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Journal Articles

Leaching behavior of radionuclides from samples prepared from spent fuel rod comparable to core debris in the 1F NPS

Onishi, Takashi; Maeda, Koji; Katsuyama, Kozo

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 58(4), p.383 - 398, 2021/04

 Times Cited Count:9 Percentile:76.65(Nuclear Science & Technology)

Journal Articles

Release behavior of radionuclides from MOX fuels irradiated in a fast reactor during heating tests

Tanaka, Kosuke; Sato, Isamu*; Onishi, Takashi; Ishikawa, Takashi; Hirosawa, Takashi; Katsuyama, Kozo; Seino, Hiroshi; Ohno, Shuji; Hamada, Hirotsugu; Tokoro, Daishiro*; et al.

Journal of Nuclear Materials, 536, p.152119_1 - 152119_8, 2020/08

 Times Cited Count:0 Percentile:0.01(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

In order to obtain the release rate coefficients from fuels for fast reactors (FRs), heating tests and the subsequent analyses of the fission products (FPs) and actinides that are released were carried out using samples of uranium-plutonium mixed oxide (MOX) fuel pellets irradiated at the experimental fast reactor Joyo. Three heating tests targeting temperatures of 2773, 2973 and 3173 K were conducted using an FP release behavior test apparatus equipped with a high-frequency induction furnace and solid FP sampling systems consisting of a thermal gradient tube (TGT) and filters. Irradiated fuel pellets were placed into a tungsten crucible, then loaded into the induction furnace. The temperature was raised continuously at a heating rate of 10 K/s to the targeted temperature and maintained for 500 s in a flowing argon gas atmosphere. The FPs and actinides released from the MOX fuels and deposited in the TGT and filters were quantified by gamma-ray spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis. Based on the analysis, the release rates of radionuclides from MOX fuels for FR were obtained and compared with literature data for light water reactor (LWR) fuels. The release rate coefficients of FPs obtained in this study were found to be similar to or lower than the literature values for LWR fuels. It was also found that the release rate coefficient data for actinides were within the range of variation of literature values for LWR fuels.

Journal Articles

Distributions of density and fission products in the reaction product between irradiated MOX fuel and molten zircaloy-2

Ishimi, Akihiro; Katsuyama, Kozo; Maeda, Koji; Furuya, Hirotaka*

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 54(11), p.1274 - 1276, 2017/11

 Times Cited Count:1 Percentile:10.71(Nuclear Science & Technology)

Two- and three-dimensional images were obtained in the reaction product between zircaloy and MOX fuel by X-ray CT. In addition, the $$gamma$$-ray intensity distributions of two fission products (Cs-137 and Eu-154) and one neutron-activated nuclide (Co-60) were obtained in this specimen by $$gamma$$-ray measurements. The average values of the fuel density (about 10.5 g/cm$$^{3}$$) and the cladding density (about 6.55 g/cm$$^{3}$$) were obtained in the metallic phase region by evaluation of the density distributions on two-dimensional X-ray CT images. In addition, the distributions of the roughly crushed fuel pellet and the pores in the specimen could be clearly observed on the three-dimensional X-ray CT images. From the $$gamma$$-ray measurement, Cs-137 was observed on the unreacted fuel region and the region where pores exist in the metallic phase, and Eu-154 was widely distributed to all regions. On the other hand, Co-60 was confirmed only in the metallic phase region.

Journal Articles

Fabrication and short-term irradiation behaviour of Am-bearing MOX fuels

Kihara, Yoshiyuki; Tanaka, Kosuke; Koyama, Shinichi; Yoshimochi, Hiroshi; Seki, Takayuki; Katsuyama, Kozo

NEA/NSC/R(2017)3, p.341 - 350, 2017/11

In order to investigate the effect of the addition of americium to MOX fuels on the irradiation behaviour, the "Am-1" program is being conducted at the JAEA. The Am-1 program consists of two short-term irradiation tests of 10-min and 24-h irradiation periods, and a steady-state irradiation test. The short-term irradiation tests and their post irradiation examinations (PIEs) have been successfully completed. To date, the data for PIE of the Am-MOX fuels focused on the microstructural evolution and redistribution behaviour of Am at the initial stage of irradiation have been obtained and reported. In this paper, the results obtained from the Am-1 program are reviewed and detailed descriptions of the fabrication and inspection techniques for the Am-MOX fuels prepared for the program are provided. PIE data for the Am-MOX fuels at the initial stage of irradiation have been accumulated. In this paper, unpublished PIE data for the Am-MOX fuels are also presented.

Journal Articles

High temperature physicochemical properties of irradiated fuels

Ishikawa, Takashi; Onishi, Takashi; Hirosawa, Takashi; Tanaka, Kosuke; Katsuyama, Kozo

Proceedings of 54th Annual Meeting of Hot Laboratories and Remote Handling (HOTLAB 2017) (Internet), 10 Pages, 2017/00

Journal Articles

Development of advanced PIE technique for fuel debris using X-Ray computer tomography

Katsuyama, Kozo; Ishimi, Akihiro; Tanaka, Kosuke; Kihara, Yoshiyuki

Proceedings of 53rd Annual Meeting of Hot Laboratories and Remote Handling Working Group (HOTLAB 2016) (Internet), 5 Pages, 2016/11

Following the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident, a feasibility study on the application of X-ray CT technique for observation of the inner condition of the fuel debris was initiated. First, a preliminary test was performed using a dummy specimen of irradiated fuel pellets, which was heated to 2373 K. As a result, we obtained high resolution X-ray CT images in which the small pieces of fuel pellets could be clearly distinguished from one another. Analyzing these X-ray CT images enables us to know the density distribution of the fuel debris.

Journal Articles

Development of the prediction technology of cable disconnection of in-core neutron detector for the future high-temperature gas-cooled reactors

Shimazaki, Yosuke; Sawahata, Hiroaki; Kawamoto, Taiki; Suzuki, Hisashi; Shinohara, Masanori; Honda, Yuki; Katsuyama, Kozo; Takada, Shoji; Sawa, Kazuhiro

Journal of Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science, 2(4), p.041008_1 - 041008_5, 2016/10

Maintenance technologies for the reactor system have been developed by using the high-temperature engineering test reactor (HTTR). One of the important purposes of development is to accumulate the experiences and data to satisfy the availability of operation up to 90% by shortening the duration of the periodical maintenance for the future HTGRs by shifting from the time-based maintenance to condition-based maintenance. The technical issue of the maintenance of in-core neutron detector, wide range monitor (WRM), is to predict the malfunction caused by cable disconnection to plan the replacement schedule. This is because that it is difficult to observe directly inside of the WRM in detail. The electrical inspection method was proposed to detect and predict the cable disconnection of the WRM by remote monitoring from outside of the reactor by using the time domain reflectometry and so on. The disconnection position, which was specified by the electrical method, was identified by non-destructive and destructive inspection. The accumulated data is expected to be contributed for advanced maintenance of future HTGRs.

Journal Articles

Fuel performance of hollow pellets for fast breeder reactors

Ishimi, Akihiro; Katsuyama, Kozo; Kihara, Yoshiyuki; *

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 53(7), p.951 - 956, 2016/07

 Times Cited Count:4 Percentile:36.79(Nuclear Science & Technology)

Three fuel rods containing hollow MOX pellets of uranium and plutonium oxides were fabricated and irradiated at a high linear heat rate to burn-up of nearly 30,000 MWd/t in the experimental fast reactor, JOYO MK-II. After irradiation, one of the fuel rods pellets was examined by X-ray CT and conventional nondestructive and destructive methods. Swelling rate was evaluated by both dimensional change and radial density distribution. There were no differences between both types of results and it was concluded that swelling rate can be examined in detail by the X-ray CT technique by dismantling the assembly. In addition, the swelling rate of hollow pellets was nearly the same as values reported for the fuel rods containing solid pellets. LHR was higher in the examined fuel rod containing hollow pellets than in the conventional fuel rod containing solid pellets, but fission gas release rates for both fuel rods were nearly the same. Since it is possible to decrease the maximum temperature in the radial center of the hollow fuel pellets, they can be effectively utilized in reactor operation at higher LHR.

JAEA Reports

Development of field emission SEM to observe high radioactive irradiated fuels

Isozaki, Misaki; Sasaki, Shinji; Maeda, Koji; Katsuyama, Kozo

JAEA-Technology 2015-058, 28 Pages, 2016/03

JAEA-Technology-2015-058.pdf:23.51MB

During irradiation in the fast reactor "JOYO", the changes of fuel structures with the formation of central void occur in the uranium-plutonium mixed oxide fuels (MOX fuels) because of radial temperature gradient. The changes of element (U, Pu, and so on) distributions along radial direction proceed from these changes. Therefore, it is important to study the changes of fuel structures of the minute area in fuel pellet and the changes of element distribution behavior for development of fast reactor fuels. In order to make detailed observations of microstructure and elemental analyses of fuel samples, a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) equipped with a wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (WDS) and an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) were installed in Fuel Monitoring Facility (FMF). The samples of this FE-SEM are very high radioactivity because the samples contain the nuclear fuel elements (U, Pu, etc.), the fission products (Cs, Rh, etc.) and activation product (Co, Mn etc.). Owing to this, it is necessary to prevent leakage of radioactive materials (particularly, U, Pu is need tight accountancy in law) and to protect operators from radiation. In this installation of FE-SEM, it is selected JSM-7001F (made by JEOL) for base model. The notable modified points were as follows. (1) To protect operators from radiation, lead shields was installed around FE-SEM. (2) To prevent leakage of radioactive materials, the instrument was attached to a remote control air-tight sample transfer unit between a shielded hot cell and the FE-SEM and the instrument was fixing rigid structure without vibration damper. (3) The design and manufacture the lead shields with consideration of instrument maintainability. This paper was described the summary of FE-SEM, the notable modified points, the ways of FE-SEM installation, the result of performance test.

JAEA Reports

Development of BDI behavior evaluation method in the fast reactor fuel assembly; Improvement of out-of-pile bundle compression test technology

Higashiuchi, Atsushi; Ishimi, Akihiro; Katsuyama, Kozo; Uwaba, Tomoyuki; Ichikawa, Shoichi

JAEA-Technology 2015-057, 72 Pages, 2016/03

JAEA-Technology-2015-057.pdf:36.91MB

Bundle-duct interaction (BDI) in fast reactors (FRs) is one of the limiting factors for burnup. To study the high performance fuel for FR fuel, it is important to establish the method to predict accurately the BDI behavior for the fuel assembly of large-diameter fuel pins. Therefore, it was adopted a new method that the bundle compression test apparatus is placed outside the cell, the bundle specimen is put in the airtight container for contamination prevention, and the bundle specimen is carried in the cell for internal observation by X-ray CT examination apparatus. From the result of this test, it was confirmed that the new method of out-of-pile bundle compression test is carried out as it was before. The results of this test are available to study integrity assessment of fast reactor fuel, validation of the BDI analysis code and substantiation of the safety design guidelines of fast reactor. In addition, it is possible to reflect in the BDI behavior evaluation for "ASTRID".

Journal Articles

Early-in-life fuel restructuring behavior of Am-bearing MOX fuels

Tanaka, Kosuke; Sasaki, Shinji; Katsuyama, Kozo; Koyama, Shinichi

Transactions of the American Nuclear Society, 113(1), p.619 - 621, 2015/10

In order to evaluate the microstructural change behavior of Am-MOX fuels at the initial stage of irradiation, detailed investigations using image analysis were performed on X-ray Computed Tomography (X-ray CT) images and on ceramographs from fuels irradiated in both B11 and B14.

Journal Articles

Development of the prediction technology of cable disconnection of in-core neutron detector for the future high-temperature gas cooled reactors

Shimazaki, Yosuke; Sawahata, Hiroaki; Kawamoto, Taiki; Suzuki, Hisashi; Shinohara, Masanori; Honda, Yuki; Katsuyama, Kozo; Takada, Shoji; Sawa, Kazuhiro

Proceedings of 23rd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE-23) (DVD-ROM), 7 Pages, 2015/05

Maintenance technologies for the reactor system have been developed by using the high-temperature engineering test reactor (HTTR). One of the important purposes of development is to accumulate the experiences and data to satisfy the availability of operation up to 90% by shortening the duration of the periodical maintenance for the future HTGRs by shifting from the time-based maintenance to condition-based maintenance. The technical issue of the maintenance of in-core neutron detector, wide range monitor (WRM), is to predict the malfunction caused by cable disconnection to plan the replacement schedule. This is because that it is difficult to observe directly inside of the WRM in detail. The electrical inspection method was proposed to detect and predict the cable disconnection of the WRM by remote monitoring from outside of the reactor by using the time domain reflectometry and so on. The disconnection position, which was specified by the electrical method, was identified by non-destructive and destructive inspection. The accumulated data is expected to be contributed for advanced maintenance of future HTGRs.

Journal Articles

Radial density distribution in irradiated FBR MOX fuel pellets

Ishimi, Akihiro; Katsuyama, Kozo; Nakamura, Hirofumi; Asaka, Takeo; Furuya, Hirotaka

Nuclear Technology, 189(3), p.312 - 317, 2015/03

 Times Cited Count:4 Percentile:33.51(Nuclear Science & Technology)

A high resolution X-ray CT technique was developed, which made it possible to obtain fine X-ray CT images of an irradiated fuel assembly. In addition, the density distributions in the irradiated MOX fuel pellet could be continually measured, using the relationship between the densities and CT values. These results were compared to the one obtained by metallographical method. As results, it was found that the relative change of radial density distributions in the irradiated fuel pellet can be measured more accurately by the X-ray CT technique than by the metallographical examination.

Journal Articles

Verification of the FBR fuel bundle-duct interaction analysis code BAMBOO by the out-of-pile bundle compression test with large diameter pins

Uwaba, Tomoyuki; Ito, Masahiro*; Nemoto, Junichi*; Ichikawa, Shoichi; Katsuyama, Kozo

Journal of Nuclear Materials, 452(1-3), p.552 - 556, 2014/09

 Times Cited Count:1 Percentile:8.95(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

The BAMBOO code was verified by results for the out-of-pile bundle compression test with large diameter pin bundle deformation under the bundle-duct interaction (BDI) condition. The pin diameters of were 8.5 mm and 10.4 mm, which are targeted as preliminary fuel pin diameters for the upgraded core of the prototype FBR and for demonstration and commercial FBRs studied in the FaCT project. In the bundle compression test, bundle cross-sectional views were obtained from X-ray computer tomography (CT)images and local parameters of bundle deformation were measured by CT image analyses. In the verification, calculation results of bundle deformation obtained by the BAMBOO code analyses were compared with the experimental results from the CT image analyses. The comparison showed that the BAMBOO code reasonably predicts deformation of large diameter pin bundles under the BDI condition by assuming that pin bowing and cladding oval distortion are the major deformation mechanisms.

JAEA Reports

X-ray CT basic data about inspection of irradiated fuel assembly

Ishimi, Akihiro; Tachi, Yoshiaki; Katsuyama, Kozo; Misawa, Susumu*

JAEA-Data/Code 2014-012, 72 Pages, 2014/08

JAEA-Data-Code-2014-012.pdf:82.93MB

The Fuels Monitoring Section (FMS) of Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) has carried out examination of the fuel assemblies irradiated at Experimental Fast Reactor Joyo to verify about deformation and damage using X-ray computed tomography (CT) technique. This technique can observe deformation and internal information of the irradiated fuel assembly without dismantling and thus can apply to inspections of the irradiated fuel assembly in Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (1F). In order to obtain X-ray CT basic data for 1F fuel assembly inspection, the simulated specimens were made and the X-ray CT examinations were performed in the Fuels Monitoring Facility (FMF). This paper compiled the data about the X-ray CT examination of the simulated specimens.

Journal Articles

Investigation of strand bending in the He-inlet during reaction heat treatment for ITER TF Coils

Hemmi, Tsutomu; Matsui, Kunihiro; Kajitani, Hideki; Okuno, Kiyoshi; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Ishimi, Akihiro; Katsuyama, Kozo

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 24(3), p.4802704_1 - 4802704_4, 2014/06

 Times Cited Count:1 Percentile:9.47(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), as Japan Domestic Agency, has responsibility to procure nine ITER Toroidal Field (TF) coils. The TF coil winding consists of a Nb$$_{3}$$Sn Cable-In-Conduit conductor, a pair of joints and a He-inlet. The current capacity of 68 kA is required at the magnetic field of 7 T around the He-inlet region in the TF coil winding. During reaction heat-treatment, the compressive residual strain in Nb$$_{3}$$Sn cable is induced by the difference in the thermal expansion coefficients between the Nb$$_{3}$$Sn cable and stainless steel jacket. The strands bending in the Nb$$_{3}$$Sn cable of the He-inlet is anticipated since there is the compressive residual strain and a gap between the Nb$$_{3}$$Sn cable and the He-inlet to introduce SHE flow. If the strand is bent, the variation of mechanical behaviors, such as the elongation of He-inlet during the reaction heat-treatment and the thermally induced residual strain on the jacket around the He-inlet, are expected. To investigate the strands bending in the Nb$$_{3}$$Sn cable of the He-inlet, the following items are performed; (1) elongation measurement during reaction heat-treatment, (2) residual longitudinal strain measurement using strain gauges by sample cuttings, (3) nondestructive inspection on the cable and strands using high resolution X-ray CT, Detail of test results and investigation of the strands bending in the Nb$$_{3}$$Sn cable of the He-inlet are reported and discussed.

JAEA Reports

Evaluation on BDI of large diameter pin bundles by out-of-pile bundle compression test

Uwaba, Tomoyuki; Ichikawa, Shoichi; Katsuyama, Kozo

JAEA-Research 2013-039, 25 Pages, 2014/02

JAEA-Research-2013-039.pdf:19.15MB

Bundle-Duct Interaction (BDI) in core fuel subassemblies in FBRs is a limiting factor for fuel burnup. Thus, BDI is an important evaluation item in the upgraded core of the Monju prototype FBR and the demonstration FBR studied in the FaCT project because the fuel subassemblies are to be used to high burnup condition. Since fuel subassemblies of these FBRs consists of large diameter fuel pins, the out-of-pile bundle compression test with large diameter pins was performed to evaluate their BDI bundle. In the compression test, bundle cross-sectional images (CT images) were obtained by using the X-ray computer tomography. The CT images were numerically analyzed to evaluate the deformation of pin bundles due to BDI. The evaluation results revealed that deformation of large diameter pin bundles are controlled by pin bowing and cladding oval-distortion the same as in the case of currently used small diameter pin bundles.

Journal Articles

Upgrading of X-ray CT technology for analyses of irradiated FBR MOX fuel

Ishimi, Akihiro; Katsuyama, Kozo; Maeda, Koji; Nagamine, Tsuyoshi; Asaka, Takeo; Furuya, Hirotaka

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 49(12), p.1144 - 1155, 2012/12

 Times Cited Count:8 Percentile:52.71(Nuclear Science & Technology)

no abstracts in English

JAEA Reports

Investigation on cause of malfunction of Wide Range Monitor (WRM) in High Temperature engineering Test Reactor (HTTR); Sample tests and destructive tests

Shinohara, Masanori; Motegi, Toshihiro; Saito, Kenji; Haga, Hiroyuki; Sasaki, Shinji; Katsuyama, Kozo; Takada, Kiyoshi*; Higashimura, Keisuke*; Fujii, Junichi*; Ukai, Takayuki*; et al.

JAEA-Technology 2012-032, 29 Pages, 2012/11

JAEA-Technology-2012-032.pdf:6.57MB

An event, in which one of WRMs were disabled to detect the neutron flux in the reactor core, occurred during the period of reactor shut down of HTTR in March, 2010. The actual life time of WRM was unexpectedly shorter than the past developed life time. Investigation of the cause of the outage of WRM toward the recovery of the life time up to the past developed life is one of the issues to develop the technology basis of HTGR. Then, two experimental investigations were carried out to reveal the cause of the malfunction by specifying the damaged part causing the event in the WRM. One is an experiment using a mock-up sample test which strength degradation on assembly accuracy and heat cycle to specify the damaged part in the WRM. The other is a destructive test in FMF to specify the damaged part in the WRM. This report summarized the results of the destructive test and the experimental investigation using the mock-up to reveal the cause of malfunction of WRM.

JAEA Reports

Investigation on cause of outage of Wide Range Monitor (WRM) in High Temperature engineering Test Reactor (HTTR); Post Irradiation Examination (PIE) toward investigation of the cause

Shinohara, Masanori; Motegi, Toshihiro; Saito, Kenji; Takada, Shoji; Ishimi, Akihiro; Katsuyama, Kozo

JAEA-Technology 2012-026, 21 Pages, 2012/08

JAEA-Technology-2012-026.pdf:2.31MB

An event, in which one of WRMs were disabled to detect the neutron flux in the reactor core, occurred during the period of reactor shut down of HTTR in March, 2010. The actual life time of WRM was unexpectedly shorter than the past developed life time. Investigation of the cause of the outage of WRM toward the recovery of the life time up to the past developed life is one of the issues to develop the technology basis of HTGR. Then, two experimental investigations were carried out to reveal the cause of the outage by specifying the damaged part causing the event in the WRM. The one is a post irradiation examination using the X-ray computed tomography scanner in Fuels Monitoring Facility (FMF) to specify the damaged part in the WRM. The other is an experiment using a mock-up simulating the WRM fabricated by the fabricator. This report summarized the results of the PIE and the experimental investigation using the mock-up to reveal the cause of outage of WRM.

127 (Records 1-20 displayed on this page)