Hydrogen absorption and diffusion behaviors in cube-shaped palladium nanoparticles revealed by ambient-pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Tang, J.*; Seo, O.*; Rivera Rocabado, D. S.*; Koitaya, Takanori*; Yamamoto, Susumu*; Namba, Yusuke*; Song, C.*; Kim, J.*; Yoshigoe, Akitaka; Koyama, Michihisa*; et al.

Applied Surface Science, 587, p.152797_1 - 152797_8, 2022/06

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2022.152797

The hydrogen absorption and diffusion mechanisms on cube-shaped Pd nanoparticles (NPs) which are important hydrogen-storage materials were studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and DFT calculations. In the surface region, hydrogen absorption showed almost similar behavior regardless of the NPs size. It was found that the octahedral sites are more favorable than the tetrahedral sites for hydrogen occupation. We also clarified that the hydrogen atoms absorbing on the smaller-sized Pd NPs diffuse to the subsurface more actively because of the weakened Pd-H bond by the surface disordering, which plays an important role in hydrogen adsorption at a low H pressure.

Development of a method for positron annihilation lifetime measurement in thin polyethylene films using a Na-22 source

Yamawaki, Masato*; Uesugi, Naoya*; Oka, Toshitaka; Nagasawa, Naotsugu*; Ando, Hirokazu*; O'Rourke, B. E.*; Kobayashi, Yoshinori*

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 59(11), p.116504_1 - 116504_5, 2020/11

https://doi.org/10.35848/1347-4065/abc02e

Positron annihilation lifetime measurements were performed on polyethylene films with thickness of 15m - 2000m using a Na-22 positron source enclosed in a Kapton film. For thin films, some positrons will pass through the film and annihilate behind it. Using a single film in a commercial anti-coincidence system, by placing an annealed stainless steel (SUS304) cover behind the sample, it is possible to sufficiently measure the long lifetime ortho-positronium (o-Ps) component even in thin films. Additionally, calculated intensities of the o-Ps component determined from the estimated film transmittance agreed well with the measured values. Furthermore, by applying this method to uniaxially stretched UHMWPE, we were able to observe structural changes owing to the stretching consistent with shorter measured o-Ps lifetime and increased o-Ps intensity.

Collection of measurement data from in-situ experiment for performance confirmation of engineered barrier system at Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory (until March, 2018)

Nakayama, Masashi; Ono, Hirokazu; Nakayama, Mariko*; Kobayashi, Masato*

JAEA-Data/Code 2019-003, 57 Pages, 2019/03

JAEA-Data-Code-2019-003.pdf:18.12MB
JAEA-Data-Code-2019-003-appendix(CD-ROM).zip:99.74MB

The Horonobe URL Project has being pursued by JAEA to enhance the reliability of relevant disposal technologies through investigations of the deep geological environment within the host sedimentary formation at Horonobe, northern Hokkaido. The URL Project consists of two major research areas, Geoscientific Research and Research and Development on Geological Disposal Technologies, and proceeds in 3 overlapping phases, Phase I: Surface-based investigations, Phase II: Investigations during tunnel excavation and Phase III: Investigations in the URL, over a period of around 20 years. Phase III investigation was started in 2010 FY. The in-situ experiment for performance confirmation of engineered barrier system had been prepared from 2013 to 2014 FY at GL-350 m gallery, and heating by electric heater in simulated overpack had started in January, 2015. One of objectives of the experiment is acquiring data concerned with THMC coupled behavior. These data will be used in order to confirm the performance of engineered barrier system. This report summarizes the measurement data acquired from the experiment from December, 2014 to March, 2018. The summarized data of the EBS experiment will be published periodically.

Vibrational states of atomic hydrogen in bulk and nanocrystalline palladium studied by neutron spectroscopy

Kofu, Maiko; Hashimoto, Naoki*; Akiba, Hiroshi*; Kobayashi, Hirokazu*; Kitagawa, Hiroshi*; Iida, Kazuki*; Nakamura, Mitsutaka; Yamamuro, Osamu*

Physical Review B, 96(5), p.054304_1 - 054304_7, 2017/08

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.054304

The vibrational states of hydrogen atoms in bulk and nanocrystalline palladium were examined in a wide energy region meV using neutron spectroscopy. In bulk PdH, the vibrational excitations of H atoms were roughly reproduced by the quantum harmonic oscillator (QHO) model. In PdH nanocrystals with a diameter of 8 nm, however, additional vibrational excitations were found at energies above 80 meV. The energies and intensities of the additional states were not explained by QHO but reasonably described as vibrations in a highly anharmonic trumpet-like potential. The additional excitations are attributed to the vibrations of H atoms at tetrahedral sites in the subsurface region stabilized by surface effects. This is an experimental work which clearly detects hydrogen vibration metal nanoparticles.

Collection of measurement data from in-situ experiment for performance confirmation of engineered barrier system at Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory (FY2015)

Nakayama, Masashi; Ono, Hirokazu; Nakayama, Mariko*; Kobayashi, Masato*

JAEA-Data/Code 2016-005, 55 Pages, 2016/07

JAEA-Data-Code-2016-005.pdf:11.32MB
JAEA-Data-Code-2016-005-appendix(CD-ROM).zip:32.68MB

The Horonobe URL Project has being pursued by JAEA to enhance the reliability of relevant disposal technologies through investigations of the deep geological environment within the host sedimentary formation at Horonobe, northern Hokkaido. The Project consists of two major research areas, "Geoscientific Research" and "Research and Development on Geological Disposal Technologies", and proceeds in three overlapping phases, "Phase I: Surface-based investigations", "Phase II: Investigations during tunnel excavation" and "Phase III: Investigations in the underground facilities". Phase III investigation was started in 2010 fiscal year. The in-situ experiment for performance confirmation of engineered barrier system (EBS experiment) had been prepared from 2013 to 2014 fiscal year at GL-350m gallery, and heating by electric heater in simulated overpack had started in January, 2015. One of objectives of the experiment is acquiring data concerned with Thermal-Hydrological-Mechanical-Chemical (THMC) coupled behavior. These data will be used in order to confirm the performance of engineered barrier system. This report summarizes the measurement data acquired from the EBS experiment from December, 2014 to March, 2016.

Collection of measurement data from in-situ experiment for performance confirmation of engineered barrier system at Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory (FY2014)

Nakayama, Masashi; Ono, Hirokazu; Nakayama, Mariko*; Kobayashi, Masato*

JAEA-Data/Code 2015-013, 53 Pages, 2015/09

JAEA-Data-Code-2015-013.pdf:9.78MB
JAEA-Data-Code-2015-013(errata).pdf:0.37MB
JAEA-Data-Code-2015-013-appendix(CD-ROM).zip:5.76MB

The Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory (URL) Project has being pursued by Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) to enhance the reliability of relevant disposal technologies through investigations of the deep geological environment within the host sedimentary formation at Horonobe, northern Hokkaido. The URL Project consists of two major research areas, "Geoscientific Research" and "Research and Development on Geological Disposal Technologies", and proceeds in three overlapping phases, "Phase I: Surface-based investigations", "Phase II: Investigations during tunnel excavation" and "Phase III: Investigations in the underground facilities", over a period of around 20 years. Phase III investigation was started in 2010 fiscal year. The in-situ experiment for performance confirmation of engineered barrier system (EBS experiment) had been prepared from 2013 to 2014 fiscal year at G.L.-350m gallery, and heating by electric heater in simulated overpack had started in January, 2015. One of objectives of the experiment is acquiring data concerned with Thermal-Hydrological-Mechanical-Chemical (THMC) coupled behavior. These data will be used in order to confirm the performance of engineered barrier system. This report summarizes the measurement data acquired from the EBS experiment. The period of data acquisition is from December, 2014 to March, 2015. It will be periodically published summarized data of EBS experiment.

Grouting experiment with colloidal silica at 300 m depth of the Mizunami URL

Kobayashi, Shinji*; Nobuto, Jun*; Sugiyama, Hirokazu*; Kusano, Takashi*; Tsuji, Masakuni*; Mikake, Shinichiro; Matsui, Hiroya

Proceedings of European Rock Mechanics Symposium (EUROCK 2012) (CD-ROM), 13 Pages, 2012/05

JAEA (Japan Atomic Energy Agency) has been conducting geoscientific research and development at underground research laboratory under construction, in crystalline rock at Mizunami, Gifu. Considering water treatment expense, the water inflow should be minimized. Although cement grout has been applied to reduce the inflow at 460 m depth at the MIU (Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory), water inflow through narrow fractures which cement grout cannot penetrate might be a problem at deeper underground. Colloidal silica grout, which is liquid-type grout, has high durability as well as good penetrability and is therefore tested at a depth of 300 m. The results indicated that liquid-type grout could sufficiently reduce the hydraulic conductivity of rock mass with less than 1 Lu. In the water pressure resistance test, the ultra-high-pressure packer was set in the pilot hole. The results indicated that liquid-type grout could keep sealing effect even under high water pressures over 9 MPa.

Development of grout injection model to single fracture in considering inertia term and its application on parallel plate experiments

Kishida, Kiyoshi*; Kobayashi, Kenichiro*; Hosoda, Takashi*; Fujita, Tomoo; Kishi, Hirokazu; Kuzuha, Yuji; Nobuto, Jun*

Zairyo, 61(3), p.245 - 252, 2012/03

https://doi.org/10.2472/jsms.61.245

In this research work, the grout injection model of single fracture, in which non-Newtonian fluid and the inertia term are considered, has been developed. Then, the grout injection experiments of single fracture have been conducted and the numerical simulations have been also carried out. As compared our proposed model with past one, the remarkable difference in grout penetration could not be clearly observed. On the other hand, the difference in pressure at aperture entrance and penetration velocity of the grout could be clearly observed. Our proposed model could show the practical behavior against previous model. Moreover, it can be also confirmed that viscosity of grout material through the material experiments are differed with that through the parallel plate injection experiments.

Estimation of digital single event transient pulse-widths in logic cells from high-energy heavy-ion-induced transient current in a single MOSFET

Makino, Takahiro; Onoda, Shinobu; Hirao, Toshio; Oshima, Takeshi; Kobayashi, Daisuke*; Ikeda, Hirokazu*; Hirose, Kazuyuki*

Proceedings of 9th International Workshop on Radiation Effects on Semiconductor Devices for Space Applications (RASEDA-9), p.169 - 172, 2010/10

Digital Single Event Transient (DSET) pulse-widths in an inverter cell fabricated with the 0.2 mm FD-SOI process were estimated from high-energy heavy-ion-induced transient current in a single n-type MOSFET fabricated with the 0.2 mm FD-SOI process. We verified that the estimation method is applicable to the DSET pulse-widths estimation in the case of high-energy heavy-ion irradiation.

Operating experience of the J-PARC linac

Hasegawa, Kazuo; Asano, Hiroyuki; Chishiro, Etsuji; Hori, Toshihiko; Ito, Takashi; Kobayashi, Tetsuya; Kondo, Yasuhiro; Namekawa, Yuya; Oguri, Hidetomo; Okoshi, Kiyonori; et al.

Proceedings of 24th International Linear Accelerator Conference (LINAC 2008) (CD-ROM), p.55 - 57, 2009/00

http://accelconf.web.cern.ch/accelconf/LINAC08/papers/mop004.pdf

The beam commissioning of the J-PARC linac started in November 2006 and 181 MeV acceleration was successfully achieved in January 2007. The linac has delivered beams to the 3 GeV Rapid Cycling Synchrotron for its commissioning, and then, the subsequent Main Ring Synchrotron and the neutron target commissioning. The linac uses a Cs-free LaB-driven ion source and 20 units of 324 MHz klystrons. As of June 2008, the operation times are about 3,000 and 6,000 hours for the ion source and the RF source, respectively. The operating experience of the linac is described.