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Journal Articles

Accuracy of prediction method of cryogenic tensile strength for austenitic stainless steels in ITER toroidal field coil structure

Sakurai, Takeru; Iguchi, Masahide; Nakahira, Masataka; Saito, Toru*; Morimoto, Masaaki*; Inagaki, Takashi*; Hong, Y.-S.*; Matsui, Kunihiro; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Kajitani, Hideki; et al.

Physics Procedia, 67, p.536 - 542, 2015/07

 Times Cited Count:3 Percentile:73.39

Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) has developed the tensile strength prediction method at liquid helium temperature (4K) using the quadratic curve as a function of the content of carbon and nitrogen in order to establish the rationalized quality control of the austenitic stainless steel used in the ITER superconducting coil operating at 4K. ITER is under construction aiming to verify technical demonstration of a nuclear fusion generation. Toroidal Field Coil (TFC), one of superconducting system in ITER, have been started procurement of materials in 2012. JAEA is producing materials for actual product which are the forged materials with shape of rectangle, round bar, asymmetry and etc. JAEA has responsibility to procure all ITER TFC Structures. In this process, JAEA obtained many tensile strength of both room temperature and 4K about these structural materials, for example, JJ1: High manganese stainless steel for structure (0.03C-12Cr-12Ni-10Mn-5Mo- 0.24N) and 316LN: High nitrogen containing stainless steel (0.2Nitrogen). Based on these data, accuracy of 4K strength prediction method for actual TFC Structure materials was evaluated and reported in this study.

Journal Articles

Non-destructive examination of jacket sections for ITER central solenoid conductors

Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Suwa, Tomone; Nabara, Yoshihiro; Ozeki, Hidemasa; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Isono, Takaaki; Matsui, Kunihiro; Kawano, Katsumi; Oshikiri, Masayuki; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 25(3), p.4200904_1 - 4200904_4, 2015/06

 Times Cited Count:3 Percentile:20.32(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

The Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) is responsible for procuring all amounts of Central Solenoid (CS) Conductors for ITER, including CS jacket sections. The conductor is cable-in-conduit conductor (CICC) with a central spiral. A total of 576 Nb$$_{3}$$Sn strands and 288 copper strands are cabled around the central spiral. The maximum operating current is 40 kA at magnetic field of 13 T. CS jacket section is circular in square type tube made of JK2LB, which is high manganese stainless steel with boron added. Unit length of jacket sections is 7 m and 6,300 sections will be manufactured and inspected. Outer/inner dimension and weight are 51.3/35.3 mm and around 90 kg, respectively. Eddy Current Test (ECT) and Phased Array Ultrasonic Test (PAUT) were developed for non-destructive examination. The defects on inner and outer surfaces can be detected by ECT. The defects inside jacket section can be detected by PAUT. These technology and the inspected results are reported in this paper.

Journal Articles

Behavior of Nb$$_{3}$$Sn cable assembled with conduit for ITER central solenoid

Nabara, Yoshihiro; Suwa, Tomone; Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Kajitani, Hideki; Ozeki, Hidemasa; Sakurai, Takeru; Iguchi, Masahide; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Isono, Takaaki; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 25(3), p.4200305_1 - 4200305_5, 2015/06

 Times Cited Count:0 Percentile:0(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

Journal Articles

Nuclear energy (Technical topic); Development of ITER toroidal field (TF) coil

Hemmi, Tsutomu; Kajitani, Hideki; Takano, Katsutoshi; Matsui, Kunihiro; Koizumi, Norikiyo

Yosetsu Gakkai-Shi, 83(6), p.497 - 502, 2014/09

JAEA, serving as the Japan Domestic Agency (JADA) in the ITER project, is responsible for the procurement of 9 TF coils. In the TF coil, the radial plate (RP) structure is selected to improve electrical and mechanical reliability of the electrical insulation. Since the superconductor is degraded by the bending strain of 0.1% after the reaction heat-treatment, the conductor is inserted into the RP after winding to D-shape and the heat-treatment. To insert the conductor into the RP, the winding and RP groove length must be controlled with accuracy of 0.02% (7 mm on the 1 turn of 34 m). Accordingly, the targets for solving this issue are as follows: (1) Development of manufacturing procedure of the RP; (2) Development of winding head to achieve highly accurate winding; (3) Estimation of the conductor elongation after the heat-treatment. Therefore, JAEA can establish manufacturing plan for the TF coil as a result of the R&D for these targets.

Journal Articles

Optimization of heat treatment of Japanese Nb$$_3$$Sn conductors for toroidal field coils in ITER

Nabara, Yoshihiro; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Kajitani, Hideki; Ozeki, Hidemasa; Suwa, Tomone; Iguchi, Masahide; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Isono, Takaaki; Matsui, Kunihiro; Koizumi, Norikiyo; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 24(3), p.6000605_1 - 6000605_5, 2014/06

 Times Cited Count:7 Percentile:39.64(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Investigation of strand bending in the He-inlet during reaction heat treatment for ITER TF Coils

Hemmi, Tsutomu; Matsui, Kunihiro; Kajitani, Hideki; Okuno, Kiyoshi; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Ishimi, Akihiro; Katsuyama, Kozo

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 24(3), p.4802704_1 - 4802704_4, 2014/06

 Times Cited Count:1 Percentile:9.47(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), as Japan Domestic Agency, has responsibility to procure nine ITER Toroidal Field (TF) coils. The TF coil winding consists of a Nb$$_{3}$$Sn Cable-In-Conduit conductor, a pair of joints and a He-inlet. The current capacity of 68 kA is required at the magnetic field of 7 T around the He-inlet region in the TF coil winding. During reaction heat-treatment, the compressive residual strain in Nb$$_{3}$$Sn cable is induced by the difference in the thermal expansion coefficients between the Nb$$_{3}$$Sn cable and stainless steel jacket. The strands bending in the Nb$$_{3}$$Sn cable of the He-inlet is anticipated since there is the compressive residual strain and a gap between the Nb$$_{3}$$Sn cable and the He-inlet to introduce SHE flow. If the strand is bent, the variation of mechanical behaviors, such as the elongation of He-inlet during the reaction heat-treatment and the thermally induced residual strain on the jacket around the He-inlet, are expected. To investigate the strands bending in the Nb$$_{3}$$Sn cable of the He-inlet, the following items are performed; (1) elongation measurement during reaction heat-treatment, (2) residual longitudinal strain measurement using strain gauges by sample cuttings, (3) nondestructive inspection on the cable and strands using high resolution X-ray CT, Detail of test results and investigation of the strands bending in the Nb$$_{3}$$Sn cable of the He-inlet are reported and discussed.

Journal Articles

Cabling technology of Nb$$_3$$Sn conductor for ITER central solenoid

Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Nabara, Yoshihiro; Ozeki, Hidemasa; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Isono, Takaaki; Matsui, Kunihiro; Kawano, Katsumi; Oshikiri, Masayuki; Uno, Yasuhiro; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 24(3), p.4802404_1 - 4802404_4, 2014/06

 Times Cited Count:23 Percentile:73.01(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) is procuring all amounts of Nb$$_3$$Sn conductors for Central Solenoid (CS) in the ITER project. Before start of mass-productions, the conductor should be tested to confirm superconducting performance in the SULTAN facility, Switzerland. The original design of cabling twist pitches is 45-85-145-250-450 mm, called normal twist pitch (NTP). The test results of the conductors with NTP was that current shearing temperature (Tcs) is decreasing due to electro-magnetic (EM) load cycles. On the other hand, the results of the conductors with short twist pitches (STP) of 25-45-80-150-450 mm show that the Tcs is stabilized during EM load cyclic tests. Because the conductors with STP have smaller void fraction, higher compaction ratio during cabling is required and possibility of damage on strands increases. The technology for the cables with STP was developed in Japanese cabling suppliers. The several key technologies will be described in this paper.

Journal Articles

Evaluation of inter-laminar shear strength of GFRP composed of bonded glass/polyimide tapes and cyanate-ester/epoxy blended resin for ITER TF coils

Hemmi, Tsutomu; Nishimura, Arata*; Matsui, Kunihiro; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Nishijima, Shigehiro*; Shikama, Tatsuo*

AIP Conference Proceedings 1574, p.154 - 161, 2014/01

 Times Cited Count:6 Percentile:92.73

Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), as Japan Domestic Agency, has responsibility to procure 9 ITER Toroidal Field (TF) coils. The insulation system of the ITER TF coils consists of 3 layers of insulations, which are a conductor insulation, a double-pancake (DP) insulation and a ground insulation, composed of multi-layer glass/polyimide tapes impregnated a resin. The ITER TF coils are required to withstand an irradiation of 10 MGy from $$gamma$$-ray and neutrons since the ITER TF coils is exposed by first neutron ($$>$$ 0.1 MeV) of 10$$^{22}$$ n/m$$^{2}$$ during the operation of 20 years in the ITER. Cyanate-ester/epoxy blended resins and bonded glass/polyimide tapes are developed as insulation materials to realize the required radiation-hardness for the insulation of the ITER TF coils. To evaluate the radiation-hardness of the developed insulation materials, the inter-laminar shear strength of glass-fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP) fabricated using developed insulation materials is measured as one of most important mechanical properties before/after the irradiation in a fission reactor of JRR-3. As a result, it is demonstrated that the GFRPs using the developed insulation materials have a sufficient performance to apply the ITER TF coil insulation.

Journal Articles

Cable twist pitch variation in Nb$$_{3}$$Sn conductors for ITER toroidal field coils in Japan

Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Nabara, Yoshihiro; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Isono, Takaaki; Hamada, Kazuya; Matsui, Kunihiro; Kawano, Katsumi; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Oshikiri, Masayuki; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 23(3), p.4801504_1 - 4801504_4, 2013/06

 Times Cited Count:11 Percentile:50.68(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) is the first to start the mass production of the TF conductors in March 2010 among the 6 parties who are procuring TF conductors in the ITER project. The height and width of the TF coils are 14 m and 9 m, respectively. The conductor is cable-in-conduit conductor (CICC) with a central spiral. A circular multistage superconducting cable is inserted into a circular stainless steel jacket with a thickness of 2 mm. A total of 900 Nb$$_{3}$$Sn strands and 522 copper strands are cabled around the central spiral and the cable is inserted into a round-in-round stainless steel jacket. It was observed that the cabling pitch of the destructive sample is longer than the original pitch at cabling. The JAEA carried out the tensile tests of the cable and the measurement of the cable rotation during the insertion to investigate the cause of the elongation. The cause of elongation was clarified and the results will be described in this paper.

Journal Articles

Examination of Nb$$_{3}$$Sn conductors for ITER central solenoids

Nabara, Yoshihiro; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Kajitani, Hideki; Ozeki, Hidemasa; Iguchi, Masahide; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Isono, Takaaki; Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Matsui, Kunihiro; Koizumi, Norikiyo; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 23(3), p.4801604_1 - 4801604_4, 2013/06

 Times Cited Count:10 Percentile:48.09(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Risk assessment for ITER TF coil manufacturing

Ueno, Kenichi; Matsui, Kunihiro; Nishino, Toru; Isono, Takaaki; Okuno, Kiyoshi

Plasma and Fusion Research (Internet), 8(Sp.1), p.2405062_1 - 2405062_5, 2013/05

Japan Domestic Agency (JADA) for ITER will procure toroidal field (TF) coil structures and winding packs, and assemble them into a final TF coil configuration. Because the manufacturing schedule of the TF coils is on a critical path toward the first plasma of ITER, coil manufacturing must be successful and proceed on schedule. Therefore, risk assessment and management for the manufacturing are vital. JADA performed a risk assessment on the basis of past manufacturing experiences and risk mitigation policy for ITER. The results show that risks can be mitigated to a level that we can assure sufficint quality of the TF coil by sound design, manufacturing and quality management processes developed through R&D activities, and the use of prototypes.

Journal Articles

ITER magnet systems; From qualification to full scale construction

Nakajima, Hideo; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Iguchi, Masahide; Nabara, Yoshihiro; Matsui, Kunihiro; Chida, Yutaka; Kajitani, Hideki; Takano, Katsutoshi; Isono, Takaaki; Koizumi, Norikiyo; et al.

Proceedings of 24th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference (FEC 2012) (CD-ROM), 8 Pages, 2013/03

The ITER organization and 6 Domestic Agencies (DA) have been implementing the construction of ITER superconducting magnet systems. Four DAs have already started full scale construction of Toroidal Field (TF) coil conductors. The qualification of the radial plate manufacture has been completed, and JA and EU are ready for full scale construction. JA has qualified full manufacturing processes of the winding pack with a 1/3 prototype and made 2 full scale mock-ups of the basic segments of TF coil structure to optimize and industrialize the manufacturing process. Preparation and qualification of the full scale construction of the TF coil winding is underway by EU. Procurement of the manufacturing equipment is near completion and qualification of manufacturing processes has already started. The constructions of other components of the ITER magnet systems are also going well towards the main goal of the first plasma in 2020.

Journal Articles

Method to evaluate CIC conductor performance by voltage taps using CSMC facility

Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Nabara, Yoshihiro; Matsui, Kunihiro; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Isono, Takaaki; Hamada, Kazuya; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Nakajima, Hideo

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 22(3), p.4803804_1 - 4803804_4, 2012/06

 Times Cited Count:0 Percentile:0(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Mass production of Nb$$_{3}$$Sn conductors for ITER toroidal field coils in Japan

Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Isono, Takaaki; Hamada, Kazuya; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Nabara, Yoshihiro; Matsui, Kunihiro; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Kawano, Katsumi; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Oshikiri, Masayuki; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 22(3), p.4801904_1 - 4801904_4, 2012/06

 Times Cited Count:7 Percentile:41.46(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

Japan Atomic Energy Agency is the first to start the mass production of the TF conductors in Phase IV in March 2010 among the 6 parties who are procuring TF conductors in the ITER project. The conductor is cable-in-conduit conductor with a central spiral. A total of 900 Nb$$_{3}$$Sn strands and 522 copper strands are cabled around the central spiral and then wrapped with stainless steel tape whose thickness is 0.1 mm. Approximately 60 tons of Nb$$_{3}$$Sn strands were manufactured by the two suppliers in December 2010. This amount corresponds to approximately 55% of the total contribution from Japan. Approximately 30% of the total contribution from Japan was completed as of February 2011. JAEA is manufacturing one conductor per month under a contract with two Japanese companies for strands, one company for cabling and one company for jacketing. This paper summarizes the technical developments including a high-level quality assurance. This progress is a significant step in the construction of the ITER machine.

Journal Articles

Test results and investigation of Tcs degradation in Japanese ITER CS conductor samples

Hemmi, Tsutomu; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Nabara, Yoshihiro; Yoshikawa, Masatoshi*; Matsui, Kunihiro; Kajitani, Hideki; Hamada, Kazuya; Isono, Takaaki; Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Koizumi, Norikiyo; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 22(3), p.4803305_1 - 4803305_5, 2012/06

 Times Cited Count:44 Percentile:85.91(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

To characterize the performance of the CS conductor, a CS conductor sample was tested in the SULTAN facility at CRPP. As a result of the cyclic test up to 1000 cycles, measured Tcs was in good agreement with the expected Tcs, which is calculated by the characteristics of the Nb$$_{3}$$Sn strands and the designed strain. However, continuous degradation of Tcs was observed after 1000 cycles. The degradation of Tcs was around 0.6 K from 1000 cycles to 6000 cycles. On the other hand, the degradation of Tcs by cyclic operation is nearly 0.1 K from 1000 cycles to 10,000 cycles in the CS Insert test at JAEA in 2000. To investigate the causes for the degradation of Tcs, the following items are performed; (1) strain measurement by neutron diffraction, (2) strain measurement by sample cuttings, (3) strand position observation, (4) visual inspection on strands, (5) filament breakage observation, (6) modeling and calculation of the degradation. Detailed results will be presented and discussed.

Journal Articles

Trial fabrication of one-third scale double pancake of ITER toroidal field coil

Matsui, Kunihiro; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Takano, Katsutoshi; Nakajima, Hideo; Kimura, Satoshi*; Iijima, Ami*; Sakai, Masahiro*; Osemochi, Koichi*; Shimada, Mamoru*

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 22(3), p.4203005_1 - 4203005_5, 2012/06

 Times Cited Count:6 Percentile:37.87(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

JAEA is responsible for the procurement of 9 toroidal field (TF) coils as Japanese Domestic Agency. JAEA had started several trials to successfully develop technologies for the TF coil manufacture since March 2009, and performed one-third scale trials aiming at qualifying and optimizing the procedures of the TF coil fabrication. The fabricated double pancakes (DPs) were successfully put into the profile with tolerances from zero to 1.5 mm. These tolerances correspond to 0.06% accuracy in the conductor length. The geometry of the DP was changed after heat treatment. Heat treatment procedure to avoid such deformation should be developed or the change of winding geometry should be taken into account in the fabrication of the TF coils. The one-third scale DP was successfully impregnated. Although exothermal reaction is given to take place during curing in the blended resin, we successfully cured the one-third scale DP.

Journal Articles

Examination of Japanese mass-produced Nb$$_3$$Sn conductors for ITER toroidal field coils

Nabara, Yoshihiro; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Isono, Takaaki; Hamada, Kazuya; Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Matsui, Kunihiro; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Kawano, Katsumi; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Ebisawa, Noboru; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 22(3), p.4804804_1 - 4804804_4, 2012/06

 Times Cited Count:17 Percentile:65.56(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Development of ITER TF coil in Japan

Koizumi, Norikiyo; Matsui, Kunihiro; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Takano, Katsutoshi; Chida, Yutaka; Iguchi, Masahide; Nakajima, Hideo; Shimada, Mamoru*; Osemochi, Koichi*; Makino, Yoshinobu*; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 22(3), p.4200404_1 - 4200404_4, 2012/06

 Times Cited Count:9 Percentile:47.66(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

JAEA started sub- and full-scale trials to qualify and optimize manufacturing procedure of ITER TF coil from March, 2009. As major outcome of these trials, automatic winding system with accuracy in conductor length measurement of 0.01% has been established and the elongation of the conductor length due to heat treatment was measured to be 0.06%. To confirm validity of these outcomes, the authors carried out winding of a one-third scale dummy double pancake (DP), followed by its insulation and impregnation trial, and, in addition, heat treatment of one-third scale DP with real a TF conductor. The details about these trials are described in the other paper. The authors also performed trial manufacture of full scale RP and CPs for dummy double pancake, which will be made in near future. The full scale RP is manufactured by machining 10 segments in parallel to shorten machining duration and joining each segment by welding. In our trial manufacture of the full scale RP, hot-rolled SS316LN plates are machined to a final dimension, namely without additional material, and these segments are laser-welded. From these trials, manufacturing procedure of a thick hot-roll SS316LN plate is qualified and machining procedure is established, while more optimization may be necessary to achieve the required schedule and cost.

Journal Articles

Results of ITER toroidal field coil cover plate welding test

Koizumi, Norikiyo; Matsui, Kunihiro; Shimizu, Tatsuya; Nakajima, Hideo; Iijima, Ami*; Makino, Yoshinobu*

Teion Kogaku, 47(3), p.186 - 192, 2012/03

In the ITER TF coil, cover plates (CP) are welded to teeth of a radial plate (RP) to fix a conductor in the groove of the RP. Though total length of welds is approximately 1.5 km and height and width of an RP are 14 m and 9 m, respectively, the welding deformation better than 1 mm in local distortion and several milli-meters in in-plane deformation is required. Therefore, laser welding is used for the CP welding to reduce welding deformation as possible. However, a gap of a welding joint is expected to be 0.5 mm at the maximum. Therefore, at first, the laser welding technique to enable welding on the gap of 0.5 mm width is developed in this study. Using this technology, CP welding trial using an RP mock was successfully performed. The achieved flatness is 0.6 mm. In addition, the welding deformation of a full-scale RP is estimated by the analysis using the inherent strain. The results show that the flatness of 1 mm is achievable and profile of 5 mm can be achieved. Since the in-plane deformation can be corrected by welding somewhere to originate artificial welding deformation, it is confident that the required tolerance of several milli-meters in in-plan profile is achievable.

Journal Articles

Winding trials for ITER toroidal field coils

Matsui, Kunihiro; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Nakajima, Hideo; Kimura, Satoshi*; Shimada, Mamoru*

Teion Kogaku, 47(3), p.160 - 165, 2012/03

no abstracts in English

219 (Records 1-20 displayed on this page)