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Journal Articles

Neoclassical transport simulations with an improved model collision operator

Matsuoka, Seikichi*; Sugama, Hideo*; Idomura, Yasuhiro

Physics of Plasmas, 28(6), p.064501_1 - 064501_5, 2021/06

 Times Cited Count:4 Percentile:34.38(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)

The improved model collision operator proposed by Sugama et al., which can recover the friction-flow relation of the linearized Landau collision operator, is newly implemented in a global full- f gyrokinetic simulation code, GT5D, and collisional transport simulations of a single ion species plasma in a tokamak are performed over the wide collisionality regime. The improved operator is verified to reproduce the theoretical collisional thermal diffusivity precisely in the high collisionality regime, where the friction-flow relation of higher accuracy is required than in the lower collisional regime. In addition, it is found in all collisionality regimes that the higher accuracy of the collisional thermal diffusivity and the parallel flow coefficient is obtained by the improved operator, demonstrating that collisional processes described by the linearized Landau collision operator is correctly retained.

Journal Articles

Neoclassical transport benchmark of global full-f gyrokinetic simulation in stellarator configurations

Matsuoka, Seikichi; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Satake, Shinsuke*

Physics of Plasmas, 25(2), p.022510_1 - 022510_10, 2018/02

 Times Cited Count:18 Percentile:71.68(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)

Global full-f gyrokinetic simulations, in which the gyrokinetic equation is solved based on the first principle without the scale separation with respect to the plasma distribution function, is attracting much attention in the plasma transport simulation studies. In this work, in order to apply a global full-f gyrokinetic simulation code GT5D to stellarator plasmas with complicated three-dimensional magnetic field configurations, we extend finite difference scheme of GT5D and develop a new interface code which incorporates the three-dimensional magnetic equilibria provided by a standard equilibrium code, VMEC. A series of benchmark calculations are carried out for the numerical verification of GT5D. It is successfully demonstrated that GT5D well reproduces results of a theoretical analysis and another global neoclassical transport code.

Journal Articles

Electron heat diffusivity in radially-bounded ergodic region of toroidal plasma

Kanno, Ryutaro*; Nunami, Masanori*; Satake, Shinsuke*; Matsuoka, Seikichi; Takamaru, Hisanori*

Nuclear Fusion, 58(1), p.016033_1 - 016033_7, 2018/01

 Times Cited Count:0 Percentile:0.00(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)

The electron heat transport in a torus plasma which involves a radially-bounded ergodic region, where flux surfaces are partially destroyed by perturbative magnetic fields, is studied. In this paper, we have demonstrated that the radial heat conduction by the particles' parallel motion is reduced by trapped particles.

Journal Articles

Global kinetic simulations of neoclassical toroidal viscosity in low-collisional perturbed tokamak plasmas

Matsuoka, Seikichi; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Satake, Shinsuke*

Physics of Plasmas, 24(10), p.102522_1 - 102522_9, 2017/10

 Times Cited Count:4 Percentile:20.19(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)

In axisymmetric tokamak plasmas, effects of three-dimensional non-axisymmetric magnetic field perturbations caused by error fields etc. have attracted much attention from the view point of the control of the plasma performance and instabilities. Recent studies pointed out that there exists qualitative discrepancy in predicting the collisional viscosity driven by the perturbation between a theoretical bounce-averaged model and a global kinetic simulation. Clarifying the cause of the discrepancy by understanding the underlying mechanism is a key issue to establish a reliable basis for the NTV predictions. In this work, we perform two different kinds of global kinetic simulations for the NTV. As a result, it is first demonstrated that the discrepancy arises owing to the following two mechanisms related to the global particle orbit; (1) the effective magnitude of the perturbation becomes weak due to the loss of the resonant orbit, and (2) the phase mixing along the orbit arises and generates fine scale structures, resulting the damping of the NTV.

Journal Articles

Benchmark of the local drift-kinetic models for neoclassical transport simulation in helical plasmas

Huang, B.*; Satake, Shinsuke*; Kanno, Ryutaro*; Sugama, Hideo*; Matsuoka, Seikichi

Physics of Plasmas, 24(2), p.022503_1 - 022503_19, 2017/02

 Times Cited Count:11 Percentile:51.14(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)

The drift kinetic equation describes the collisional (neoclassical) transport in plasmas. Recently, a novel radially-local approximation of the drift kinetic equation, which is called the zero orbit width (ZOW) model, is proposed. In this work, as a numerical verification of the neoclassical transport based on the ZOW model, we perform a series of benchmarks of the neoclassical transport and the parallel flow in three helical magnetic configurations using various types of radially-local approximation models including the ZOW model. We found that the neoclassical transport of the ZOW model can reproduce that based on the other models when the radial electric field and thus the $$E times B$$ drift is large. Also, it is demonstrated that an unphysical large radial transport, which arises in the neoclassical transport of the other models when the $$E times B$$ drift is small and compared to the magnetic drift, can be mitigated in the ZOW model.

Journal Articles

Development of a drift-kinetic simulation code for estimating collisional transport affected by RMPs and radial electric field

Kanno, Ryutaro*; Nunami, Masanori*; Satake, Shinsuke*; Matsuoka, Seikichi; Takamaru, Hisanori*

Contributions to Plasma Physics, 56(6-8), p.592 - 597, 2016/08

 Times Cited Count:2 Percentile:10.95(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)

A drift-kinetic $$delta f$$ simulation code is developed for estimating collisional transport in quasi-steady state of toroidal plasma affected by resonant magnetic perturbations and radial electric field. In this paper, validity of the code is confirmed through several test calculations. It is found that radial electron flux is reduced by positive radial-electric field, although radial diffusion of electron is strongly affected by chaotic field-lines under an assumption of zero electric field.

Journal Articles

Computational challenges towards Exa-scale fusion plasma turbulence simulations

Idomura, Yasuhiro; Asahi, Yuichi; Ina, Takuya; Matsuoka, Seikichi

Proceedings of 24th International Congress of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (ICTAM 2016), p.3106 - 3107, 2016/08

Turbulent transport in fusion plasmas is one of key issues in ITER. To address this issue via the five dimensional (5D) gyrokinetic model, a novel computing technique is developed, and strong scaling of the Gyrokinetic Toroidal 5D Eulerian code GT5D is improved up to $$sim 0.6$$ million cores on the K-computer. The computing technique consists of multi-dimensional/multi-layer domain decomposition, overlap of communication and computation, and optimization of computing kernels for multi-core CPUs. The computing power enabled us to study ITER relevant issues such as the plasma size scaling of turbulent transport. Towards the next generation burning plasma turbulence simulations, the physics model is extended including kinetic electrons and multi-species ions, and computing kernels are further optimized for the latest many-core architectures.

Journal Articles

Radially local approximation of the drift kinetic equation

Sugama, Hideo*; Matsuoka, Seikichi; Satake, Shinsuke*; Kanno, Ryutaro*

Physics of Plasmas, 23(4), p.042502_1 - 042502_11, 2016/04

 Times Cited Count:7 Percentile:35.55(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)

A novel radially local approximation of the drift kinetic equation is presented. The new drift kinetic equation that includes both $$rm E times B$$ and tangential magnetic drift terms is written in the conservative form and it has favorable properties for numerical simulation that any additional terms for particle and energy sources are unnecessary for obtaining stationary solutions under the radially local approximation. These solutions satisfy the intrinsic ambipolarity condition for neoclassical particle fluxes in the presence of quasisymmetry of the magnetic field strength. Also, another radially local drift kinetic equation is presented, from which the positive definiteness of entropy production due to neoclassical transport and Onsager symmetry of neoclassical transport coefficients are derived while it sacrifices the ambipolarity condition for neoclassical particle fluxes in axisymmetric and quasi-symmetric systems.

Journal Articles

Progress report of Japanese simulation research projects using the high-performance computer system Helios in the International Fusion Energy Research Centre

Ishizawa, Akihiro*; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Imadera, Kenji*; Kasuya, Naohiro*; Kanno, Ryutaro*; Satake, Shinsuke*; Tatsuno, Tomoya*; Nakata, Motoki*; Nunami, Masanori*; Maeyama, Shinya*; et al.

Purazuma, Kaku Yugo Gakkai-Shi, 92(3), p.157 - 210, 2016/03

The high-performance computer system Helios which is located at The Computational Simulation Centre (CSC) in The International Fusion Energy Research Centre (IFERC) started its operation in January 2012 under the Broader Approach (BA) agreement between Japan and the EU. The Helios system has been used for magnetised fusion related simulation studies in the EU and Japan and has kept high average usage rate. As a result, the Helios system has contributed to many research products in a wide range of research areas from core plasma physics to reactor material and reactor engineering. This project review gives a short catalogue of domestic simulation research projects. First, we outline the IFERC-CSC project. After that, shown are objectives of the research projects, numerical schemes used in simulation codes, obtained results and necessary computations in future.

Journal Articles

Quality and performance of a pseudo-random number generator in massively parallel plasma particle simulations

Matsuoka, Seikichi*; Satake, Shinsuke*; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Imamura, Toshiyuki*

Proceedings of Joint International Conference on Mathematics and Computation, Supercomputing in Nuclear Applications and the Monte Carlo Method (M&C + SNA + MC 2015) (CD-ROM), 13 Pages, 2015/04

The quality and performance of a parallel pseudo-random number generator (PRNG), KMATH_RANDOM, are investigated using a Monte Carlo particle simulation code for the plasma transport. The library is based on Mersenne Twister with jump routines and provides a numerical tool which is suitable and easy-to-use on massively parallel supercomputers such as K-computer. The library enables the particle code to increase the parallelization up to several thousand processes without loosing the quality and performance of the PRNG. As a result, the particle code can use large amounts of random numbers, which results in removing unphysical phenomena caused by a numerical noise.

Journal Articles

Turbulence spectra, transport, and $$E$$$$times$$$$B$$ flows in helical plasmas

Watanabe, Tomohiko*; Nunami, Masanori*; Sugama, Hideo*; Satake, Shinsuke*; Matsuoka, Seikichi*; Ishizawa, Akihiro*; Maeyama, Shinya; Tanaka, Kenji*

Proceedings of 24th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference (FEC 2012) (CD-ROM), 8 Pages, 2012/10

Oral presentation

Global kinetic simulation studies on the collisionality dependency of the neoclassical toroidal viscosity driven by perturbed magnetic field

Matsuoka, Seikichi; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Satake, Shinsuke*

no journal, , 

Effects of non-axisymmetric magnetic field perturbations on plasma transport in tokamaks have attracted much attention from the view point of the control of the plasma performance and instabilities. Recent studies pointed out that there exists qualitative discrepancy in predicting the collisional viscosity driven by the perturbation between a theoretical bounce-averaged model and a global kinetic simulation. Clarifying the cause of the discrepancy is a key issue to establish a reliable basis for the NTV predictions. In this work, we perform two types of global kinetic simulations for the NTV to investigate the discrepancy from the theoretical model. As a result, it is first demonstrated that the discrepancy arises owing to the following two mechanisms; (1) resonant structures predicted in the bounce-averaged model become weak due to global particle orbit width effects, and (2) the velocity space structures are damped by the phase mixing.

Oral presentation

Results from GT5DISO projects

Idomura, Yasuhiro; Matsuoka, Seikichi; Ina, Takuya; Garbet, X.*; Brunner, S.*; Villard, L.*; Kawai, Chika*

no journal, , 

This talk reviews outcomes from GT5DISO projects, which was conducted for FY2014-2016. In this project, isotope effects on turbulent transport have been studied using the gyrokinetic toroidal five dimensional full-f Eulerian code GT5D. In FY2014, it was shown that the ion temperature gradient driven (ITG) turbulence with adiabatic electrons does not show isotope effects, and the trapped electron mode (TEM) driven by kinetic trapped electrons is essential for this issue. In FY2015, a new hybrid kinetic electron model was developed in GT5D, and its verification tests for ITG-TEM turbulence simulations were conducted. In FY2016, the kinetic electron model was validated against electron heating modulation experiments, in which the TEM turbulence plays key roles in particle and momentum transport. Finally, we performed isotope scan of ITG-TEM turbulence simulations, which tend to indicate difference of confinement between hydrogen and deuterium plasmas.

Oral presentation

Benchmark of neoclassical transport in a global full-f gyrokinetic simulations for stellarator plasmas

Matsuoka, Seikichi; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Satake, Shinsuke*

no journal, , 

Global full-f gyrokinetic simulations, in which the gyrokinetic equation is solved based on the first principle without the scale separation with respect to the plasma distribution function, is attracting much attention in the plasma transport study. In this study, we extend a global full-f gyrokinetic simulation code, GT5D, to treat stellarator plasmas with complicated three-dimensiuonal magnetic field equilibria by developing a new interface code which incorporates the three-dimensional equilibria provided by a standard equilibrium code, VMEC, and by extending a finite difference scheme in GT5D. In order to obtain numerical verification of GT5D, we perform a series of benchmark simulations. It is successfully confirmed that GT5D well reproduces results of a theoretical analysis and another neoclassical transport code.

Oral presentation

Development of GT5D for stellarator configurations

Matsuoka, Seikichi*; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Satake, Shinsuke*; Honda, Mitsuru*; Suzuki, Yasuhiro*

no journal, , 

A Gyrokinetic Toroidal 5D full-f Eulerian code GT5D is extended for three dimensional magnetic configurations such as stellarators and tokamaks with perturbed magnetic fields. An interface program for three dimensional equilibrium magnetic configuration code VMEC is constructed to generate a vector potential used in GT5D. The developed code is verified through benchmark calculations of neoclassical transport and geodesic acoustic modes in a Large Helical Device configuration. The results show quantitative agreements against the three dimensional delta-f particle code FORTEC3D.

Oral presentation

Current status of GT5D code for three-dimensional magnetic field equilibria

Matsuoka, Seikichi; Idomura, Yasuhiro

no journal, , 

Recently, full-f simulations, in which the gyrokinetic equation is solved for the total plasma distribution function is evolved based on the first principle, attracted much attention in the plasma transport study. Rich physics has been revealed by the simulations in axisymmetric tokamak plasmas such as JT-60 and ITER. However, no full-f gyrokinetic simulations in non-axisymmetric, or three-dimensional magnetic field equilibria such as stellarators and/or helical devices have been reported so far due to their complicated magnetic field geometries which requires more computational resources. In this work, we extend a full-f gyrokinetic simulation code, GT5D, to treat three-dimensional magnetic equilibria by modifying its coordinates, and develop a new interface between GT5D and VMEC, where VMEC is a numerical tool to construct a three-dimensional magnetic equilibria. In the presentation, we give a presentation of the current status of the code development, numerical scheme used in the code, and simulation results.

Oral presentation

Full-f gyrokinetic simulations for neoclassical toroidal viscosity in a perturbed tokamak configuration

Matsuoka, Seikichi*; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Satake, Shinsuke*

no journal, , 

A magnetic field perturbation in tokamak plasmas plays a key role in determining the intrinsic rotation and velocity shear, since even a small perturbation can break the axisymmetry in the toroidal direction and induces the finite neoclassical toroidal viscosity (NTV). A simulation study for the NTV evaluation in an axisymmetric tokamak with a small resonant magnetic field perturbation using the full-f gyrokinetic Eulerian code GT5D is presented. The magnetic field perturbation is included in the particle orbit of GT5D only through the Hamiltonian by replacing the axisymmetric magnetic field with the sum of the axisymmetric field and the perturbation, which enables us to perform GT5D simulations without changing the symplectic structure of the single-particle Lagrangian constructed for the equilibrium (axisymmetric) magnetic field. Numerical results are benchmarked with those obtained by the neoclassical transport code, FORTEC-3D, which solves the drift kinetic equation by Monte Carlo method. The NTV of GT5D with a single-helicity perturbation is found to have a similar peaked profile around the resonant surface as that of FORTEC-3D.

Oral presentation

The Neoclassical toroidal viscosity caused by perturbed bounce harmonic resonance

Matsuoka, Seikichi; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Satake, Shinsuke*

no journal, , 

Effects of non-axisymmetric magnetic field perturbations in tokamaks have attracted much attention from the view point of the control of the plasma performance and instabilities. Recent studies pointed out that there exists qualitative discrepancy of the NTV prediction between a theoretical bounce-averaged model and a global kinetic simulation. Clarifying the cause of the discrepancy is a key issue to establish a reliable basis for the NTV predictions. In this work, we perform two types of global kinetic simulations for the NTV to investigate the discrepancy from the theoretical model. As a result, it is first demonstrated that the discrepancy arises owing to the following two mechanisms; (1) resonant structures predicted in the bounce-averaged model become weak due to global particle orbit width effects, and (2) the velocity space structures are damped by the phase mixing.

Oral presentation

Global kinetic simulations for neoclassical toroidal viscosity in perturbed tokamak plasmas

Matsuoka, Seikichi; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Satake, Shinsuke*

no journal, , 

Effects of non-axisymmetric magnetic field perturbations have attracted much attention from the view point of the control of the plasma performance and instabilities. The perturbations cause the neoclassical toroidal viscosity (NTV) due to the non-ambipolar particle transport. Recent studies pointed out that the qualitative discrepancy of the NTV prediction exist between a theoretical bounce-averaged model and a global kinetic simulation. It is crucial to clarify the cause of the discrepancy to establish a reliable basis for the NTV predictions. In this work, we perform two types of global kinetic simulations for the NTV to investigate the discrepancy from the theoretical model. As a result, it is first demonstrated that the discrepancy arises due to the following two mechanisms; the absence of the magnetic field shear effect in the bounce-averaged model and the so-called transient particle orbit caused by the non-axisymmetric perturbations.

Oral presentation

Comparison of bootstrap current calculation in helical plasmas among different types of approximations in drift-kinetic equation

Huang, B.*; Satake, Shinsuke*; Kanno, Ryutaro*; Matsuoka, Seikichi

no journal, , 

The bootstrap current, or the parallel flow in a toroidal plasma is described by the neoclassical transport theory. In recent studies, it was pointed out that numerical models of the radially-local neoclassical transport, in which the radial drift of particles is entirely neglected, can be classified according to approximations used in the models. In this work, we perform a series of benchmarks of the parallel flow for the LHD, HSX, and W7-X by using three types of the local neoclassical transport simulations models. It is shown that the magnetic drift tangential to a flux surface significantly changes the parallel flow when the radial electric field is weak in a low-collisional LHD plasma. We also find that the effect of the tangential drift becomes small in other magnetic configurations of HSX and W7-X.

34 (Records 1-20 displayed on this page)