Improved safety approach for general safety designs of the next generation sodium-cooled fast reactor systems

Okano, Yasushi; Yamano, Hidemasa; Fujita, Satoshi; Kubo, Shigenobu; Sakai, Takaaki; Nakai, Ryodai

Proceedings of 8th Japan-Korea Symposium on Nuclear Thermal Hydraulics and Safety (NTHAS-8) (USB Flash Drive), 9 Pages, 2012/12

General safety approaches are developed for next generation SFR based on the fundamental safety characteristics with incorporating lessons learned from the TEPCO's Fukushima Daiichi accidents. The fundamental characteristics are: reactivity, coolant pressure, sub-cool margin, ultimate heat sink, and sodium properties. These points are considered to derive general safety approach related to fundamental function. The key is to apply passive safety for prevention/mitigation of severe accident in design extension condition (DEC) with balancing active safety systems - passive mechanism should be built-in design for reactor shutdown and decay heat removal especially for DEC in order to enhance diversity to the engineered safety systems utilized for design basis accident. For containment integrity, the potentials of pressure/temperature increases via sodium leak and of significant mechanical energy release by re-criticality in the course of the CDA should be eliminated.

The Analysis of boron micro-distribution in 9L gliosarmoma cells and HUVEC cells using PIXE and PIGE

Endo, Kiyoshi*; Shibata, Yasushi*; Yamamoto, Tetsuya*; Nakai, Kei*; Matsumura, Akira*; Sato, Takahiro; Yokoyama, Akihito; Koka, Masashi; Okubo, Takeru; Yamazaki, Akiyoshi; et al.

JAEA-Review 2011-043, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2010, P. 86, 2012/01

https://doi.org/10.11484/jaea-review-2011-043

Safety principles and safety approaches for next generation sodium-cooled fast reactor

Okano, Yasushi; Sakai, Takaaki; Nakai, Ryodai

Proceedings of 2011 International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP '11) (CD-ROM), p.719 - 727, 2011/05

http://www.icapp.ans.org/icapp11/program/abstracts/11037.pdf

Measured and simulated transport of 1.9 MeV laser-accelerated proton bunches through an integrated test beam line at 1 Hz

Nishiuchi, Mamiko; Sakaki, Hironao; Hori, Toshihiko; Bolton, P.; Ogura, Koichi; Sagisaka, Akito; Yogo, Akifumi; Mori, Michiaki; Orimo, Satoshi; Pirozhkov, A. S.; et al.

Physical Review Special Topics; Accelerators and Beams, 13(7), p.071304_1 - 071304_7, 2010/07

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.13.071304

A laser-driven repetition-rated 1.9 MeV proton beam line composed of permanent quadrupole magnets (PMQs), a radio frequency (rf) phase rotation cavity, and a tunable monochromator is developed to evaluate and to test the simulation of laser-accelerated proton beam transport through an integrated system for the first time. In addition, the proton spectral modulation and focusing behavior of the rf phase rotationcavity device is monitored with input from a PMQ triplet. In the 1.9 MeV region we observe very weakproton defocusing by the phase rotation cavity. The final transmitted bunch duration and transverse profile are well predicted by the PARMILA particle transport code. The transmitted proton beam duration of 6 ns corresponds to an energy spread near 5% for which the transport efficiency is simulated to be 10%. The predictive capability of PARMILA suggests that it can be useful in the design of future higher energy transport beam lines as part of an integrated laser-driven ion accelerator system.

Focusing and spectral enhancement of a repetition-rated, laser-driven, divergent multi-MeV proton beam using permanent quadrupole magnets

Nishiuchi, Mamiko; Daito, Izuru; Ikegami, Masahiro; Daido, Hiroyuki; Mori, Michiaki; Orimo, Satoshi; Ogura, Koichi; Sagisaka, Akito; Yogo, Akifumi; Pirozhkov, A. S.; et al.

Applied Physics Letters, 94(6), p.061107_1 - 061107_3, 2009/02

https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3078291

A pair of conventional permanent magnet quadrupoles is used to focus a 2.4 MeV laser-driven proton beam at a 1 Hz repetition rate. The magnetic field strengths are 55 T/m and 60 T/m for the first and second quadrupoles respectively. The proton beam is focused to a spot size (full width at half maximum) of 2.78 mm at a distance of 650 mm from the source. This result is in good agreement with a Monte Carlo particle trajectory simulation.

Estimation methods of blood boron concentration and error evaluation during boron neutron capture therapy for malignant brain tumor

Shibata, Yasushi*; Yamamoto, Kazuyoshi; Matsumura, Akira*; Yamamoto, Tetsuya*; Hori, Naohiko; Kishi, Toshiaki; Kumada, Hiroaki; Akutsu, Hiroyoshi*; Yasuda, Susumu*; Nakai, Kei*; et al.

JAERI-Research 2005-009, 41 Pages, 2005/03

JAERI-Research-2005-009.pdf:1.99MB

The measurement of neutron flux and boron concentration in the blood during medical irradiation is indispensable in order to evaluate the radiation in boron neutron capture therapy. It is, however, difficult to measure the blood boron concentration during neutron irradiation because access to the patient is limited. Therefore we prospectively investigated the predictability of blood boron concentrations using the data obtained at the first craniotomy after infusion of a low dosage of BSH. When the test could not be carried out, the blood boron concentration during irradiation was also predicted by using the 2-compartment model. If the final boron concentration after the end of the infusion is within 95% confidence interval of the prediction, direct prediction from biexponential fit will reduce the error of blood boron concentrations during irradiation to around 6%. If the final boron concentration at 6 or 9 hours after the end of infusion is out of 95% confidence interval of the prediction, proportional adjustment will reduce error and expected error after adjustment to around 12%.

Analysis of intracellular distribution of boron and gadolinium in 9L sarcoma cells using a single-ended accelerator (Micro PIXE)

Endo, Kiyoshi*; Shibata, Yasushi*; Yoshida, Fumiyo*; Nakai, Kei*; Yamamoto, Tetsuya*; Matsumura, Akira*; Ishii, Keizo*; Sakai, Takuro; Sato, Takahiro; Oikawa, Masakazu*; et al.

Proceedings of 11th World Congress on Neutron Capture Therapy (ISNCT-11) (CD-ROM), 2 Pages, 2004/10

Micro PIXE, which is installed in a single end accelerator in JAERI, was used for quantitative analysis of boron and gadolinium distribution in a cell level. The micro beam of 1 m diameter is possible to observe the distribution. In the adjustment procedure of the sample, first is a fix of mylar film by using a glass ring and a bite ring of 2cm diameter. Next the 9L cells were scattered on the washed film, and is cultivated on 37C in medium until they form the mono-layer. After the Gd-BOPTA was added, it incubates for the 24-72 hour on 37C. The film is washed in the THAM liquid, and is directly put on liquid nitrogen. A vacuum drying for 24 hours is conducted in order to fix a film on holder. It is important to uniformly fix the cell in distribution analysis in the cell using Micro PIXE. In recent result, it became possible that the distribution of P, S, Gd, etc. was analyzed. But we could not distinguish whether K and Gd exist in the cell or whether it exists around the cell. It was indicated that these elements was leaked by the reason of cell breaking or other on the cytoplasm.

Intraoperative boron neutron capture therapy using thermal/epithermal mixed beam

Matsumura, Akira*; Yamamoto, Tetsuya*; Shibata, Yasushi*; Nakai, Kei*; Zhang, T.*; Matsushita, Akira*; Takano, Shingo*; Endo, Kiyoshi*; Akutsu, Hiroyoshi*; Yamamoto, Kazuyoshi; et al.

Research and Development in Neutron Capture Therapy, p.1073 - 1078, 2002/09

Since 1998 to 2002, a new clinical trial of an intraoperative boron neutron capture therapy (IOBNCT) at JRR-4 of Japan Atomic Energy Institute (JAERI) using BSH with mixed thermal/epithermal neutron beam has been accomplished. There have been 9 patients included in this study. The median survival time (MST) in GBM was 19.8 months and 16.8 months in AA. IOBNCT with mixed thermal/epithermal neutron beam provide better primary radiation effect than conventional therapy in selected cases. Our phase I/II clinical trial was effective in local tumor control. Further clinical trial with new design should be performed to prove the efficacy of IOBNCT.

Phase I/II clinical trial of boron neutron capture therapy using mixed thermal/epithermal neutron beam

Matsumura, Akira*; Yamamoto, Tetsuya*; Shibata, Yasushi*; Nakai, Kei*; Zhang, T.*; Akutsu, Hiroyoshi*; Matsushita, Akira*; Yasuda, Susumu*; Takano, Shingo*; Nose, Tadao*; et al.

Posuto Shikuensu Jidai Ni Okeru Noshuyo No Kenkyu To Chiryo, p.427 - 435, 2002/07

no abstracts in English

2-D thermal neutron distribution for intraoperative boron neutron capture therapy (IOBNCT)

Nakai, K.*; Yamamoto, Tetsuya*; Matsumura, Akira*; Shibata, Yasushi*; Nose, Tadao*; Yamamoto, Kazuyoshi; Kumada, Hiroaki; Hori, Naohiko; Torii, Yoshiya

Proceedings of 9th International Symposium on Neutron Capture Therapy for Cancer, p.271 - 272, 2000/10

no abstracts in English