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Journal Articles

Viscosities of molten B$$_{4}$$C-stainless steel alloys

Nishi, Tsuyoshi*; Sato, Rika*; Ota, Hiromichi*; Kokubo, Hiroki*; Yamano, Hidemasa

Journal of Nuclear Materials, 552, p.153002_1 - 153002_7, 2021/08

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2021.153002
 Times Cited Count：3 Percentile：31.78(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

Determining high precision viscosities of molten B$$_{4}$$C-stainless steel (B$$_{4}$$C-SS) alloys is essential for the core disruptive accident analyses of sodium-cooled fast reactors and for analysis of severe accidents in boiling water reactors (BWR) as appeared in Fukushima Daiichi. However, there are no data on the high precision viscosities of molten B$$_{4}$$C-SS alloys due to experimental difficulties. In this study, the viscosities of molten SS (Type 316L), 2.5mass%B$$_{4}$$C-SS, 5.0mass%B$$_{4}$$C-SS, and 7.0mass%B$$_{4}$$C-SS alloys were measured using the oscillating crucible method in temperature ranges of 1693-1793 K, 1613-1793 K, 1613-1793 K, and 1713-1793 K, respectively. The viscosity was observed to increase as the B$$_{4}$$C concentration increased from 0 to 7.0 mass%. Using the experimental data of the molten 2.5mass%B$$_{4}$$C-SS and 5.0mass%B$$_{4}$$C-SS and 7.0mass%B$$_{4}$$C-SS in the temperature range of 1713-1793 K, the equation for the viscosity of molten B$$_{4}$$C-SS alloys was determined, and the measurement error of the viscosity of molten B$$_{4}$$C-SS alloys is less than $$pm$$8%.

Journal Articles

Study on eutectic melting behavior of control rod materials in core disruptive accidents of sodium-cooled fast reactors, 4; Effect of B$$_{4}$$C addition on viscosity of austenitic stainless steel in liquid state

Ota, Hiromichi*; Kokubo, Hiroki*; Nishi, Tsuyoshi*; Yamano, Hidemasa

Proceedings of International Nuclear Fuel Cycle Conference / Light Water Reactor Fuel Performance Conference (Global/Top Fuel 2019) (USB Flash Drive), p.858 - 860, 2019/09

A viscosity measurement apparatus has been developed. It is known that the measurement of the viscosity of molten alloy at elevated temperatures is difficult due to the difficulty of handling for low viscosity fluids such as the stainless steel (SS)+B$$_{4}$$C alloy. In this study, the viscosities of the molten nickel (Ni) and stainless steel (SS) were measured by the oscillating crucible method to confirm the performance of the viscosity measurement apparatus as a first step. This method is suitable for high temperature molten alloys. A crucible containing molten metal is suspended, and a rotational oscillation is given to the crucible electromagnetically. The oscillation was damped by the friction of molten metal. The viscosity is determined from the period of oscillation and the logarithmic decrement. The crucible was connected to a mirror block and an inertia disk made of aluminum, and whole of them was suspended by a wire made of platinum-13% rhodium alloy. A laser light is irradiated to the mirror. The reflection light is detected by the photo-detectors, and then, the logarithmic decrement of molten metal is determined. The viscosities of molten nickel and SS melts were measured up to 1823 K. In these results, the measured viscosity values of molten Ni and SS were close to those of the literature values of molten Ni and SS. By the equipment, the viscosity of molten SS+B$$_{4}$$C alloys are measured. The B$$_{4}$$C concentration dependence of the viscosity of molten SS+B$$_{4}$$C alloys is to be clarified.

Journal Articles

Viscosity measurement of nickel and stainless steel aiming at systematic viscosity measurement for molten mixture of stainless steel and boron-carbide

Kokubo, Hiroki*; Nishi, Tsuyoshi*; Ota, Hiromichi*; Yamano, Hidemasa

Nihon Kinzoku Gakkai-Shi, 82(10), p.400 - 402, 2018/09

https://doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet.JAW201812
 Times Cited Count：7 Percentile：36.72(Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering)

It is important to obtain the viscosity of a mixed alloy consisting of molten stainless steel and boron-carbide (SUS316L + B$$_{4}$$C alloy) for the improvement of severe accident assessment methodology for sodium-cooled fast reactors. In this study, the viscosities of the molten nickel (Ni) and stainless steel (SUS316L) were measured by the oscillating crucible method to confirm the performance of the viscosity measurement apparatus as a first step. The viscosities of molten Ni and SUS316L melts were measured up to 1823 K. It was found that the measured viscosity values of molten Ni and SUS316L were estimated from the deviation of the experimental data, were $$pm$$4% and $$pm$$3%, respectively. It was also found that those of molten Ni and SUS316L were close to those of the literature values of molten Ni and similar composite stainless steels. Moreover, we tentatively measured the viscosity of molten SUS316L-5 mass%B$$_{4}$$C alloy. The fitted results of the viscosity for molten Ni and SUS316L were obtained.

Oral presentation

Development of viscosity measurement apparatus using crucible rotational viscometer

Kokubo, Hiroki*; Ota, Hiromichi*; Nishi, Tsuyoshi*; Yamano, Hidemasa

no journal, , 

It is necessary to obtain viscosity data of eutectic molten material of boron carbide (B$$_{4}$$C) and stainless steel (SS) for severe accident analyses. To measure the viscosity, in this study, a crucible rotational viscometer has been developed using SS316L as a mother alloy.

Oral presentation

Development of the viscosity measurement apparatus of molten nickel and stainless steel

Kokubo, Hiroki*; Nishi, Tsuyoshi*; Ota, Hiromichi*; Yamano, Hidemasa

no journal, , 

It is necessary to obtain viscosity data of eutectic molten material of boron carbide (B$$_{4}$$C) and stainless steel (SS) for severe accident analyses. To measure the viscosity, in this study, a viscometer apparatus has been developed using Nuckel and stainless steel as a mother alloy.

Oral presentation

Viscosities of stainless steel and boron carbide alloy melts

Nishi, Tsuyoshi*; Ota, Hiromichi*; Kokubo, Hiroki*; Yamano, Hidemasa

no journal, , 

The viscosity measurements of the SS+5mass%B$$_{4}$$C and SS+10mass%B$$_{4}$$C alloy melts were performed in the temperature range from 1713 to 1823 K and from 1773 to 1813 K, respectively. In these results, there was no difference as expected for the viscosities of the SS+5mass%B$$_{4}$$C alloy melts and the SS+10mass%B$$_{4}$$C alloy melts. Moreover, the viscosities of the SS+5 mass%B$$_{4}$$C alloy melts can be fitted by Arrhenius's equation. It was also found that the viscosities of both SS+B$$_{4}$$C alloy melts were higher than that of the SS melts. It can be presumed that the viscosity of the SS+B$$_{4}$$C alloy melts increased with B$$_{4}$$C components.

Oral presentation

Study on eutectic melting behavior of control rod materials in core disruptive accidents of sodium-cooled fast reactors, 15; Viscosity measurement of 7mass%B$$_{4}$$C eutectic molten material

Nishi, Tsuyoshi*; Kokubo, Hiroki*; Takatsuka, Yuriko*; Ota, Hiromichi*; Yamano, Hidemasa

no journal, , 

The viscosity of the eutectic compound of boron carbide (B$$_{4}$$C) and stainless steel (SS) is necessary data for analyzing a severe accident. This paper describes the viscosity measurement of the eutectic compound of 7mass% B$$_{4}$$C-SS and its data verification, following the measurement of 5mass% and 10mass% B$$_{4}$$C-SS reported in JFY2017 and JFY2018.

Oral presentation

Viscosity measurement of molten SS-B$$_{4}$$C alloy

Kokubo, Hiroki*; Nishi, Tsuyoshi*; Ota, Hiromichi*; Takatsuka, Yuriko*; Yamano, Hidemasa

no journal, , 

The measurements of the viscosities of molten alloys at elevated temperatures is complex owing to the difficulty in handling low viscosity fluids such as SS-B$$_{4}$$C alloy. In this study, the viscosity of molten nickel (Ni) and stainless steel (SS) were measured using an oscillating crucible method to validate the performance of the viscosity measurement apparatus. This method is suitable for high-temperature molten alloys. A crucible containing molten metal was suspended, and a rotational oscillation was provided to the crucible electromagnetically. The friction of molten metal dampens the oscillation. The viscosity was determined from the period of oscillation and logarithmic decrement. The crucible was connected to a mirror block and an inertia disk made of aluminum, and then, suspended by a wire made of platinum-13% rhodium alloy. Laser light was used to irradiate the mirror. The reflection light was detected using photodetectors, and then, the logarithmic decrement of molten metal was determined. The viscosities of molten Ni and SS melts were measured up to 1823 K. From these results, the measured viscosity values of molten Ni and SS were found to be close to their literature values. The viscosity of molten SS-B$$_{4}$$C was determined in this study. However, B$$_{4}$$C composition dependence on the viscosity of molten SS-B$$_{4}$$C alloy is yet to be clarified.

Oral presentation

Viscosity measurements of molten stainless-steel containing boron-carbide

Nishi, Tsuyoshi*; Ota, Hiromichi*; Kokubo, Hiroki*; Sato, Rika*; Yamano, Hidemasa

no journal, , 

In this study, the viscosities of the molten SS (SUS316L), 2.5mass%B$$_{4}$$C-SS, 5.0mass%B$$_{4}$$C-SS, 7.0mass%B$$_{4}$$C-SS and 10mass%B$$_{4}$$C-SS alloys were measured by the oscillating crucible method. The viscosity measurements of the molten SS, 2.5mass%B$$_{4}$$C-SS and 5mass%B$$_{4}$$C-SS, 7mass%B$$_{4}$$C-SS and 10mass%B$$_{4}$$C-SS alloys were performed in the temperature range from 1613 to 1793 K, from 1713 to 1793 K, and from 1793 to 1823 K, respectively. In these results, the viscosity increased with B$$_{4}$$C components in the B$$_{4}$$C components range from 0 to 7.0mass%. The equation of viscosity of molten B$$_{4}$$C-SS alloys was estimated by using the experimental data of the molten 2.5mass%B$$_{4}$$C-SS and 5.0mass%B$$_{4}$$C-SS, and 7.0mass%B$$_{4}$$C-SS in the temperature range from 1713 to 1793 K. The equation of viscosity of molten SS+B$$_{4}$$C alloys was determined as follows. y=Ax+B, A=0.0302, B=-9.881$$times$$10$$^{-4}$$T+2.546, where x is the B$$_{4}$$C component and T is the temperature. The uncertainty of the equation is 2.5%.

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