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Fukaya, Yuji; Okita, Shoichiro; Kanda, Shun*; Goto, Masaki*; Nakajima, Kunihiro*; Sakon, Atsushi*; Sano, Tadafumi*; Hashimoto, Kengo*; Takahashi, Yoshiyuki*; Unesaki, Hironobu*
KURNS Progress Report 2021, P. 101, 2022/07
The Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) started the Research and Development (R&D) to improve nuclear prediction techniques for High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactors (HTGRs) in 2018. The objectives are to intro-duce the generalized bias factor method to avoid full mock-up experiment for the first commercial HTGR and to improve neutron instrumentation system by virtue of the particular characteristics due to a graphite moderation system. For this end, we composed B7/4"G2/8"p8EU(3)+3/8"p38EU in the B-rack of Kyoto University Critical Assembly (KUCA) in 2021.
Sakon, Atsushi*; Hashimoto, Kengo*; Sano, Tadafumi*; Nakajima, Kunihiro*; Kanda, Shun*; Goto, Masaki*; Fukaya, Yuji; Okita, Shoichiro; Fujimoto, Nozomu*; Takahashi, Yoshiyuki*
KURNS Progress Report 2021, P. 100, 2022/07
The R&D of reactor noise analysis to obtain HTGR nuclear characteristics have been performed with Kyoto University Critical Assembly (KUCA). In the last study, a neutron detector located about 55 cm away of fuel assembly measured the auto power spectral density. However, the prompt neutron decay constants obtained by this detector was different from that of other detectors. The objective of this study is experimental study of reactor noise analysis by the power spectrum method using neutron detector placed outside reactor core.
Fukaya, Yuji; Goto, Minoru; Nakagawa, Shigeaki; Nakajima, Kunihiro*; Takahashi, Kazuki*; Sakon, Atsushi*; Sano, Tadafumi*; Hashimoto, Kengo*
EPJ Web of Conferences, 247, p.09017_1 - 09017_8, 2021/02
The Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) started the Research and Development (R&D) to improve nuclear prediction techniques for High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactors (HTGRs). The objectives are to introduce a generalized bias factor method to avoid full mock-up experiment for the first commercial HTGR and to introduce reactor noise analysis to High Temperature Engineering Test Reactor (HTTR) experiment to observe subcriticality. To achieve the objectives, the reactor core of graphite-moderation system named B7/4"G2/8"p8EUNU+3/8"p38EU(1) was newly composed in the B-rack of Kyoto University Critical Assembly (KUCA). The core is composed of the fuel assembly, driver fuel assembly, graphite reflector, and polyethylene reflector. The fuel assembly is composed of enriched uranium plate, natural uranium plate and graphite plates to realize the average fuel enrichment of HTTR and it's spectrum. However, driver fuel assembly is necessary to achieve the criticality with the small-sized core. The core plays a role of the reference core of the bias factor method, and the reactor noise was measured to develop the noise analysis scheme. In this study, the overview of the criticality experiments is reported. The reactor configuration with graphite moderation system is rare case in the KUCA experiments, and this experiment is expected to contribute not only for an HTGR development but also for other types of a reactor in the graphite moderation system such as a molten salt reactor development.
Sakon, Atsushi*; Nakajima, Kunihiro*; Takahashi, Kazuki*; Hohara, Shinya*; Sano, Tadafumi*; Fukaya, Yuji; Hashimoto, Kengo*
EPJ Web of Conferences, 247, p.09009_1 - 09009_8, 2021/02
In graphite-reflected thermal reactors, even a detector placed far from fuel region may detect a certain degree of the correlation amplitude. This is because mean free path of neutrons in graphite is longer than that in water or polyethylene. The objective of this study is experimentally to confirm a high flexibility of neutron detector placement in graphite reflector for reactor noise analysis. The present reactor noise analysis was carried out in a graphite-moderated and -reflected thermal core in Kyoto University Critical Assembly (KUCA). BF
proportional neutron counters (1" dia.) were placed in graphite reflector region, where the counters were separated by about 35cm and 30cm -thick graphite from the core, respectively. At a critical state and subcritical states, time-sequence signal data from these counters were acquired and analyzed by a fast Fourier transform (FFT) analyzer, to obtain power spectral density in frequency domain. The auto-power spectral density obtained from the counters far from the core contained a significant degree of correlated component. A least-squares fit of a familiar formula to the auto-power spectral density data was made to determine the prompt-neutron decay constant. The decay constant was 63.3
14.5 [1/s] in critical state. The decay constant determined from the cross-power spectral density and coherence function data between the two counters also had a consistent value. It is confirmed that reactor noise analysis is possible using a detector placed at about 35cm far from the core, as we expected.
Fukaya, Yuji; Goto, Minoru; Nakagawa, Shigeaki; Nakajima, Kunihiro*; Takahashi, Kazuki*; Sakon, Atsushi*; Sano, Tadafumi*; Hashimoto, Kengo*
Proceedings of International Conference on the Physics of Reactors; Transition To A Scalable Nuclear Future (PHYSOR 2020) (USB Flash Drive), 8 Pages, 2020/03
The Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) started the Research and Development (R&D) to improve nuclear prediction techniques for High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactors (HTGRs). The objectives are to introduce a generalized bias factor method to avoid full mock-up experiment for the first commercial HTGR and to introduce reactor noise analysis to High Temperature Engineering Test Reactor (HTTR) experiment to observe subcriticality. To achieve the objectives, the reactor core of graphite-moderation system named B7/4"G2/8"p8EUNU+3/8"p38EU(1) was newly composed in the B-rack of Kyoto University Critical Assembly (KUCA). The core is composed of the fuel assembly, driver fuel assembly, graphite reflector, and polyethylene reflector. The fuel assembly is composed of enriched uranium plate, natural uranium plate and graphite plates to realize the average fuel enrichment of HTTR and it's spectrum. However, driver fuel assembly is necessary to achieve the criticality with the small-sized core. The core plays a role of the reference core of the bias factor method, and the reactor noise was measured to develop the noise analysis scheme. In this study, the overview of the criticality experiments is reported. The reactor configuration with graphite moderation system is rare case in the KUCA experiments, and this experiment is expected to contribute not only for an HTGR development but also for other types of a reactor in the graphite moderation system such as a molten salt reactor development.
Sn conductors for ITER toroidal field coils in JapanTakahashi, Yoshikazu; Nabara, Yoshihiro; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Isono, Takaaki; Hamada, Kazuya; Matsui, Kunihiro; Kawano, Katsumi; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Oshikiri, Masayuki; et al.
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 23(3), p.4801504_1 - 4801504_4, 2013/06
Times Cited Count：11 Percentile：50.58(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) is the first to start the mass production of the TF conductors in March 2010 among the 6 parties who are procuring TF conductors in the ITER project. The height and width of the TF coils are 14 m and 9 m, respectively. The conductor is cable-in-conduit conductor (CICC) with a central spiral. A circular multistage superconducting cable is inserted into a circular stainless steel jacket with a thickness of 2 mm. A total of 900 NbSn strands and 522 copper strands are cabled around the central spiral and the cable is inserted into a round-in-round stainless steel jacket. It was observed that the cabling pitch of the destructive sample is longer than the original pitch at cabling. The JAEA carried out the tensile tests of the cable and the measurement of the cable rotation during the insertion to investigate the cause of the elongation. The cause of elongation was clarified and the results will be described in this paper.
Sn conductors for ITER central solenoidsNabara, Yoshihiro; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Kajitani, Hideki; Ozeki, Hidemasa; Iguchi, Masahide; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Isono, Takaaki; Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Matsui, Kunihiro; Koizumi, Norikiyo; et al.
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 23(3), p.4801604_1 - 4801604_4, 2013/06
Times Cited Count：10 Percentile：48(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)no abstracts in English
Nakajima, Hideo; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Iguchi, Masahide; Nabara, Yoshihiro; Matsui, Kunihiro; Chida, Yutaka; Kajitani, Hideki; Takano, Katsutoshi; Isono, Takaaki; Koizumi, Norikiyo; et al.
Proceedings of 24th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference (FEC 2012) (CD-ROM), 8 Pages, 2013/03
The ITER organization and 6 Domestic Agencies (DA) have been implementing the construction of ITER superconducting magnet systems. Four DAs have already started full scale construction of Toroidal Field (TF) coil conductors. The qualification of the radial plate manufacture has been completed, and JA and EU are ready for full scale construction. JA has qualified full manufacturing processes of the winding pack with a 1/3 prototype and made 2 full scale mock-ups of the basic segments of TF coil structure to optimize and industrialize the manufacturing process. Preparation and qualification of the full scale construction of the TF coil winding is underway by EU. Procurement of the manufacturing equipment is near completion and qualification of manufacturing processes has already started. The constructions of other components of the ITER magnet systems are also going well towards the main goal of the first plasma in 2020.
Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Nabara, Yoshihiro; Matsui, Kunihiro; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Isono, Takaaki; Hamada, Kazuya; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Nakajima, Hideo
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 22(3), p.4803804_1 - 4803804_4, 2012/06
Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)no abstracts in English
Sn conductors for ITER toroidal field coils in JapanTakahashi, Yoshikazu; Isono, Takaaki; Hamada, Kazuya; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Nabara, Yoshihiro; Matsui, Kunihiro; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Kawano, Katsumi; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Oshikiri, Masayuki; et al.
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 22(3), p.4801904_1 - 4801904_4, 2012/06
Times Cited Count：7 Percentile：41.4(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)Japan Atomic Energy Agency is the first to start the mass production of the TF conductors in Phase IV in March 2010 among the 6 parties who are procuring TF conductors in the ITER project. The conductor is cable-in-conduit conductor with a central spiral. A total of 900 NbSn strands and 522 copper strands are cabled around the central spiral and then wrapped with stainless steel tape whose thickness is 0.1 mm. Approximately 60 tons of NbSn strands were manufactured by the two suppliers in December 2010. This amount corresponds to approximately 55% of the total contribution from Japan. Approximately 30% of the total contribution from Japan was completed as of February 2011. JAEA is manufacturing one conductor per month under a contract with two Japanese companies for strands, one company for cabling and one company for jacketing. This paper summarizes the technical developments including a high-level quality assurance. This progress is a significant step in the construction of the ITER machine.
Hemmi, Tsutomu; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Nabara, Yoshihiro; Yoshikawa, Masatoshi*; Matsui, Kunihiro; Kajitani, Hideki; Hamada, Kazuya; Isono, Takaaki; Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Koizumi, Norikiyo; et al.
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 22(3), p.4803305_1 - 4803305_5, 2012/06
Times Cited Count：45 Percentile：85.83(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)To characterize the performance of the CS conductor, a CS conductor sample was tested in the SULTAN facility at CRPP. As a result of the cyclic test up to 1000 cycles, measured Tcs was in good agreement with the expected Tcs, which is calculated by the characteristics of the NbSn strands and the designed strain. However, continuous degradation of Tcs was observed after 1000 cycles. The degradation of Tcs was around 0.6 K from 1000 cycles to 6000 cycles. On the other hand, the degradation of Tcs by cyclic operation is nearly 0.1 K from 1000 cycles to 10,000 cycles in the CS Insert test at JAEA in 2000. To investigate the causes for the degradation of Tcs, the following items are performed; (1) strain measurement by neutron diffraction, (2) strain measurement by sample cuttings, (3) strand position observation, (4) visual inspection on strands, (5) filament breakage observation, (6) modeling and calculation of the degradation. Detailed results will be presented and discussed.
Matsui, Kunihiro; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Takano, Katsutoshi; Nakajima, Hideo; Kimura, Satoshi*; Iijima, Ami*; Sakai, Masahiro*; Osemochi, Koichi*; Shimada, Mamoru*
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 22(3), p.4203005_1 - 4203005_5, 2012/06
Times Cited Count：6 Percentile：37.82(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)JAEA is responsible for the procurement of 9 toroidal field (TF) coils as Japanese Domestic Agency. JAEA had started several trials to successfully develop technologies for the TF coil manufacture since March 2009, and performed one-third scale trials aiming at qualifying and optimizing the procedures of the TF coil fabrication. The fabricated double pancakes (DPs) were successfully put into the profile with tolerances from zero to 1.5 mm. These tolerances correspond to 0.06% accuracy in the conductor length. The geometry of the DP was changed after heat treatment. Heat treatment procedure to avoid such deformation should be developed or the change of winding geometry should be taken into account in the fabrication of the TF coils. The one-third scale DP was successfully impregnated. Although exothermal reaction is given to take place during curing in the blended resin, we successfully cured the one-third scale DP.
Sn conductors for ITER toroidal field coilsNabara, Yoshihiro; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Isono, Takaaki; Hamada, Kazuya; Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Matsui, Kunihiro; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Kawano, Katsumi; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Ebisawa, Noboru; et al.
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 22(3), p.4804804_1 - 4804804_4, 2012/06
Times Cited Count：18 Percentile：65.46(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)no abstracts in English
Koizumi, Norikiyo; Matsui, Kunihiro; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Takano, Katsutoshi; Chida, Yutaka; Iguchi, Masahide; Nakajima, Hideo; Shimada, Mamoru*; Osemochi, Koichi*; Makino, Yoshinobu*; et al.
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 22(3), p.4200404_1 - 4200404_4, 2012/06
Times Cited Count：9 Percentile：47.58(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)JAEA started sub- and full-scale trials to qualify and optimize manufacturing procedure of ITER TF coil from March, 2009. As major outcome of these trials, automatic winding system with accuracy in conductor length measurement of 0.01% has been established and the elongation of the conductor length due to heat treatment was measured to be 0.06%. To confirm validity of these outcomes, the authors carried out winding of a one-third scale dummy double pancake (DP), followed by its insulation and impregnation trial, and, in addition, heat treatment of one-third scale DP with real a TF conductor. The details about these trials are described in the other paper. The authors also performed trial manufacture of full scale RP and CPs for dummy double pancake, which will be made in near future. The full scale RP is manufactured by machining 10 segments in parallel to shorten machining duration and joining each segment by welding. In our trial manufacture of the full scale RP, hot-rolled SS316LN plates are machined to a final dimension, namely without additional material, and these segments are laser-welded. From these trials, manufacturing procedure of a thick hot-roll SS316LN plate is qualified and machining procedure is established, while more optimization may be necessary to achieve the required schedule and cost.
Koizumi, Norikiyo; Matsui, Kunihiro; Shimizu, Tatsuya; Nakajima, Hideo; Iijima, Ami*; Makino, Yoshinobu*
Teion Kogaku, 47(3), p.186 - 192, 2012/03
In the ITER TF coil, cover plates (CP) are welded to teeth of a radial plate (RP) to fix a conductor in the groove of the RP. Though total length of welds is approximately 1.5 km and height and width of an RP are 14 m and 9 m, respectively, the welding deformation better than 1 mm in local distortion and several milli-meters in in-plane deformation is required. Therefore, laser welding is used for the CP welding to reduce welding deformation as possible. However, a gap of a welding joint is expected to be 0.5 mm at the maximum. Therefore, at first, the laser welding technique to enable welding on the gap of 0.5 mm width is developed in this study. Using this technology, CP welding trial using an RP mock was successfully performed. The achieved flatness is 0.6 mm. In addition, the welding deformation of a full-scale RP is estimated by the analysis using the inherent strain. The results show that the flatness of 1 mm is achievable and profile of 5 mm can be achieved. Since the in-plane deformation can be corrected by welding somewhere to originate artificial welding deformation, it is confident that the required tolerance of several milli-meters in in-plan profile is achievable.
Matsui, Kunihiro; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Nakajima, Hideo; Kimura, Satoshi*; Shimada, Mamoru*
Teion Kogaku, 47(3), p.160 - 165, 2012/03
no abstracts in English
Matsui, Kunihiro; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Nakajima, Hideo; Kimura, Satoshi*; Nakamoto, Kazunari*
Teion Kogaku, 47(3), p.166 - 171, 2012/03
no abstracts in English
Hemmi, Tsutomu; Matsui, Kunihiro; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Nakajima, Hideo; Iijima, Ami*; Sakai, Masahiro*
Teion Kogaku, 47(3), p.172 - 177, 2012/03
The manufacturing process for the ITER Toroidal Field (TF) coil has to be demonstrated for the qualification. Since the impregnation of its insulation system is one of the qualifications, the authors performed impregnation test using cyanate-ester and epoxy blended resin, which is a candidate among resins because of its excellent resistance to radiation. To establish the insulation and impregnation procedure of the TF coil manufacturing, three types of trials were performed. (1) Impregnation tests using an acrylic model to fix the impregnation conditions; (2) Impregnation test using a metallic model to confirm that no void remains in the insulation layer after the curing in the D-shaped configuration; and (3) Insulation and impregnation trials using 1/3 scale double pancake (DP) to establish the insulation and impregnation procedure for the TF coil manufacturing, The procedure of the insulation and impregnation for the ITER TF coil was established from the results of these trials.
Sn cables for ITER toroidal field coilsIsono, Takaaki; Tsutsumi, Fumiaki; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Matsui, Kunihiro; Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Nakajima, Hideo; Ishibashi, Tatsuji*; Sato, Go*; Chida, Keiji*; Suzuki, Rikio*; et al.
Teion Kogaku, 47(3), p.147 - 152, 2012/03
no abstracts in English
Sn conductors for ITER toroidal field coils in JapanTakahashi, Yoshikazu; Isono, Takaaki; Hamada, Kazuya; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Nabara, Yoshihiro; Matsui, Kunihiro; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Kawano, Katsumi; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Oshikiri, Masayuki; et al.
Nuclear Fusion, 51(11), p.113015_1 - 113015_11, 2011/11
Times Cited Count：12 Percentile：46.81(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)Japan Atomic Energy Agency is procuring the NbSn superconductors for Toroidal Field (TF) Coils under the ITER project. Because manufacturing amount of NbSn strands is quite large compared with the past experience and required superconducting performance is higher than that of the model coils which have been fabricated and tested in the ITER-EDA, quality control technique is very important for the manufacture of the strands. Sophisticated control technique is also required for the jacketing, in order to fabricate the conductors with the precise outer diameter and without leakage at welding part. This paper summarizes the technical developments leading to the first successful mass production of ITER TF conductors.
