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Roth, M.*; Alber, I.*; Bagnoud, V.*; Brown, C. R. D.*; Clarke, R.*; 大道 博行; Fernandez, J.*; Flippo, K.*; Gaillard, S.*; Gauthier, C.*; et al.
Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, 51(12), p.124039_1 - 124039_7, 2009/12
被引用回数：29 パーセンタイル：71.82(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)The acceleration of intense proton and ion beams by ultra-intense lasers has matured to a point where applications in basic research and technology are being developed. Crucial for harvesting the unmatched beam parameters driven by the relativistic electron sheath is the precise control of the beam. In this paper we report on recent experiments using the PHELIX laser at GSI, the VULCAN laser at RAL and the TRIDENT laser at LANL to control and use laser accelerated proton beams for applications in high energy density research. We demonstrate efficient collimation of the proton beam using high field pulsed solenoid magnets, a prerequisite to capture and transport the beam for applications. Furthermore, we report on two campaigns to use intense, short proton bunches to isochorically heat solid targets up to the warm dense matter state. The temporal profile of the proton beam allows for rapid heating of the target, much faster than the hydrodynamic response time thereby creating a strongly coupled plasma at solid density. The target parameters are then probed by X-ray Thomson scattering to reveal the density and temperature of the heated volume. This combination of two powerful techniques developed during the past few years allows for the generation and investigation of macroscopic samples of matter in states present in giant planets or the interior of the earth.
下司 和男; Ikda, T.*; Kobayashi, J.*; Makita, Y.*; Nakamura, E.*; Niizeki, N.*; Nomura, S.*; Sakudo, T.*; Shiozaki, Y.*; Tatsuzaki, I.*; et al.
Landolt-B
rnstein, New Series III/3 Suppl., 496 Pages, 1974/00
抄録なし
Alam, M. M.*; 山北 絵理*; 森 裕樹*; 小嵐 淳; 安藤 麻里子; 阿部 有希子; 中山 理智; 平舘 俊太郎*
no journal, ,
The formation and development of Japanese Silandic (Sil-A) and Aluandic (Alu-A) Andosols remain unclear. This study aims to clarify the depth profile of chemical properties of these soils and understand the transformation of Sil-A to Alu-A in Japan. Soil samples from Sil-A and Alu-A were collected from natural forest areas in Miyazaki, Japan, up to 50 cm depth with a 5 cm interval and analyzed for C content, 
C value, pH, pyrophosphate and acid-oxalate extractable Al (Alp and Alo). Alu-A was more acidic. The C contents ranged from 1.6% to 26.7% for Sil-A and 6.1% to 14.9% for Alu-A. For both soils, allophane and imogolite contents were very low in the uppermost horizon but increased with depth more rapidly in Sil-A than in Alu-A. The Alp/Alo values were higher in shallower layers in both soils and decreased with depth more rapidly in Sil-A than in Alu-A. Therefore, both soil profiles had a Silandic layer overlaid by an Aluandic layer, and the Aluandic horizon in Alu-A was thicker than that in Sil-A. It would be possible to interpret that Sil-A formed first, and it is transformed into Alu-A with receiving more acidic materials (e.g., precipitation and plant-derived materials). The detailed depth profile sampling, like at an interval of 5 cm, could be an effective and prominent approach to understand the pedogenesis and their chemical transformation of soils.
