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Amekura, Hiroshi*; Chettah, A.*; Narumi, Kazumasa*; Chiba, Atsuya*; Hirano, Yoshimi*; Yamada, Keisuke*; Yamamoto, Shunya*; Leino, A. A.*; Djurabekova, F.*; Nordlund, K.*; et al.
Nature Communications (Internet), 15, p.1786_1 - 1786_10, 2024/02
Injecting high-energy heavy ions in the electronic stopping regime into solids can create cylindrical damage zones called latent ion tracks. Although these tracks form in many materials, none have ever been observed in diamond, even when irradiated with high-energy GeV uranium ions. Here we report the first observation of ion track formation in diamond irradiated with 2-9 MeV C
fullerene ions. Depending on the ion energy, the mean track length (diameter) changed from 17 (3.2) nm to 52 (7.1) nm. High resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (HR-STEM) indicated the amorphization in the tracks, in which 
-bonding signal from graphite was detected by the electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS).
-ray spectroscopy of 
Mg via direct reactionsKitamura, Noritaka*; Wimmer, K.*; Miyagi, Takayuki*; Poves, A.*; Shimizu, Noritaka*; Tostevin, J. A.*; Bader, V. M.*; Bancroft, C.*; Barofsky, D.*; Baugher, T.*; et al.
Physical Review C, 105(3), p.034318_1 - 034318_17, 2022/03
Times Cited Count：2 Percentile：52.69(Physics, Nuclear)no abstracts in English
MgKitamura, Noritaka*; Wimmer, K.*; Poves, A.*; Shimizu, Noritaka*; Tostevin, J. A.*; Bader, V. M.*; Bancroft, C.*; Barofsky, D.*; Baugher, T.*; Bazin, D.*; et al.
Physics Letters B, 822, p.136682_1 - 136682_7, 2021/11
Times Cited Count：6 Percentile：71.66(Astronomy & Astrophysics)no abstracts in English
studied with high-pressure 
SRSugiyama, Jun; Higemoto, Wataru; Andreica, D.*; Forslund, O. K.*; Nocerino, E.*; M
nsson, M.*; Sassa, Y.*; Gupta, R.*; Khasanov, R.*; Ota, Hiroto*; et al.
Physical Review B, 103(10), p.104418_1 - 104418_10, 2021/03
Times Cited Count：8 Percentile：57.35(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)The magnetic nature of a quasi-one-dimensional compound, BaVSe, has been investigated with positive muon spin rotation and relaxation measurements at ambient and high pressures. At ambient pressure, the spectrum recorded under zero external magnetic field exhibited a clear oscillation below the Curie temperature due to the formation of quasistatic ferromagnetic order. As pressure increased from ambient pressure, 
was found to decrease slightly up to about 1.5 GPa, at which point started to increase rapidly with the further increase of the pressure. Based on a strong ferromagnetic interaction along the 
-axis, the result revealed that there are two magnetic interactions in the ab-plane.
Mg explored via in-beam -ray spectroscopyKitamura, Noritaka*; Wimmer, K.*; Shimizu, Noritaka*; Bader, V. M.*; Bancroft, C.*; Barofsky, D.*; Baugher, T.*; Bazin, D.*; Berryman, J. S.*; Bildstein, V.*; et al.
Physical Review C, 102(5), p.054318_1 - 054318_13, 2020/11
Times Cited Count：4 Percentile：45.12(Physics, Nuclear)no abstracts in English
= 0 selection rule in Gamow-Teller transitions; The 
-decay of 
HgBerry, T. A.*; Podoly
k, Zs.*; Carroll, R. J.*; Lic
, R.*; Grawe, H.*; Timofeyuk, N. K.*; Alexander, T.*; Andreyev, A. N.; Ansari, S.*; Borge, M. J. G.*; et al.
Physics Letters B, 793, p.271 - 275, 2019/06
Times Cited Count：5 Percentile：47.88(Astronomy & Astrophysics)Nordlund, K.*; Zinkle, S. J.*; Sand, A. E.*; Granberg, F.*; Averback, R. S.*; Stoller, R. E.*; Suzudo, Tomoaki; Malerba, L.*; Banhart, F.*; Weber, W. J.*; et al.
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 512, p.450 - 479, 2018/12
Times Cited Count：315 Percentile：99.52(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Scientific understanding of any kind of radiation effects starts from the primary damage. We consider the extensive experimental and computer simulation studies that have been performed over the past several decades on what the nature of the primary damage is. We review both the production of crystallographic or topological defects in materials as well as radiation mixing, i.e. the process where atoms in perfect crystallographic positions exchange positions with other ones in non-defective positions. We also consider the recent effort to provide alternatives to the current international standard for quantifying this energetic particle damage, the Norgett-Robinson-Torrens displacements per atom (NRT-dpa) model for metals. We present in detail new complementary displacement production estimators ("athermal recombination corrected dpa": arc-dpa) and atomic mixing ("replacements per atom": rpa) functions that extend the NRT-dpa, and discuss their advantages and limitations.
is not a prerequisite for the core/shell ion tracks or ion shapingAmekura, Hiroshi*; Kluth, P.*; Mota-Santiago, P.*; Sahlberg, I.*; Jantunen, V.*; Leino, A. A.*; Vazquez, H.*; Nordlund, K.*; Djurabekova, F.*; Okubo, Nariaki; et al.
Physical Review Materials (Internet), 2(9), p.096001_1 - 096001_10, 2018/09
Times Cited Count：10 Percentile：37.66(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)When a swift heavy ion (SHI) penetrates amorphous SiO, a core/shell (C/S) ion track is formed due to vaporization, where the ion track consists of a lower-density core and a higher-density shell. Here we reexamine this hypothesis. The MD simulations indicate that the vaporization is not induced under 50-MeV Si irradiation (
= 3 keV/nm), but the C/S tracks and the ion shaping of nanoparticles are nevertheless induced. Thus, the vaporization is not a prerequisite for the C/S tracks and the ion shaping.
Nordlund, K.*; Zinkle, S. J.*; Sand, A. E.*; Granberg, F.*; Averback, R. S.*; Stoller, R.*; Suzudo, Tomoaki; Malerba, L.*; Banhart, F.*; Weber, W. J.*; et al.
Nature Communications (Internet), 9, p.1084_1 - 1084_8, 2018/03
Times Cited Count：223 Percentile：98.88(Multidisciplinary Sciences)Atomic collision processes are fundamental to numerous advanced materials technologies such as electron microscopy, semiconductor processing and nuclear power generation. Experimental and computer simulation studies over the past several decades provide the physical basis for understanding the atomic-scale processes occurring during primary displacement events. The current international standard for quantifying this particle damage, the Norgett-Robinson-Torrens displacements per atom (NRT-dpa) model, has nowadays several well-known limitations. In particular, the number of radiation defects produced in energetic cascades in metals is only 
1/3 the NRT-dpa prediction, while the number of atoms involved in atomic mixing is about a factor of 30 larger than the dpa value. Here we propose two new complementary displacement production estimators.
Ho, D. M. L.*; Nelwamondo, A. N.*; Okubo, Ayako; Rameb
ck, H.*; Song, K.*; Han, S.-H.*; Hancke, J. J.*; Holmgren, S.*; Jonsson, S.*; Kataoka, Osamu; et al.
Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 315(2), p.353 - 363, 2018/02
Times Cited Count：2 Percentile：20.93(Chemistry, Analytical)The Fourth Collaborative Material Exercise (CMX-4) of the Nuclear Forensics International Technical Working Group (ITWG) registered the largest participation for this exercise in nuclear forensics, with seven of the 17 laboratories participating for the first time. In this paper, participants from five of the first-time laboratories shared their individual experience in this exercise, from preparation to analysis of samples. The exercise proved to be highly useful for testing procedures, repurposing established methods, exercising skills, and improving the understanding of nuclear forensic signatures and their interpretation trough the post-exercise review meeting.
Kristo, M. J.*; Williams, R.*; Gaffney, A. M.*; Kayzar-Boggs, T. M.*; Schorzman, K. C.*; Lagerkvist, P.*; Vesterlund, A.*; Ramebck, H.*; Nelwamondo, A. N.*; Kotze, D.*; et al.
Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 315(2), p.425 - 434, 2018/02
Times Cited Count：14 Percentile：81.7(Chemistry, Analytical)In a recent international exercise, 10 international nuclear forensics laboratories successfully performed radiochronometry on three low enriched uranium oxide samples, providing 12 analytical results using three different parent-daughter pairs serving as independent chronometers. The vast majority of the results were consistent with one another and consistent with the known processing history of the materials. In general, for these particular samples, mass spectrometry gave more accurate and more precise analytical results than decay counting measurements. In addition, the concordance of the 
U-
Pa and 
U-
Th chronometers confirmed the validity of the age dating assumptions, increasing confidence in the resulting conclusions.
Marian, J.*; Becquart, C. S.*; Domain, C.*; Dudarev, S. L.*; Gilbert, M. R.*; Kurtz, R. J.*; Mason, D. R.*; Nordlund, K.*; Sand, A. E.*; Snead, L. L.*; et al.
Nuclear Fusion, 57(9), p.092008_1 - 092008_26, 2017/06
Times Cited Count：104 Percentile：99.25(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)Under the anticipated operating conditions for demonstration magnetic fusion reactors beyond ITER, structural materials will be exposed to unprecedented conditions of irradiation, heat flux, and temperature. While such extreme environments remain inaccessible experimentally, computational modeling and simulation can provide qualitative and quantitative insights into materials response and complement the available experimental measurements. For plasma facing components such as the first wall and the divertor, tungsten (W) has been selected as the best candidate material due to its superior high-temperature and irradiation properties. In this paper we provide a review of recent efforts in computational modeling of W both as a plasma-facing material as well as a bulk structural material subjected to fast neutron irradiation. We highlight several of the most salient findings obtained via computational modeling and point out a number of remaining future challenges.
MgLund, M. V.*; Andreyev, A. N.; Borge, M. J. G.*; Cederkll, J.*; De Witte, H.*; Fraile, L. M.*; Fynbo, H. O. U.*; Greenlees, P. T.*; Harkness-Brennan, L. J.*; Howard, A. M.*; et al.
European Physical Journal A, 52(10), p.304_1 - 304_14, 2016/10
Times Cited Count：17 Percentile：75.78(Physics, Nuclear)
-forbidden 1/2
3/2 
transition in 
SnLic, R.*; Mach, H.*; Fraile, L. M.*; Gargano, A.*; Borge, M. J. G.*; Mrginean, N.*; Sotty, C. O.*; Vedia, V.*; Andreyev, A. N.; Benzoni, G.*; et al.
Physical Review C, 93(4), p.044303_1 - 044303_7, 2016/04
Times Cited Count：5 Percentile：39.53(Physics, Nuclear)
Ca; Bound neutron 
spectroscopic strength at 
= 29Gade, A.*; Tostevin, J. A.*; Bader, V. M.*; Baugher, T.*; Bazin, D.*; Berryman, J. S.*; Brown, B. A.*; Hartley, D. J.*; Lunderberg, E.*; Recchia, F.*; et al.
Physical Review C, 93(3), p.031601_1 - 031601_5, 2016/03
Times Cited Count：15 Percentile：70.42(Physics, Nuclear)no abstracts in English
NiChiara, C. J.*; Weisshaar, D.*; Janssens, R. V. F.*; Tsunoda, Yusuke*; Otsuka, Takaharu*; Harker, J. L.*; Walters, W. B.*; Recchia, F.*; Albers, M.*; Alcorta, M.*; et al.
Physical Review C, 91(4), p.044309_1 - 044309_10, 2015/04
Times Cited Count：39 Percentile：91.59(Physics, Nuclear)The neutron-rich isotope Ni was produced by multi-nucleon transfer reactions of Zn in the Argonne National Laboratory, and an in-beam -ray experiment were performed using the GRETINA array. The 
and 
levels of Ni were observed for the first time. Those levels are regarded as large deformed states associated with proton excitation from the 
orbit because they cannot be reproduced by a shell-model calculation assuming a small valence space without . A theoretical analysis based on the Monte Carlo shell model published in 2014 indicates that those levels corresponds to a prolate deformed band. The present result demonstrates the occurrence of shape coexistence in neutron-rich Ni isotopes other than a known case of 
Ni, and confirms the predictive power of the Monte Carlo shell-model calculation.
Nordlund, K.*; Sand, A. E.*; Granberg, F.*; Zinkle, S. J.*; Stoller, R.*; Averback, R. S.*; Suzudo, Tomoaki; Malerba, L.*; Banhart, F.*; Weber, W. J.*; et al.
NEA/NSC/DOC(2015)9 (Internet), 86 Pages, 2015/00
Within this report, we review the current understanding of primary radiation damage from neutrons, ions and electrons with emphasis on the range of validity of the dpa concept in all main classes of materials, and in particular discuss known shortcomings. We recognise that the current NRT-dpa standard is fully valid in the sense of a scaled radiation exposure measure, as it is essentially proportional to the radiation energy deposited per volume. As such, it is highly recommended to be used in reporting neutron damage results to enable comparison between different nuclear reactor environments and ion irradiations. However, in the sense of a measure of damage production the NRT-dpa value has several well-known problems. We discuss this matter and propose an improved dpa definition.
Sakamaki, Tatsuya*; Suzuki, Akio*; Otani, Eiji*; Terasaki, Hidenori*; Urakawa, Satoru*; Katayama, Yoshinori; Funakoshi, Kenichi*; Wang, Y.*; Hernlund, J. W.*; Ballmer, M. D.*
Nature Geoscience, 6(12), p.1041 - 1044, 2013/12
Times Cited Count：128 Percentile：96.48(Geosciences, Multidisciplinary)The bounday between Earth's rigid lighosphere and the underlying, ductile ashenosphere is marked by a distinct siseismic discontinuity. We measure the density, viscosity and structure of basaltic magmas using high-pressure and high-temperature experiments and in situ X-ray analysis under pressure of up to 5.5 GPa. We find that the magmas rapidly become denser with increasing presure and show a viscosity minimum near 4 GPa. Magma mobility determined by the density and viscosity data exhibits a peak at pressures corresponding to depths of 120-150 km, within the asthenosphere. The diminishing mobility of magma in Earth's asthenosphere as the mlets ascend could lead to excessive melt accumulation at depths of 80-100 km, at the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary. It is concluded that the observed seismic discontinuity at the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary records this accumulation of melt.
collisions at 
= 200 GeVAdare, A.*; Afanasiev, S.*; Aidala, C.*; Ajitanand, N. N.*; Akiba, Y.*; Al-Bataineh, H.*; Alexander, J.*; Aoki, K.*; Aphecetche, L.*; Armendariz, R.*; et al.
Physical Review D, 84(1), p.012006_1 - 012006_18, 2011/07
Times Cited Count：29 Percentile：72.31(Astronomy & Astrophysics)We report on the event structure and double helicity asymmetry (
) of jet production in longitudinally polarized collisions at = 200 GeV. Photons and charged particles were measured by the PHENIX experiment. Event structure was compared with the results from PYTHIA event generator. The production rate of reconstructed jets is satisfactorily reproduced with the next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD calculation. We measured = -0.0014 
0.0037 at the lowest 
bin and -0.0181 0.0282 at the highest bin. The measured is compared with the predictions that assume various 
distributions.
collisions at = 200 and 62.4 GeVAdare, A.*; Afanasiev, S.*; Aidala, C.*; Ajitanand, N. N.*; Akiba, Yasuyuki*; Al-Bataineh, H.*; Alexander, J.*; Aoki, Kazuya*; Aphecetche, L.*; Armendariz, R.*; et al.
Physical Review C, 83(6), p.064903_1 - 064903_29, 2011/06
Times Cited Count：184 Percentile：99.44(Physics, Nuclear)Transverse momentum distributions and yields for 
, and 
in collisions at = 200 and 62.4 GeV at midrapidity are measured by the PHENIX experiment at the RHIC. We present the inverse slope parameter, mean transverse momentum, and yield per unit rapidity at each energy, and compare them to other measurements at different collisions. We also present the scaling properties such as 
and 
scaling and discuss the mechanism of the particle production in collisions. The measured spectra are compared to next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations.
