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Noguchi, Kazuhiko*; Miyano, Hiroshi*; Muramatsu, Ken*; Narumiya, Yoshiyuki*; Takata, Takashi; Muta, Hitoshi*; Itoi, Tatsuya*; Matsumoto, Masaaki*; Matsunaga, Yoko*; Sugiyama, Kenichiro*
no journal, ,
The risk is used for an index to judge. The risk to be considered varies according to the purpose of the judgment. The analysis of the risk needs the knowledge of the nuclear energy system and society.
Miyano, Hiroshi*; Muramatsu, Ken*; Noguchi, Kazuhiko*; Narumiya, Yoshiyuki*; Takata, Takashi; Muta, Hitoshi*; Itoi, Tatsuya*; Matsumoto, Masaaki*; Matsunaga, Yoko*; Sugiyama, Kenichiro*
no journal, ,
In considering nuclear safety, it is an important task to clarify the relationship with "peace of mind" that is the heart of people. What is the state that scientific safety is something that people feel safe? We considered the relationship between quantified risk and safety, and ways to acquire peace of mind. We analyzed the thresholds of safety risks as a social common, showed a safe condition, and showed the importance of forming a consensus to obtain peace of mind.
Matsumoto, Masaaki*; Miyano, Hiroshi*; Noguchi, Kazuhiko*; Muramatsu, Ken*; Narumiya, Yoshiyuki*; Takata, Takashi; Muta, Hitoshi*; Itoi, Tatsuya*; Matsunaga, Yoko*; Sugiyama, Kenichiro*
no journal, ,
In society, understanding of risk is various. We will show how to understand risk and describe how to face risks in the society. Individual risks are accepted by individuals, but it is necessary for society to construct a structure in society that allows risks to be tolerated by society. For that purpose, we also describe what social risk is and how society and individuals face social risks and how to choose risks to accept. We consider not only the concept of nuclear risk but also how nuclear risk should be accepted from the viewpoint of disaster prevention for the public.
Matsunaga, Yoko*; Miyano, Hiroshi*; Noguchi, Kazuhiko*; Muramatsu, Ken*; Narumiya, Yoshiyuki*; Takata, Takashi; Muta, Hitoshi*; Itoi, Tatsuya*; Matsumoto, Masaaki*; Sugiyama, Kenichiro*
no journal, ,
After Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident, it becomes more important risk communication with the public. In discussions with the public in nuclear safety, communication and discussions on risks that not only nuclear risks also social risks are important. Differences in viewpoints, understanding, and thought about risks become communication difficult. We need to discuss risks fairly, appropriately with the public and reduce total social risks.
Takata, Takashi; Miyano, Hiroshi*; Noguchi, Kazuhiko*; Muramatsu, Ken*; Narumiya, Yoshiyuki*; Muta, Hitoshi*; Itoi, Tatsuya*; Matsumoto, Masaaki*; Matsunaga, Yoko*
no journal, ,
A considering nuclear safety, it is an important task to clarify the relationship with "peace of mind" that is the heart of people. In this paper, a fundamental methodology of risk assessment for nuclear safety is introduced based on a probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) method. Furthermore, an application of the methodology for an external event is also discussed.
Narumiya, Yoshiyuki*; Miyano, Hiroshi*; Noguchi, Kazuhiko*; Muramatsu, Ken*; Takata, Takashi; Muta, Hitoshi*; Itoi, Tatsuya*; Matsumoto, Masaaki*; Matsunaga, Yoko*
no journal, ,
In order to grasp efficiency of risk information, we tried to apply an insight of PRA to considering of severe accidents; TMI, Chernobyl, and Fukushima Dai-ichi. Based on this analysis, three points are disclosed. At first, PRA can product adequate countermeasures for low-likelihood events; huge earthquake or Tsunami. Next, PRA can prove weak points in design or operation reasonably. Third point is safety culture. PRA and safety culture are seemed to be connected deeply. These analyses revealed PRA is one of the most efficient and systematic risk analysis methods to prevent/mitigate severe accidents.
Narumiya, Yoshiyuki*; Miyano, Hiroshi*; Noguchi, Kazuhiko*; Muramatsu, Ken*; Takata, Takashi; Muta, Hitoshi*; Itoi, Tatsuya*; Matsumoto, Masaaki*; Matsunaga, Yoko*
no journal, ,
Target of PRA is not calculating PRA to get CDF/CFF, but providing significant and useful information from PRA results for risk-informed activities. Lot of risk applications have been implemented these about 20 years in US. After Fukushima Dai-ichi accidents, Japanese Nuclear Regulation Authority provided new regulatory requirements about external events and beyond design events. And Risk Application faces full-scale implementation. In this report, several methods of risk application are showed with adequate risk indexes. Two examples of risk application, risk-informed shutdown management and RI-ISI, are provided. The explanation about Risk Informed Decision-Making Process is made.
Takada, Tsuyoshi; Horiike, Hiroshi*; Miyano, Hiroshi*; Ebisawa, Katsumi*
no journal, ,
Trials related to seismic safety of nuclear power plants are being held in many places in Japan. Among many controversial issues, the study group on trials on nuclear power plants in JSM has studied the recent court decisions on nuclear safety against future earthquakes; that of the Osaka District Court, the Mito District Court, and the Sendai District Court. The concept of "substantial safety" and "procedural safety", along with the concept of "Defense in Depth (DiD)" proposed by International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), particularly the fifth protection level namely effective evacuation planning are discussed herein. Finally, the probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) study must be done to treat the substantial safety of nuclear power plants and to cover all levels of protection described in the DiD concept.