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Journal Articles

Analysis of factors contributing to the increase in $$^{7}$$Be activity concentrations in the atmosphere

Narazaki, Yukinori*; Sakoda, Akihiro; Akata, Naofumi*; Ito, Hisanori*; Momoshima, Noriyuki*

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(16), p.10128_1 - 10128_9, 2022/08

 Times Cited Count:2 Percentile:33.12(Environmental Sciences)

In March 2013, increased $$^{7}$$Be activity concentrations in the atmosphere were observed for successive days in Dazaifu, western Japan. The daily $$^{7}$$Be activity concentration averages ranged from 0.93 to 14 mBq/m$$^{3}$$, with a monthly average of 8.3 mBq/m$$^{3}$$. This average was the highest among the monthly averages observed between 1999 and 2015 and higher than the monthly average over this period (4.7 mBq/m$$^{3}$$) plus twice the standard deviation (1.7 $$times$$ 2 mBq/m$$^{3}$$ = 8.1 mBq/m$$^{3}$$). Also, this exceeded the monthly average (6.0 mBq/m$$^{3}$$) only for March 1999-2015, excluding 2013, where the cosmic-ray intensity, a component producing $$^{7}$$Be, decreased. Based on the backward trajectory analysis results, the inflow of air from the stratosphere and upper troposphere at high latitudes that frequently occurred in March 2013 was considered the reason for the $$^{7}$$Be activity concentration increase.

Journal Articles

Cosmogenic $$^{7}$$Be; Particle size distribution and chemical composition of $$^{7}$$Be-carrying aerosols in the atmosphere in Japan

Narazaki, Yukinori*; Sakoda, Akihiro; Takahashi, Shunta*; Momoshima, Noriyuki*

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 237, p.106690_1 - 106690_7, 2021/10

 Times Cited Count:4 Percentile:21.49(Environmental Sciences)

The particle size distributions of airborne aerosols with $$^{7}$$Be were measured using cascade impactors at Dazaifu, a city in western Japan, in 2018 to observe their seasonal variation. $$^{7}$$Be was found to be attached to aerosols with a particle size of less than 2.1 $$mu$$m; in general, particles sized 0.43-0.65 $$mu$$m had the highest $$^{7}$$Be activity concentrations. The activity median aerodynamic diameter (AMAD) of $$^{7}$$Be was in the range of 0.39-0.52 $$mu$$m, which is the size range of particles that can reach human alveoli, and had an annual mean of 0.43$$pm$$0.035 $$mu$$m. The activity concentrations of $$^{7}$$Be were significantly lower in summer, which affected its activity concentrations in the particle size distributions of $$^{7}$$Be. The particle size distribution of $$^{7}$$Be-carrying aerosols was also affected by that of the aerosol particles in the atmosphere. Finally, findings suggest that $$^{7}$$Be was mainly attached to sulfate aerosols (particularly ammonium sulfate aerosols).

Journal Articles

Simple pretreatment method for tritium measurement in environmental water samples using a liquid scintillation counter

Nakasone, Shunya*; Yokoyama, Sumi*; Takahashi, Tomoyuki*; Ota, Masakazu; Kakiuchi, Hideki*; Sugihara, Shinji*; Hirao, Shigekazu*; Momoshima, Noriyuki*; Tamari, Toshiya*; Shima, Nagayoshi*; et al.

Plasma and Fusion Research (Internet), 16, p.2405035_1 - 2405035_5, 2021/02

Removal of impurities such as organic and other types of dissolved matters from environmental water samples is required for precise analysis of tritium with a liquid scintillation counting method. In general, a distillation method is a conventional one for tritium analysis in environmental water samples, but is a time-consuming process that takes 24 hours for removal of impurities. We have proposed a rapid pretreatment method for tritium analysis, that uses ion exchange resins. In this study, we performed batch experiments, to evaluate the effectiveness of the ion exchange resins on the tritium measurement. The results obtained demonstrated that removal of impurities in the sample water by ion exchange resins can be achieved during a short period of time (i.e., in 5 min).

Journal Articles

Preliminary investigation of pretreatment methods for liquid scintillation measurements of environmental water samples using ion exchange resins

Nakasone, Shunya*; Yokoyama, Sumi*; Takahashi, Tomoyuki*; Ota, Masakazu; Kakiuchi, Hideki*; Sugihara, Shinji*; Hirao, Shigekazu*; Momoshima, Noriyuki*; Tamari, Toshiya*; Shima, Nagayoshi*; et al.

Plasma and Fusion Research (Internet), 15, p.2405027_1 - 2405027_3, 2020/05

A quick preprocessing system for tritium analysis of environmental samples is important to judge environmental influence of tritium releases due to accident or tritium-handling facilities. Analysis of tritium in water samples with liquid scintillation counting method requires removal of impurities such as organic matter and ion species from water samples. Generally, a distillation method is adopted as a pretreatment of analysis for tritium; however, the distillation method is a time-consuming process. The aim of this study is to evaluate a rapid pretreatment method for tritium analysis with ion exchange resin. From batch and column experiments that used inland water and ion exchange resin, we confirmed removals of impurities of the water sample and that the removal of impurities was possible for a short time (by 5 minutes).

Journal Articles

Development of field estimation technique and improvement of environmental tritium behavior model

Yokoyama, Sumi*; Takahashi, Tomoyuki*; Ota, Masakazu; Kakiuchi, Hideki*; Sugihara, Shinji*; Hirao, Shigekazu*; Momoshima, Noriyuki*; Tamari, Toshiya*; Shima, Nagayoshi*; Atarashi-Andoh, Mariko; et al.

Plasma and Fusion Research (Internet), 14(Sp.2), p.3405099_1 - 3405099_4, 2019/06

The Large Helical Device of the National Institute for Fusion Science started D-D experiments in 2017. To ensure the safety of the facility, it is important to develop evaluation methods for environmental tritium transfer. Tritiated water (HTO) in atmosphere and soil is transferred to plants, and organically bound tritium (OBT) is formed by photosynthesis. Prediction of OBT formation is important, because OBT accumulates in plants and causes dose through ingestion. The objective of this study is to estimate environmental tritium transfer using a simple compartment model and practical parameters. We proposed a simple compartment model consisting of air-soil-plant components, and tried to validate the model by comparison with a sophisticated model, SOLVEG. In this study, we plan to add wet deposition to the model and obtain parameters from measurements of soil permeability and tritium concentrations in air, soil and plants. We also establish rapid pretreatment methods for OBT analysis.

Journal Articles

Behavior of environmental tritium at NIFS Toki Site of Japan

Sugihara, Shinji*; Tanaka, Masahiro*; Tamari, Toshiya*; Shimada, Jun*; Takahashi, Tomoyuki*; Momoshima, Noriyuki*; Fukutani, Satoshi*; Atarashi-Andoh, Mariko; Sakuma, Yoichi*; Yokoyama, Sumi*; et al.

Fusion Science and Technology, 60(4), p.1300 - 1303, 2011/11

 Times Cited Count:2 Percentile:17.88(Nuclear Science & Technology)

The purpose of this study is to develop the technique to evaluate the environmental tritium behavior of the nuclear facility origin. Tritium concentrations of river water, precipitation and ground water around the NIFS site were determined by low background liquid scintillation measurement system combined with the electrolysis using solid polymer electrolyte. The electric conductivity and flow rate of the river and isotopic ratio of oxygen and hydrogen of water samples were also measured. The tritium concentrations in precipitation showed the seasonal variation and the range were 0.09-0.78 Bq/L. The tritium concentrations of river water and ground water were almost constant, 0.34 and 0.24 Bq/L respectively. The simple dynamic model for the site around the NIFS facilities was developed using measured data, and the behavior of tritium was simulated.

Journal Articles

The Way to know analysis and accountancy methods for extremely low or high level tritium

Momoshima, Noriyuki*; Hayashi, Takumi

Purazuma, Kaku Yugo Gakkai-Shi, 85(1), p.36 - 40, 2009/01

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Origin and chemical speciation of anthropogenic Iodine-129

Shima, Shigeki*; Gasa, Shinichi*; Amano, Hikaru; Nagao, Seiya*; Yamamoto, Masayoshi*; Momoshima, Noriyuki*; Furukawa, Masahide*; Kimura, Hideki*; Kawamura, Hisao*

JAEA-Conf 2008-003, p.28 - 31, 2008/04

Concentrations of $$^{129}$$I in surface seawater around Japan were approximately 2$$times$$10$$^{7}$$atoms/L in literatures. However, the atomic ratio of iodine to cesium was ten times as high as that of the global fallout. The origin of $$^{129}$$I in the water columns seems to be difficult to be explained by only the global fallout. Discharge from European plants was one of the possible origins of iodine from the standpoint of air mass trajectory analysis. Concentration of $$^{129}$$I in rain water was 10 times higher than that in surface seawater. Anthropogenic inorganic iodine in surface seawater predominantly dissolves as an iodide ion (I$$^{-}$$).

Journal Articles

Analysis methods of inorganic C-14 in air and river water using an AMS

Amano, Hikaru; Yamamichi, Miwako*; Baba, Masami*; Momoshima, Noriyuki*; Sugihara, Shinji*; Ueda, Yusuke*; Nakamura, Yasuhiro*

JAEA-Conf 2008-003, p.84 - 87, 2008/04

no abstracts in English

Oral presentation

Improvement of environmental tritium behavior model; Calculation of OBT concentration in plants using the MOGRA code

Yokoyama, Sumi*; Takahashi, Tomoyuki*; Ota, Masakazu; Kakiuchi, Hideki*; Sugihara, Shinji*; Hirao, Shigekazu*; Momoshima, Noriyuki*; Tamari, Toshiya*; Shima, Nagayoshi*; Atarashi-Andoh, Mariko; et al.

no journal, , 

To ensure safety of fusion facilities, it is important to develop evaluation methods for tritium transfer in the environment. For estimation of tritium transfer in the terrestrial environment, we had developed a simple compartment model using the Migration Of GRound Additions (MOGRA) code. The model was composed by an air-soil-plant system. The target source terms were HT and HTO in the air. In addition, wet deposition was modeled by input of HTO to the system by rainfall. Tritium in the plant was divided into free water tritium (FWT) and organically bound tritium (OBT). The tritium concentration in the environmental medium was trial calculated for chronic and accidental HTO releases to the atmosphere, as preliminary calculation run of the model.

Oral presentation

Survey of contamination of radionuclide released from the Fukushima DNPP accident; Construction of database

Kokubu, Yoko; Momoshima, Noriyuki*; Hirose, Katsumi*; Tagami, Keiko*; Takamiya, Koichi*

no journal, , 

Just after an accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP), data of radionuclides released from the FDNPP were measured for environmental samples by some researchers at individual research institute and university. However a comprehensive database including these data is not constructed now. Working group of the Japan Society of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences decided to construct a comprehensive database of data of the radionuclides in environmental samples. This database contains data such as sampling location, sampling method, sampling times, type of measurement system, concentrations of the radionuclides and others in the publications/reports and unpublished issues. Researchers input the data in a dedicated Excel sheet. The working group verifies and registers the data in the database, and then summarizes them in a scientific report.

Oral presentation

Development of a new sampler for tritium measurement in the infiltrated soil water

Kakiuchi, Hideki*; Tanaka, Masahiro*; Fukutani, Satoshi*; Sugihara, Shinji*; Hirao, Shigekazu*; Momoshima, Noriyuki*; Tamari, Toshiya*; Shima, Nagayoshi*; Atarashi-Andoh, Mariko; Furukawa, Masahide*; et al.

no journal, , 

no abstracts in English

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