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Journal Articles

Numerical simulation of coupled THM behaviour of full-scale EBS in backfilled experimental gallery in the Horonobe URL

Sugita, Yutaka; Ono, Hirokazu; Beese, S.*; Pan, P.*; Kim, M.*; Lee, C.*; Jove-Colon, C.*; Lopez, C. M.*; Liang, S.-Y.*

Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment, 42, p.100668_1 - 100668_21, 2025/06

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gete.2025.100668

Times Cited Count：1 Percentile：0.00(Energy & Fuels)

The international cooperative project DECOVALEX 2023 focused on the Horonobe EBS experiment in the Task D, which was undertaken to study, using numerical analyses, the thermo-hydro-mechanical (or thermo-hydro) interactions in bentonite based engineered barriers. One full-scale in-situ experiment and four laboratory experiments, largely complementary, were selected for modelling. The Horonobe EBS experiment is a temperature-controlled non-isothermal experiment combined with artificial groundwater injection. The Horonobe EBS experiment consists of the heating and cooling phases. Six research teams performed the THM or TH (depended on research team approach) numerical analyses using a variety of computer codes, formulations and constitutive laws.

Journal Articles

Quantitative evaluation of carbon dioxide emissions from the subsoils of volcanic and non-volcanic ash soils in temperate forest ecosystems

Abe, Yukiko; Nakayama, Masataka*; Atarashi-Andoh, Mariko; Tange, Takeshi*; Sawada, Haruo*; Liang, N.*; Koarashi, Jun

Geoderma, 455, p.117221_1 - 117221_11, 2025/03

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117221

Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0.00(Soil Science)

Subsoils (typically below a depth of 30 cm) contain more than half of global soil carbon (C) as soil organic C (SOC). However, the extent to which subsoil SOC contributes to the global C cycle and the factors that control it are unclear because quantitative evaluation of carbon dioxide (CO $_{2}$ ) emission from subsoils through direct observations is limited. This study aimed to quantify CO $_{2}$ emission from subsoils and determine factors that control CO $_{2}$ emission, focusing on the decomposability of soil organic matter (SOM) and the characteristics of the mineral-SOM association in soils. Therefore, a laboratory incubation experiment was conducted using surface soils (0-10 cm and 10-25 cm depth) and subsoils (30-45 cm and 45-60 cm depth) collected from four Japanese forest sites with two different soil types (volcanic ash and non-volcanic ash soils). The CO $_{2}$ emission from the subsoils was found to be responsible for 6%-23% of total CO $_{2}$ emission from the upper 60-cm mineral soil across all sites. Radiocarbon signatures of CO $_{2}$ released from the subsoils indicated the decomposition of decades-old SOM in the subsoils. The correlations between CO $_{2}$ emission rate and soil factors across both soil types suggested that the CO $_{2}$ emission from the subsoils is mainly controlled by the amounts of SOC easily available to soil microbes and microbial biomass C, not by the amounts of reactive minerals. Given the potential active participation of subsoils in terrestrial C cycling, most of the current soil C models that ignore subsoil C cycling are likely to underestimate the response of soil C to future climate change. The quantitative and mechanistic understanding of C cycling through a huge subsoil C pool is critical to accurately evaluating the role of soil C in the global C balance.

Journal Articles

Solid-state Alder-ene reaction of 1-hexene under high pressure

Xu, J.*; Lang, P.*; Liang, S.*; Zhang, J.*; Fei, Y.*; Wang, Y.*; Gao, D.*; Hattori, Takanori; Abe, Jun*; Dong, X.*; et al.

Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters (Internet), p.2445 - 2451, 2025/00

https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c03696

Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0.00(Chemistry, Physical)

The Alder-ene reaction is a chemical reaction between an alkene with an allylic hydrogen, and it provides an efficient method to construct the C-C bond. Traditionally, this reaction requires catalysts, high temperatures, or photocatalysis. In this study, we reported a high-pressure-induced solid-state Alder-ene reaction of 1-hexene at room temperature without a catalyst. 1-Hexene crystallizes at 4.3 GPa and polymerizes at 18 GPa, forming olefins. By exploring gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we discovered that 1-hexene generates dimeric products through the Alder-ene reaction under high pressures. The in situ neutron diffraction shows that the reaction process did not obey the topochemical rule. A six-membered ring transition state including one C-H bond and two alkene bonds was evidenced by the theoretical calculation, whose energy obviously decreased when compressed to 20 GPa. Our work offers a novel and promising method to realize the Alder-ene reaction at room temperature without a catalyst, expanding the application of this important reaction.

Journal Articles

Strong low-energy rattling modes enabled liquid-like ultralow thermal conductivity in a well-ordered solid

Liu, P.-F.*; Li, X.*; Li, J.*; Zhu, J.*; Tong, Z.*; Kofu, Maiko*; Nirei, Masami; Xu, J.*; Yin, W.*; Wang, F.*; et al.

National Science Review, 11(12), p.nwae216_1 - nwae216_10, 2024/12

https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwae216

Times Cited Count：13 Percentile：94.32(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

Journal Articles

Quantitative importance of subsoil nitrogen cycling processes in Andosols and Cambisols under temperate forests

Nakayama, Masataka; Abe, Yukiko; Atarashi-Andoh, Mariko; Tange, Takeshi*; Sawada, Haruo*; Liang, N.*; Koarashi, Jun

Applied Soil Ecology, 201, p.105485_1 - 105485_12, 2024/09

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105485

Times Cited Count：3 Percentile：73.33(Soil Science)

Nitrogen often limits plant growth in forest ecosystems. Plants, including trees, change vertical root distribution when nutrient competition is strong within surface soil layer and take up nitrogen even from subsurface soil layers in addition to the surface soil. However, there is still limited knowledge about nitrogen cycles within deeper soil layers. In this study, we investigated the vertical profiles (0-60 cm) of the net nitrogen mineralization and nitrification rates at four Japanese forest sites with two different soil types (Andosols and Cambisols). The partial least square path modeling (PLS-PM) was used to determine factors affecting nitrogen-cycling processes. The net nitrogen mineralization and nitrification rates per unit soil weight were considerably higher in surface soil layer than in deeper soil layers in Andosols but not in Cambisols. PLS-PM analysis showed that microbial biomass and soil organic matter quantities were the main factors influencing the net nitrogen mineralization and nitrification rates, indicating that a similar mechanism creating the spatial variations of nitrogen-cycling processes in surface soil layer predominantly regulates the processes in subsoil layers. Moreover, it was estimated that the net nitrogen mineralization rate could be comparable at all soil types and depths when the rate was expressed per unit soil volume. Therefore, our results suggest that subsoil layers are a quantitatively important nitrogen source for plant nutrients in Andosols and Cambisols, supporting high forest productivity.

Journal Articles

Validation of the $^{10}$ Be ground-state molecular structure using $^{10}$ Be() $^{6}$ He triple differential reaction cross-section measurements

Li, P. J.*; Beaumel, D.*; Lee, J.*; Assi, M.*; Chen, S.*; Franchoo, S.*; Gibelin, J.*; Hammache, F.*; Harada, T.*; Kanada-En'yo, Yoshiko*; et al.

Physical Review Letters, 131(21), p.212501_1 - 212501_7, 2023/11

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.212501

Times Cited Count：21 Percentile：94.59(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

The cluster structure of the neutron-rich isotope $^{10}$ Be has been probed via the () reaction. The triple differential cross-section was extracted and compared to distorted-wave impulse approximation reaction calculations performed in a microscopic framework using the Tohsaki-Horiuchi-Schuck-Rpke wave function and the wave function deduced from Antisymmetrized Molecular Dynamics calculations. The remarkable agreement between calculated and measured cross-sections in both shape and magnitude validates the description of the $^{10}$ Be ground-state as a rather compact nuclear molecule.

Journal Articles

Spin transport between polarized Fermi gases near the ferromagnetic phase transition

Zhang, T.*; Oue, Daigo*; Tajima, Hiroyuki*; Matsuo, Mamoru; Liang, H.*

Physical Review B, 108(15), p.155303_1 - 155303_9, 2023/10

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.108.155303

Times Cited Count：3 Percentile：37.63(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

Journal Articles

Dominant Andreev reflection through nonlinear radio-frequency transport

Zhang, T.*; Tajima, Hiroyuki*; Sekino, Yuta*; Uchino, Shun; Liang, H.*

Communications Physics (Internet), 6, p.86_1 - 86_7, 2023/04

https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-023-01199-9

Times Cited Count：1 Percentile：22.15(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

We theoretically propose the laser-induced Andreev reflection between two-component Fermi superfluid and normal states via spatially-uniform Rabi couplings. By analyzing the tunneling current between the superfluid and normal states up to the fourth order in the Rabi couplings, we find that the Andreev current exhibits unconventional non-Ohmic transport at zero temperature. Remarkably, the Andreev current gives the only contribution in the synthetic junction system at zero detunings regardless of the ratio of the chemical potential bias to the superfluid gap, which is in sharp contrast to that in the conventional superconductor-normal metal junction. Our result may also pave a way for understanding the black hole information paradox through the Andreev reflection as a quantum-information mirror.

Journal Articles

Multiple mechanisms in proton-induced nucleon removal at 100 MeV/nucleon

Pohl, T.*; Sun, Y. L.*; Obertelli, A.*; Lee, J.*; Gmez-Ramos, M.*; Ogata, Kazuyuki*; Yoshida, Kazuki; Cai, B. S.*; Yuan, C. X.*; Brown, B. A.*; et al.

Physical Review Letters, 130(17), p.172501_1 - 172501_8, 2023/04

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.172501

Times Cited Count：13 Percentile：87.42(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

We report on the first proton-induced single proton- and neutron-removal reactions from the neutron deficient $^{14}$ O nucleus with large Fermi-surface asymmetry at 100 MeV/nucleon. Our results provide the first quantitative contributions of multiple reaction mechanisms including the quasifree knockout, inelastic scattering, and nucleon transfer processes. It is shown that the inelastic scattering and nucleon transfer, usually neglected at such energy regime, contribute about 50% and 30% to the loosely bound proton and deeply bound neutron removal, respectively.

Journal Articles

Ten years of warming increased plant-derived carbon accumulation in an East Asian monsoon forest

Zhang, J.*; Kuang, L.*; Mou, Z.*; Kondo, Toshiaki*; Koarashi, Jun; Atarashi-Andoh, Mariko; Li, Y.*; Tang, X.*; Wang, Y.-P.*; Peuelas, J.*; et al.

Plant and Soil, 481(1-2), p.349 - 365, 2022/12

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-022-05642-8

Times Cited Count：12 Percentile：71.66(Agronomy)

Journal Articles

Calculation of -decay half-lives within a Skyrme-Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov energy density functional with the proton-neutron quasiparticle random-phase approximation and isoscalar pairing strengths optimized by a Bayesian method

Minato, Futoshi; Niu, Z.*; Liang, H.*

Physical Review C, 106(2), p.024306_1 - 024306_13, 2022/08

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.106.024306

Times Cited Count：12 Percentile：84.55(Physics, Nuclear)

Journal Articles

Spatial variation in soil respiration rate is controlled by the content of particulate organic materials in the volcanic ash soil under a plantation

Abe, Yukiko*; Liang, N.*; Teramoto, Munemasa*; Koarashi, Jun; Atarashi-Andoh, Mariko; Hashimoto, Shoji*; Tange, Takeshi*

Geoderma Regional (Internet), 29, p.e00529_1 - e00529_11, 2022/06

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geodrs.2022.e00529

Times Cited Count：3 Percentile：12.24(Soil Science)

This study aimed to clarify the causes of spatial variation in soil respiration rate on volcanic ash soil. From January 2013 to August 2019, soil respiration rates were measured at 40 measuring points periodically at a 35-year-old plantation in Tokyo, Japan. In August 2019, the carbon content of the litter layer, total carbon content of soil organic matter (SOM), carbon content of the low-density fraction (LF-C) of SOM, fine root biomass, and bulk density of soil were measured at all measuring points. Results of the multiple regression analysis showed that the model with only the LF-C as an explanatory variable had the highest capability for predicting the respiration rate at a soil temperature of 20 $^{circ}$ C, indicating that LF-C, which is considered to be readily available to soil microorganisms, can be the main factor responsible for the spatial variation in soil respiration rate.

JAEA Reports

Practical guide on soil sampling, treatment, and carbon isotope analysis for carbon cycle studies

Koarashi, Jun; Atarashi-Andoh, Mariko; Nagano, Hirohiko*; Sugiharto, U.*; Saengkorakot, C.*; Suzuki, Takashi; Kokubu, Yoko; Fujita, Natsuko; Kinoshita, Naoki; Nagai, Haruyasu; et al.

JAEA-Technology 2020-012, 53 Pages, 2020/10

JAEA-Technology-2020-012.pdf:3.71MB

There is growing concern that recent rapid changes in climate and environment could have a significant influence on carbon cycling in terrestrial ecosystems (especially forest ecosystems) and could consequently lead to a positive feedback for global warming. The magnitude and timing of this feedback remain highly uncertain largely due to a lack of quantitative understanding of the dynamics of organic carbon stored in soils and its responses to changes in climate and environment. The tracing of radiocarbon (natural and bomb-derived $^{14}$ C) and stable carbon ( $^{13}$ C) isotopes through terrestrial ecosystems can be a powerful tool for studying soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics. The primary aim of this guide is to promote the use of isotope-based approaches to improve our understanding of the carbon cycling in soils, particularly in the Asian region. The guide covers practical methods of soil sampling; treatment and fractionation of soil samples; preparation of soil samples for $^{13}$ C (and stable nitrogen isotope, $^{15}$ N) and $^{14}$ C analyses; and $^{13}$ C, $^{15}$ N, and $^{14}$ C measurements by the use of isotope ratio mass spectrometry and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). The guide briefly introduces ways to report $^{14}$ C data, which are frequently used for soil carbon cycling studies. The guide also reports results of a case study conducted in a Japanese forest ecosystem, as a practical application of the use of isotope-based approaches. This guide is mainly intended for researchers who are interested but are not experienced in this research field. The guide will hopefully encourage readers to participate in soil carbon cycling studies, including field works, laboratory experiments, isotope analyses, and discussions with great interest.

Journal Articles

Study of medium-spin states of neutron-rich $^{87,89,91}$ Rb isotopes

Torres, D. A.*; Chapman, R.*; Kumar, V.*; Hadinia, B.*; Hodsdon, A.*; Labiche, M.*; Liang, X.*; O'Donnell, D.*; Ollier, J.*; Orlandi, R.; et al.

European Physical Journal A, 55(9), p.158_1 - 158_21, 2019/09

https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2019-12839-6

Times Cited Count：1 Percentile：11.14(Physics, Nuclear)

Journal Articles

Kinetics study of the Al-water reaction promoted by an ultrasonically prepared Al(OH) $_{3}$ suspension

Liang, G.-H.*; Gai, W.-Z.*; Deng, Z.-Y.*; Xu, P. G.; Cheng, Z.*

RSC Advances (Internet), 6(42), p.35305 - 35314, 2016/04

AA2016-0023.pdf:1.41MB

https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RA01627H

Times Cited Count：19 Percentile：51.42(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)

Journal Articles

Adsorption behavior of $^{181}$ W and $^{rm 93m}$ Mo as lighter homologues of seaborgium (Sg) in HF/HNO $_{3}$ on anion-exchange resin

Liang, X. H.*; Tsukada, Kazuaki; Toyoshima, Atsushi; Li, Z.*; Asai, Masato; Sato, Tetsuya; Sato, Nozomi; Nagame, Yuichiro

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 292(2), p.917 - 922, 2012/05

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-012-1624-2

Times Cited Count：9 Percentile：54.18(Chemistry, Analytical)

Adsorption of carrier-free radiotracers $^{181}$ W and $^{rm 93m}$ Mo produced in the $^{181}$ Ta(, ) and $^{rm nat}$ Nb(, ) reactions, respectively, on anion-exchange resin was studied in mixed solution of HF and HNO $_{3}$ in a concentration range of 10 $^{-4}$ - 10 $^{-1}$ M HF/0.1 M HNO $_{3}$ . Distribution coefficients ( $K_{rm d}$ ) of $^{181}$ W and $^{rm 93m}$ Mo at 70 $^{circ}$ C showed the V-shaped variation with the minimum at around 10 $^{-1}$ M HF/0.1 M HNO $_{3}$ although variation of the $K_{rm d}$ values for $^{rm 93m}$ Mo was quite small compared with that for $^{181}$ W. Formation of oxofluoro complexes for W and Mo is briefly discussed.

Journal Articles

Sulfate complexation of element 104, Rf, in H $_{2}$ SO $_{4}$ /HNO $_{3}$ mixed solution

Li, Z.*; Toyoshima, Atsushi; Asai, Masato; Tsukada, Kazuaki; Sato, Tetsuya; Sato, Nozomi; Kikuchi, Takahiro; Nagame, Yuichiro; Schdel, M.; Pershina, V.*; et al.