et al.
Physics of Plasmas, 8(5), p.2188 - 2198, 2001/05
Times Cited Count：49 Percentile：79.8(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)no abstracts in English
