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Journal Articles

Analysis on cooling behavior for simulated molten core material impinging to a horizontal plate in a sodium pool

Matsushita, Hatsuki*; Kobayashi, Ren*; Sakai, Takaaki*; Kato, Shinya; Matsuba, Kenichi; Kamiyama, Kenji

Proceedings of 13th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal-Hydraulics, Operation and Safety (NUTHOS-13) (Internet), 9 Pages, 2022/09

During core disruptive accidents in sodium-cooled fast reactors, the molten core material flows through flow channels, such as the control rod guide tubes, into the core inlet plenum under the core region. The molten core material can be cooled and solidified while impinging on a horizontal plate of the inlet plenum in a sodium coolant. However, the solidification and cooling behaviors of molten core materials impinged on a horizontal structure have not been sufficiently studied thus far. Notably, this is an important phenomenon that needs to be elucidated from the perspective of improving the safety of sodium-cooled fast reactors. Accordingly, a series of experiments on discharging a simulated molten core material (alumina: Al$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$) into a sodium coolant on a horizontal structure was conducted at the experimental facility of the National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In this study, analyses on the sodium experiments using SIMMER-III as the fast reactor safety evaluation code were performed. The analysis methods were validated by comparing the results and experiment data. In addition, the cooling and solidification behaviors during jet impingement were evaluated. The results indicated that the molten core material exhibited fragmentation owing to the impingement on the horizontal plate and was, therefore, scattered toward the periphery. Furthermore, the simulated molten core material was evaluated to be cooled by sodium and subsequently solidified.

Journal Articles

Decision making in protection against radiation from nuclear disaster; Risk trade-off and stakeholder involvement

Kanda, Reiko*; Homma, Toshimitsu*; Takahara, Shogo; Tsubokura, Masaharu*; Osako, Masahiro*; Kawaguchi, Isao*; Kato, Takaaki*

Risukugaku Kenkyu, 30(3), p.133 - 139, 2021/04

Almost ten years have passed since Fukushima nuclear accident. Our experience should be used to improve current emergency protective measures and preparedness. A review of the protective measures implemented in the aftermath of Fukushima nuclear accident has revealed problems such as paternalistic intervention for inhabitants and increased health risks due to the evacuation of vulnerable groups. The risk trade-offs in environmental recovery actions are more complex and ongoing; the stakeholders are the next generation and residents outside of the prefecture. Since one of the characteristics of nuclear disasters is the distance and time dependency of the risk, countless individual cases need to be addressed. While generalization of protective measures is essential, the appropriate deployment of personnel in a variety of roles may require to really address individual cases. To improve nuclear emergency preparedness in the future, it is necessary to incorporate both a top-down approach and a bottom-up approach in a well-balanced manner.

Journal Articles

Validation of analysis models on relocation behavior of molten core materials in sodium-cooled fast reactors based on the melt discharge experiment

Igarashi, Kai*; Onuki, Ryoji*; Sakai, Takaaki*; Kato, Shinya; Matsuba, Kenichi; Kamiyama, Kenji

Proceedings of 2020 International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE 2020) (Internet), 6 Pages, 2020/08

Journal Articles

Changes in risk perceptions before and after nuclear accidents; Evidence from Japan

Nishikawa, Masashi*; Kato, Takaaki*; Homma, Toshimitsu; Takahara, Shogo

Environmental Science & Policy, 55(Part 1), p.11 - 19, 2016/01

 Times Cited Count:12 Percentile:36.89(Environmental Sciences)

Journal Articles

Investigating the gap between actual and perceived distance from a nuclear power plant; A Case study in Japan

Kato, Takaaki*; Takahara, Shogo; Homma, Toshimitsu

Journal of Disaster Research, 10(4), p.627 - 634, 2015/08

Journal Articles

Monetary values of unit collective dose in optimization of radiation protection

Takahara, Shogo; Kato, Takaaki*; Homma, Toshimitsu

Hoken Butsuri, 48(4), p.180 - 192, 2013/12

The monetary value of the person-sievert is a key element in implementing the optimization principle of the radiation protection. The objective of this paper are to evaluate the country-specific monetary value of the person-sievert reflecting the economic and population characteristics in Japan. When we calculated the monetary values of the person-sievert in Japan using human capital method and willingness to pay approach, the values were around several million yen/person-Sv and 20 million yen/person-Sv, respectively. In addition, we reviewed the cost of radiological protective measures per person-sievert avoided. As the results of comparing the cost and benefit, the costs of radiological protective measures to reduce the concentration of radon in homes and to protect workers in nuclear facilities were balanced with the benefit. On the other hand, the costs of radionuclide emission control measures at industrial facilities tend to be higher than the benefit of those measures.

Journal Articles

A Case study of economic incentives and local citizens' attitudes towards hosting a nuclear power plant in Japan; Impacts of the Fukushima accident

Kato, Takaaki*; Takahara, Shogo; Nishikawa, Masashi*; Homma, Toshimitsu

Energy Policy, 59, p.808 - 818, 2013/08

AA2012-0147.pdf:0.43MB

 Times Cited Count:26 Percentile:78.46(Economics)

This case study of the areas that host Kashiwazaki Kariwa NPP compares local citizens' attitude towards the benefits and the drawbacks of hosting the NPP. In December 2011, our survey respondents became more negative about hosting the NPP after the Fukushima accident in March 2011 compared to the survey in January 2010. Another comparison between the November 2005 and the December 2011 surveys provided a different look. The magnitude of the negative shift in Kariwa Village, which saw a large expansion of social welfare programs, was modest in the sense that its 2011 results were similar to its 2005 results. Local tax revenues, subsidies from the national government and the donation from a utility contributed to this budget expansion in Kariwa. The negative shifts from 2005 to 2011 were clear in the other two municipalities which did not see such a large expansion of economic benefits during this period.

Journal Articles

Quantitative analysis of cisplatin sensitivity of human esophageal squamous cancer cell lines using in-air micro-PIXE

Tanaka, Naritake*; Kimura, Hitoshi*; Faried, A.*; Sakai, Makoto*; Sano, Takaaki*; Inose, Takanori*; Soda, Makoto*; Okada, Koji*; Nakajima, Masanobu*; Miyazaki, Tatsuya*; et al.

Cancer Science, 101(6), p.1487 - 1492, 2010/06

 Times Cited Count:12 Percentile:31.84(Oncology)

We examined the intracellular localization of cisplatin, a key chemotherapeutic agent, in esophageal cancer cell lines and determined their sensitivity to cisplatin using in-air micro-PIXE. Two human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell lines, TE-2 and TE-13, were examined for their response to cisplatin using MTT assay, flow cytometry and DNA fragmentation assays. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was also used to evaluate the mRNA expression of multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2) in both cell lines. Platinum localizations of intracellular and intranuclear were measured using in-air micro-PIXE. TE-2 cells were more sensitive to cisplatin than TE-13 cells. The results of this study suggest that in-air micro-PIXE could be a useful quantitative method for evaluating the cisplatin sensitivity of individual cells. Finally, we speculate that MRP2 in the cell membrane may play an important role in regulating cisplatin sensitivity of ESCC cells.

Journal Articles

Recent progress in the energy recovery linac project in Japan

Sakanaka, Shogo*; Akemoto, Mitsuo*; Aoto, Tomohiro*; Arakawa, Dai*; Asaoka, Seiji*; Enomoto, Atsushi*; Fukuda, Shigeki*; Furukawa, Kazuro*; Furuya, Takaaki*; Haga, Kaiichi*; et al.

Proceedings of 1st International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC '10) (Internet), p.2338 - 2340, 2010/05

Future synchrotron light source using a 5-GeV energy recovery linac (ERL) is under proposal by our Japanese collaboration team, and we are conducting R&D efforts for that. We are developing high-brightness DC photocathode guns, two types of cryomodules for both injector and main superconducting (SC) linacs, and 1.3 GHz high CW-power RF sources. We are also constructing the Compact ERL (cERL) for demonstrating the recirculation of low-emittance, high-current beams using above-mentioned critical technologies.

Journal Articles

Development of a methodology to evaluate characteristics of energy technology by conjoint analysis

Hiwatari, Ryoji*; Okano, Kunihiko*; Asaoka, Yoshiyuki*; Nagano, Koji*; Ogawa, Yuichi*; Kato, Takaaki*; Tobita, Kenji; Norimatsu, Takayoshi*

Denryoku Chuo Kenkyusho Hokoku (L07012), P. 34, 2008/07

Key to take public acceptance into account on the energy system is how to evaluate and compare quantitatively the merits and the demerits of each energy system from the public viewpoint. For this purpose, a method to evaluate the property of energy technology is developed based on the conjoint analysis technique. Based on the statistical method, utility values for energy abundance, environmental load (i.e. CO$$_{2}$$ emission), stability of supply, sense of security, and other features as well as economic performance, are estimated from several thousands of choice experiments to more than 1600 respondents volunteered in the study. The basic methodology developed in this study establishes the first step to assess energy technology quantitatively on a common standard, and needs further integration with other factors, such as waste generation other than CO$$_{2}$$ emission.

Journal Articles

Progress in R&D efforts on the energy recovery linac in Japan

Sakanaka, Shogo*; Ago, Tomonori*; Enomoto, Atsushi*; Fukuda, Shigeki*; Furukawa, Kazuro*; Furuya, Takaaki*; Haga, Kaiichi*; Harada, Kentaro*; Hiramatsu, Shigenori*; Honda, Toru*; et al.

Proceedings of 11th European Particle Accelerator Conference (EPAC '08) (CD-ROM), p.205 - 207, 2008/06

Future synchrotron light sources based on the energy-recovery linacs (ERLs) are expected to be capable of producing super-brilliant and/or ultra-short pulses of synchrotron radiation. Our Japanese collaboration team is making efforts for realizing an ERL-based hard X-ray source. We report recent progress in our R&D efforts.

Journal Articles

Report of meetings of ITPA (International Tokamak Physics Activity), 19

Sasao, Mamiko*; Kusama, Yoshinori; Kawano, Yasunori; Kawahata, Kazuo*; Mase, Atsushi*; Sugie, Tatsuo; Fujita, Takaaki; Fukuda, Takeshi*; Fukuyama, Atsushi*; Sakamoto, Yoshiteru; et al.

Purazuma, Kaku Yugo Gakkai-Shi, 83(9), p.779 - 782, 2007/09

This is a report of highlights from 2007 spring meetings of seven Topical Groups (TG) of International Tokamak Physics Activity (ITPA). In each meeting, high priority issues in physics of International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) and other burning plasma experiments have been discussed and investigated. Twenty-seven scientists from Japan have participated in those meetings. Dates and places of the meetings are shown below. (1) Diagnostics TG: 26-30 March, Princeton (USA), (2) Transport Physics TG: 7-10 May, Lausanne (Switzerland), (3) Confinement Database and Modeling TG: 7-10 May, Lausanne (Switzerland), (4) Edge Pedestal Physics TG: 7-10 May, Garching (Germany) (5) Steady State Operation TG: 9-11 May, Daejeon (South Korea), (6)MHD TG: 21-24 May, San Diego (USA), (7) Scrape-off-layer and Divertor Physics TG: 7-10 May, Garching (Germany).

Journal Articles

Report on ITPA (International Tokamak Physics Activity) meeting, 18

Kawahata, Kazuo*; Kawano, Yasunori; Kusama, Yoshinori; Mase, Atsushi*; Sasao, Mamiko*; Sugie, Tatsuo; Fujita, Takaaki; Fukuda, Takeshi*; Fukuyama, Atsushi*; Sakamoto, Yoshiteru; et al.

Purazuma, Kaku Yugo Gakkai-Shi, 83(2), p.195 - 198, 2007/02

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Report of ITPA (International Tokamak Physics Activity) meetings, 17

Asakura, Nobuyuki; Kato, Takako*; Nakano, Tomohide; Takamura, Shuichi*; Tanabe, Tetsuo*; Iio, Shunji*; Nakajima, Noriyoshi*; Ono, Yasushi*; Ozeki, Takahisa; Takechi, Manabu; et al.

Purazuma, Kaku Yugo Gakkai-Shi, 82(7), p.448 - 450, 2006/07

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Report of ITPA (International Tokamak Physics Activity) meeting, 13

Kawano, Yasunori; Kawahata, Kazuo*; Kusama, Yoshinori; Sasao, Mamiko*; Sugie, Tatsuo; Mase, Atsushi*; Asakura, Nobuyuki; Kato, Takako*; Takamura, Shuichi*; Tanabe, Tetsuo*; et al.

Purazuma, Kaku Yugo Gakkai-Shi, 81(2), p.128 - 130, 2005/02

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Advanced fusion technologies developed for JT-60 superconducting Tokamak

Sakasai, Akira; Ishida, Shinichi; Matsukawa, Makoto; Akino, Noboru; Ando, Toshinari*; Arai, Takashi; Ezato, Koichiro; Hamada, Kazuya; Ichige, Hisashi; Isono, Takaaki; et al.

Nuclear Fusion, 44(2), p.329 - 334, 2004/02

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Advanced fusion technologies developed for JT-60 superconducting Tokamak

Sakasai, Akira; Ishida, Shinichi; Matsukawa, Makoto; Akino, Noboru; Ando, Toshinari*; Arai, Takashi; Ezato, Koichiro; Hamada, Kazuya; Ichige, Hisashi; Isono, Takaaki; et al.

Nuclear Fusion, 44(2), p.329 - 334, 2004/02

 Times Cited Count:7 Percentile:22.98(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Acoustic emission and disturbances in central solenoid model coil for international thermonuclear experimental reactor

Arai, K.*; Ninomiya, Akira*; Ishigooka, Takeshi*; Takano, Katsutoshi*; Nakajima, Hideo; Michael, P.*; Vieira, R.*; Martovetsky, N.*; Sborchia, C.*; Alekseev, A.*; et al.

Cryogenics, 44(1), p.15 - 27, 2004/01

 Times Cited Count:3 Percentile:15.51(Thermodynamics)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Test results of 60-kA HTS current lead for fusion application

Isono, Takaaki; Kawano, Katsumi; Hamada, Kazuya; Matsui, Kunihiro; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Hara, Eiji*; Kato, Takashi; Ando, Toshinari*; Okuno, Kiyoshi; Bono, Takaaki*; et al.

Physica C, 392-396(Part2), p.1219 - 1224, 2003/10

A 60-kA high-temperature-superconductor (HTS) current lead has been fabricated and tested for aiming at the application to a fusion magnet system, providing a low heat leak current lead. The design of HTS current leads is optimized not only to reduce the heat leak but also to perform safe operation even in fault conditions. The HTS current lead consists of a forced flow cooled copper part and a conduction cooled HTS part. The HTS part is composed of 288 Ag-10at.%Au sheathed Bi-2223 tapes and they are cylindrically arrayed on a stainless steel tube. The diameter and the length of the HTS part are 146 mm and 300 mm, respectively. Operation of a 60 kA current, which is the world record, was successfully achieved at coolant of 20 K, 3.2 g/s for the copper part, and a low heat leak of 5.5 W at 4.2 K was demonstrated. This result shows that the electric power of a refrigerator to cool the current lead can be reduced by 1/3 of that in a conventional current lead. In conclusion, technology of a large HTS current lead for fusion application is established.

Journal Articles

Report of ITPA (International Tokamak Physics Activity) Meeting, 3

Ninomiya, Hiromasa; Takamura, Shuichi*; Wakatani, Masahiro*; Fujita, Takaaki; Fukuda, Takeshi; Toi, Kazuo*; Ogawa, Yuichi*; Takizuka, Tomonori; Miura, Yukitoshi; Hatae, Takaki; et al.

Purazuma, Kaku Yugo Gakkai-Shi, 78(7), p.692 - 694, 2002/07

The second ITPA (International Tokamak Physics Activity) meeting was held at General Atomics (San Diego) and Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (Princeton) in U.S.A. In the meeting, topical physics group meetings of "Coordinating Committee", "Transport and Internal Barrier Physics", "Confinement Database and Modeling", "Edge and Pedestal Physics", "Scrape-off-layer and Divertor Physics", and "Diagnostics" were carried out. In getting many participants from Japan, Europe, Russia, ITER international team and U.S.A., the active discussions were carried out. On the other hand, the topical group members concerned that the contribution from Japan will be decreased if the experimental period of JT-60U is reduced. Here, the outline of discussions in each topical group is reported.

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