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Alam, M. M.*; 山北 絵理*; Tamanna, S.*; Thae, E. P.*; 小嵐 淳; 安藤 麻里子; 阿部 有希子; 中山 理智; 森 裕樹*; 平舘 俊太郎*
Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 72(3), p.289 - 300, 2026/05
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Plant Sciences)Andic Andosols, prevalent in Japan, have been classified as Allophanic or Non-allophanic, based on indicators: oxalate-extractable silicon (Sio), the ratio of pyrophosphate- to acid-oxalate-extractable aluminum (Alp/Alo), and exchangeable acidity (y1), in the Fifth Committee for Soil Classification and Nomenclature 2017 (FCSCN 2017). This study investigated chemical and mineralogical properties in six forested Andosol profiles to assess the consistency of these indicators and their link to soil formation. While FCSCN 2017 classified two profiles as Allophanic and four as Non-allophanic, inconsistencies were found among the indicators. Sio content is proposed as a more reliable indicator of allophanic material richness than the Alp/Alo ratio, which is influenced by organic matter content. Sio and y1 are suggested as informative parameters for diagnosing allophanic content and soil acidity, respectively. The findings contribute to refining Andosol classification and enhancing our understanding of Andosol formation under forests.
Alam, M. M.*; 山北 絵理*; 井上 弦*; 小嵐 淳; 安藤 麻里子; 阿部 有希子; 中山 理智*; 森 裕樹*; 平舘 俊太郎*
Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 72(1), p.55 - 66, 2026/01
被引用回数：4 パーセンタイル：79.39(Plant Sciences)Andosols are one of the major soil types in Japan. Andosols have been grouped into two distinct categories: Silandic and Aluandic, but their formation has not been well investigated. To clarify the formation process of the Andosols, two soil profiles were collected from natural forest sites at Aya (Sil-A) and Shiiba (Alu-A) in Miyazaki. The soil samples were analyzed for carbon stock, and chemical and mineralogical properties. Based on the analytical data, Sil-A was classified as a Silandic Andosol and an Allophanic Andosol, whereas Alu-A was classified as an Aluandic/Silandic Andosol and a Non-allophanic Andosol. The changes in the chemical and mineralogical properties with depth suggested that acidification had happened from upper layers, resulting in dissolution of the allophanic materials and formation of Al-humus complexes in both soils, and Alu-A would have been more deeply affected by this process than Sil-A. Therefore, we conclude that Silandic Andosols can be transformed into Aluandic Andosols with acidification.
Roth, M.*; Alber, I.*; Bagnoud, V.*; Brown, C. R. D.*; Clarke, R.*; 大道 博行; Fernandez, J.*; Flippo, K.*; Gaillard, S.*; Gauthier, C.*; et al.
Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, 51(12), p.124039_1 - 124039_7, 2009/12
被引用回数：36 パーセンタイル：75.54(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)The acceleration of intense proton and ion beams by ultra-intense lasers has matured to a point where applications in basic research and technology are being developed. Crucial for harvesting the unmatched beam parameters driven by the relativistic electron sheath is the precise control of the beam. In this paper we report on recent experiments using the PHELIX laser at GSI, the VULCAN laser at RAL and the TRIDENT laser at LANL to control and use laser accelerated proton beams for applications in high energy density research. We demonstrate efficient collimation of the proton beam using high field pulsed solenoid magnets, a prerequisite to capture and transport the beam for applications. Furthermore, we report on two campaigns to use intense, short proton bunches to isochorically heat solid targets up to the warm dense matter state. The temporal profile of the proton beam allows for rapid heating of the target, much faster than the hydrodynamic response time thereby creating a strongly coupled plasma at solid density. The target parameters are then probed by X-ray Thomson scattering to reveal the density and temperature of the heated volume. This combination of two powerful techniques developed during the past few years allows for the generation and investigation of macroscopic samples of matter in states present in giant planets or the interior of the earth.
下司 和男; Ikda, T.*; Kobayashi, J.*; Makita, Y.*; Nakamura, E.*; Niizeki, N.*; Nomura, S.*; Sakudo, T.*; Shiozaki, Y.*; Tatsuzaki, I.*; et al.
Landolt-B
rnstein, New Series III/3 Suppl., 496 Pages, 1974/00
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Alam, M. M.*; 山北 絵理*; Tamanna, S.*; Thae, E. P.*; 小嵐 淳; 安藤 麻里子; 阿部 有希子; 中山 理智; 森 裕樹*; 平舘 俊太郎*
no journal, ,
Andosols with andic properties have been grouped into Allophanic and Non-allophanic, but their formation mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to clarify the relationships among Non-allophanic indicators, Sio, Alp/Alo, and y1, and understand the pedogenesis of Allophanic and Non-allophanic Andosols in Japan. Soil samples from six Andosol profiles were collected from well-preserved forests in Japan, at 5 cm intervals. For all the soils, Sio values were low in shallower depths. Oppositely, Alp/Alo values were found higher in the upper layers. Although Sio, Alp/Alo, and y1 have been regarded as indicators to be Non-allophanic/Allophanic in Japanese soil classification system, their inconsistent changes were observed. Some horizons had high amounts of Sio and high y1 values simultaneously, which should be termed as strongly acidic and allophane-rich horizons. These horizons would be formed when the allophane-rich horizon receives a large amount of acid, but the allophane still remains in the horizon.
Alam, M. M.*; 山北 絵理*; 森 裕樹*; 小嵐 淳; 安藤 麻里子; 阿部 有希子; 中山 理智; 平舘 俊太郎*
no journal, ,
The formation and development of Japanese Silandic (Sil-A) and Aluandic (Alu-A) Andosols remain unclear. This study aims to clarify the depth profile of chemical properties of these soils and understand the transformation of Sil-A to Alu-A in Japan. Soil samples from Sil-A and Alu-A were collected from natural forest areas in Miyazaki, Japan, up to 50 cm depth with a 5 cm interval and analyzed for C content, 
C value, pH, pyrophosphate and acid-oxalate extractable Al (Alp and Alo). Alu-A was more acidic. The C contents ranged from 1.6% to 26.7% for Sil-A and 6.1% to 14.9% for Alu-A. For both soils, allophane and imogolite contents were very low in the uppermost horizon but increased with depth more rapidly in Sil-A than in Alu-A. The Alp/Alo values were higher in shallower layers in both soils and decreased with depth more rapidly in Sil-A than in Alu-A. Therefore, both soil profiles had a Silandic layer overlaid by an Aluandic layer, and the Aluandic horizon in Alu-A was thicker than that in Sil-A. It would be possible to interpret that Sil-A formed first, and it is transformed into Alu-A with receiving more acidic materials (e.g., precipitation and plant-derived materials). The detailed depth profile sampling, like at an interval of 5 cm, could be an effective and prominent approach to understand the pedogenesis and their chemical transformation of soils.
