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Journal Articles

Correlations for the specific heat capacity of (U$$_x$$Pu$$_{1-x}$$)$$_{1-y}$$Gd$$_y$$O$$_{2-z}$$ derived from molecular dynamics

Galvin, C. O. T.*; Machida, Masahiko; Nakamura, Hiroki; Andersson, D. A.*; Cooper, M. W. D.*

Journal of Nuclear Materials, 572, p.154028_1 - 154028_8, 2022/12

UO$$_2$$ is the primary conventional fuel used in most nuclear reactors with Gd$$_2$$O$$_3$$ commonly added as a burnable absorber to produce a more level power distribution in the reactor core at the beginning of operation. It can also be mixed with other actinide oxides to produce mixed oxide (MOx) fuel. In this study, molecular dynamics simulations were used to predict the specific heat capacity of Gd-doped PuO$$_2$$, UO$$_2$$ and (U,Pu)O$$_2$$ MOx accommodating Gd$$^{3+}$$ substituted at cation sites via two charge compensation mechanisms - oxygen vacancy formation and the oxidation of U$$^{4+}$$ to U$$^{5+}$$. The specific heat capacity values for PuO$$_2$$ and UO$$_2$$ are in good agreement with other studies showing a distinct peak at high temperatures - above 1800 K. As Gd$$^{3+}$$ is added, the peak height reduces for each composition considered. An analytical fit was applied to the data where Gd$$^{3+}$$ was fully charge compensated by either oxygen vacancies or U$$^{5+}$$. The expression was then validated by predicting the specific heat capacity for three compositions of (U$$_x$$Pu$$_{1-x}$$)$$_{1-y}$$Gd$$_y$$O$$_{2-z}$$ containing both oxygen vacancies and U$$^{5+}$$, and compared to molecular dynamics data.

Journal Articles

"Southwestern" boundary of the $$N = 40$$ island of inversion; First study of low-lying bound excited states in $$^{59}$$V and $$^{61}$$V

Elekes, Z.*; Juh$'a$sz, M. M.*; Sohler, D.*; Sieja, K.*; Yoshida, Kazuki; Ogata, Kazuyuki*; Doornenbal, P.*; Obertelli, A.*; Achouri, N. L.*; Baba, Hidetada*; et al.

Physical Review C, 106(6), p.064321_1 - 064321_10, 2022/12

 Times Cited Count:0

The low-lying level structure of $$^{59}$$V and $$^{61}$$V was investigated for the first time. The neutron knockout reaction and inelastic proton scattering were applied for $$^{61}$$V while the neutron knock-out reaction provided the data for $$^{59}$$V. Four and five new transitions were determined for $$^{59}$$V and $$^{61}$$V, respectively. Based on the comparison to our shell-model calculations using the Lenzi-Nowacki-Poves-Sieja (LNPS) interaction, three of the observed $$gamma$$ rays for each isotope could be placed in the level scheme and assigned to the decay of the first 11/2$$^{-}$$ and 9/2$$^{-}$$ levels. The ($$p$$,$$p'$$) excitation cross sections for $$^{61}$$V were analyzed by the coupled-channels formalism assuming quadrupole plus hexadecapole deformations. Due to the role of the hexadecapole deformation, $$^{61}$$V could not be unambiguously placed on the island of inversion.

Journal Articles

Extended $$p_{3/2}$$ neutron orbital and the $$N = 32$$ shell closure in $$^{52}$$Ca

Enciu, M.*; Liu, H. N.*; Obertelli, A.*; Doornenbal, P.*; Nowacki, F.*; Ogata, Kazuyuki*; Poves, A.*; Yoshida, Kazuki; Achouri, N. L.*; Baba, Hidetada*; et al.

Physical Review Letters, 129(26), p.262501_1 - 262501_7, 2022/12

 Times Cited Count:0 Percentile:0(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

The one-neutron knockout from $$^{52}$$Ca was performed at $$sim$$230 MeV/nucleon combined with prompt $$gamma$$ spectroscopy. The momentum distributions corresponding to the removal of $$1f_{7/2}$$ and $$2p_{3/2}$$ neutrons were measured. The cross sections are consistent with a shell closure at the neutron number $$N = 32$$, found as strong as at $$N = 28$$ and $$N = 34$$ in Ca isotopes from the same observables. The analysis of the momentum distributions leads to a difference of the root-mean-square radii of the neutron $$1_{f7/2}$$ and $$2p_{3/2}$$ orbitals of 0.61(23) fm, in agreement with the modified-shell-model prediction of 0.7 fm suggesting that the large root-mean-square radius of the $$2p_{3/2}$$ orbital in neutron-rich Ca isotopes is responsible for the unexpected linear increase of the charge radius with the neutron number.

Journal Articles

Materials science and fuel technologies of uranium and plutonium mixed oxide

Kato, Masato; Machida, Masahiko; Hirooka, Shun; Nakamichi, Shinya; Ikusawa, Yoshihisa; Nakamura, Hiroki; Kobayashi, Keita; Ozawa, Takayuki; Maeda, Koji; Sasaki, Shinji; et al.

Materials Science and Fuel Technologies of Uranium and Plutonium mixed Oxide, 171 Pages, 2022/10

Innovative and advanced nuclear reactors using plutonium fuel has been developed in each country. In order to develop a new nuclear fuel, irradiation tests are indispensable, and it is necessary to demonstrate the performance and safety of nuclear fuels. If we can develop a technology that accurately simulates irradiation behavior as a technology that complements the irradiation test, the cost, time, and labor involved in nuclear fuel research and development will be greatly reduced. And safety and reliability can be significantly improved through simulation of nuclear fuel irradiation behavior. In order to evaluate the performance of nuclear fuel, it is necessary to know the physical and chemical properties of the fuel at high temperatures. And it is indispensable to develop a behavior model that describes various phenomena that occur during irradiation. In previous research and development, empirical methods with fitting parameters have been used in many parts of model development. However, empirical techniques can give very different results in areas where there is no data. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to construct a scientific descriptive model that can extrapolate the basic characteristics of fuel to the composition and temperature, and to develop an irradiation behavior analysis code to which the model is applied.

Journal Articles

Machine learning molecular dynamics simulations toward exploration of high-temperature properties of nuclear fuel materials; Case study of thorium dioxide

Kobayashi, Keita; Okumura, Masahiko; Nakamura, Hiroki; Itakura, Mitsuhiro; Machida, Masahiko; Cooper, M. W. D.*

Scientific Reports (Internet), 12(1), p.9808_1 - 9808_11, 2022/06

 Times Cited Count:1 Percentile:56.41(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Status of decommissioning for prototype ATR Fugen and FBR Monju

Ito, Kenji; Kondo, Tetsuo; Nakamura, Yasuyuki; Matsuno, Hiroki; Nagaoki, Yoshihiro; Sakuma, Yuichi

Dekomisshoningu Giho, (63), p.1 - 26, 2022/05

The prototype advanced thermal reactor Fugen entered into the decommissioning phases with the approval of the decommissioning plan in February 2008. The prototype fast breeder reactor Monju entered into the decommissioning stage with the approval of the decommissioning plan in March 2018. In April 2018, the head office of Tsuruga decommissioning demonstration was newly established to oversee the decommissioning operations in Tsuruga area, and decommissioning projects for two unique reactors have progressed safely and steadily.

Journal Articles

Drastic change in magnetic anisotropy of UTe$$_2$$ under pressure revealed by $$^{125}$$Te-NMR

Kinjo, Katsuki*; Fujibayashi, Hiroki*; Nakamine, Genki*; Kitagawa, Shunsaku*; Ishida, Kenji*; Tokunaga, Yo; Sakai, Hironori; Kambe, Shinsaku; Nakamura, Ai*; Shimizu, Yusei*; et al.

Physical Review B, 105(14), p.L140502_1 - L140502_5, 2022/04

 Times Cited Count:2 Percentile:78.71(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

Journal Articles

A First glimpse at the shell structure beyond $$^{54}$$Ca; Spectroscopy of $$^{55}$$K, $$^{55}$$Ca, and $$^{57}$$Ca

Koiwai, Takuma*; Wimmer, K.*; Doornenbal, P.*; Obertelli, A.*; Barbieri, C.*; Duguet, T.*; Holt, J. D.*; Miyagi, Takayuki*; Navr$'a$til, P.*; Ogata, Kazuyuki*; et al.

Physics Letters B, 827, p.136953_1 - 136953_7, 2022/04

 Times Cited Count:2 Percentile:67.14(Astronomy & Astrophysics)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Impressions of the 3rd Joint Meeting of Japanese Society of Radiation Safety Management and Japan Health Physics Society

Watanabe, Yuki; Tsuji, Tomoya; Hirota, Seiko*; Hokama, Tomonori; Nakajima, Junya; Tsujiguchi, Takakiyo*; Kimura, Tatsuki*; Koike, Hiromi*; Nakamura, Kaori*; Kuwata, Haruka*; et al.

Hoken Butsuri (Internet), 57(1), p.54 - 64, 2022/03

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Defect equilibria and thermophysical properties of CeO$$_{2-x}$$ based on experimental data and density functional theory calculation result

Watanabe, Masashi; Nakamura, Hiroki; Suzuki, Kiichi; Machida, Masahiko; Kato, Masato

Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 105(3), p.2248 - 2257, 2022/03

 Times Cited Count:0 Percentile:0.01(Materials Science, Ceramics)

Properties of CeO$$_{2}$$ were evaluated by DFT simulation to determine band gap, Frenkel defect formation energy and defect migration energy. Band gap and Frenkel defect formation energy were used to analyze defect equilibria. Oxygen partial pressure dependence of defect equilibria was evaluated based on oxygen potential experimental data and DFT calculation, and a Brouwer diagram was derived. The defect formation energies, including Frenkel defect, electron-hole pair and so on, were determined and used to evaluate the properties, including oxygen diffusion coefficients, electrical conduction, heat capacity and thermal conductivity. Mechanisms of various properties were discussed for a deeper understanding based on defect chemistry, and the relationship among properties were systematically described.

Journal Articles

Pairing forces govern population of doubly magic $$^{54}$$Ca from direct reactions

Browne, F.*; Chen, S.*; Doornenbal, P.*; Obertelli, A.*; Ogata, Kazuyuki*; Utsuno, Yutaka; Yoshida, Kazuki; Achouri, N. L.*; Baba, Hidetada*; Calvet, D.*; et al.

Physical Review Letters, 126(25), p.252501_1 - 252501_7, 2021/06

 Times Cited Count:4 Percentile:45.66(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

Direct proton-knockout reactions of $$^{55}$$Sc were studied at the RIKEN Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory. Populated states of $$^{54}$$Ca were investigated through $$gamma$$-ray and invariant-mass spectroscopy. Level energies were calculated from the nuclear shell model employing a phenomenological inter-nucleon interaction. Theoretical cross sections to states were calculated from distorted-wave impulse approximation estimates multiplied by the shell model spectroscopic factors. Despite the calculations showing a significant amplitude of excited neutron configurations in the ground-state of $$^{55}$$Sc, valence proton removals populated predominantly the ground-state of $$^{54}$$Ca. This counter-intuitive result is attributed to pairing effects leading to a dominance of the ground-state spectroscopic factor. Owing to the ubiquity of the pairing interaction, this argument should be generally applicable to direct knockout reactions from odd-even to even-even nuclei.

Journal Articles

Thermally altered subsurface material of asteroid (162173) Ryugu

Kitazato, Kohei*; Milliken, R. E.*; Iwata, Takahiro*; Abe, Masanao*; Otake, Makiko*; Matsuura, Shuji*; Takagi, Yasuhiko*; Nakamura, Tomoki*; Hiroi, Takahiro*; Matsuoka, Moe*; et al.

Nature Astronomy (Internet), 5(3), p.246 - 250, 2021/03

 Times Cited Count:23 Percentile:96.73(Astronomy & Astrophysics)

Here we report observations of Ryugu's subsurface material by the Near-Infrared Spectrometer (NIRS3) on the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. Reflectance spectra of excavated material exhibit a hydroxyl (OH) absorption feature that is slightly stronger and peak-shifted compared with that observed for the surface, indicating that space weathering and/or radiative heating have caused subtle spectral changes in the uppermost surface. However, the strength and shape of the OH feature still suggests that the subsurface material experienced heating above 300 $$^{circ}$$C, similar to the surface. In contrast, thermophysical modeling indicates that radiative heating does not increase the temperature above 200 $$^{circ}$$C at the estimated excavation depth of 1 m, even if the semimajor axis is reduced to 0.344 au. This supports the hypothesis that primary thermal alteration occurred due to radiogenic and/or impact heating on Ryugu's parent body.

Journal Articles

High-spin states in $$^{35}$$S

Go, Shintaro*; Ideguchi, Eiji*; Yokoyama, Rin*; Aoi, Nori*; Azaiez, F.*; Furutaka, Kazuyoshi; Hatsukawa, Yuichi; Kimura, Atsushi; Kisamori, Keiichi*; Kobayashi, Motoki*; et al.

Physical Review C, 103(3), p.034327_1 - 034327_8, 2021/03

 Times Cited Count:3 Percentile:67.04(Physics, Nuclear)

Journal Articles

First spectroscopic study of $$^{51}$$Ar by the ($$p$$,2$$p$$) reaction

Juh$'a$sz, M. M.*; Elekes, Z.*; Sohler, D.*; Utsuno, Yutaka; Yoshida, Kazuki; Otsuka, Takaharu*; Ogata, Kazuyuki*; Doornenbal, P.*; Obertelli, A.*; Baba, Hidetada*; et al.

Physics Letters B, 814, p.136108_1 - 136108_8, 2021/03

AA2020-0747.pdf:0.83MB

 Times Cited Count:2 Percentile:32.08(Astronomy & Astrophysics)

The nuclear structure of $$^{51}$$Ar was studied by the ($$p$$,2$$p$$) reaction using $$gamma$$-ray spectroscopy for the bound and unbound states. Comparing the results to our shell-model calculations, two bound and six unbound states were established. The low cross sections populating the two bound states of $$^{51}$$Ar could be interpreted as a clear signature for the presence of significant sub-shell closures at neutron numbers 32 and 34 in argon isotopes.

Journal Articles

Machine learning potentials for tobermorite minerals

Kobayashi, Keita; Nakamura, Hiroki; Yamaguchi, Akiko; Itakura, Mitsuhiro; Machida, Masahiko; Okumura, Masahiko

Computational Materials Science, 188, p.110173_1 - 110173_14, 2021/02

 Times Cited Count:10 Percentile:81.92(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

$$N$$ = 32 shell closure below calcium; Low-lying structure of $$^{50}$$Ar

Cort$'e$s, M. L.*; Rodriguez, W.*; Doornenbal, P.*; Obertelli, A.*; Holt, J. D.*; Men$'e$ndez, J.*; Ogata, Kazuyuki*; Schwenk, A.*; Shimizu, Noritaka*; Simonis, J.*; et al.

Physical Review C, 102(6), p.064320_1 - 064320_9, 2020/12

AA2020-0748.pdf:0.75MB

 Times Cited Count:7 Percentile:71.34(Physics, Nuclear)

Low-lying excited states in the $$N$$ = 32 isotope $$^{50}$$Ar were investigated by in-beam $$gamma$$-ray spectroscopy following proton- and neutron-knockout, multinucleon removal, and proton inelastic scattering at the RIKEN Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory. The energies of the two previously reported transitions have been confirmed, and five additional states are presented for the first time, including a candidate for a 3$$^{-}$$ state. The level scheme built using $$gamma$$ $$gamma$$ coincidences was compared to shell-model calculations in the $$sd-pf$$ model space and to ${it ab initio}$ predictions based on chiral two- and three-nucleon interactions. Theoretical proton- and neutron-knockout cross sections suggest that two of the new transitions correspond to 2$$^{+}$$ states, while the previously proposed 4$$^{+}_{1}$$ state could also correspond to a 2$$^{+}$$ state.

Journal Articles

Machine-learning molecular dynamics study of thermal properties of CaF$$_2$$

Nakamura, Hiroki; Machida, Masahiko

Proceedings of Joint International Conference on Supercomputing in Nuclear Applications + Monte Carlo 2020 (SNA + MC 2020), p.104 - 108, 2020/10

Journal Articles

The $$f$$-electron state of the heavy fermion superconductor NpPd$$_5$$Al$$_2$$ and the isostructural family

Metoki, Naoto; Aczel, A. A.*; Aoki, Dai*; Chi, S.*; Fernandez-Baca, J. A.*; Griveau, J.-C.*; Hagihara, Masato*; Hong, T.*; Haga, Yoshinori; Ikeuchi, Kazuhiko*; et al.

JPS Conference Proceedings (Internet), 30, p.011123_1 - 011123_6, 2020/03

Rare earths (4$$f$$) and actinides (5$$f$$) provide variety of interesting states realized with competing interactions between the increasing number of $$f$$ electrons. Since crystal field splitting of many-body $$f$$ electron system is smaller than the bandwidth, (1) high resolution experiments are needed, (2) essentially no clear spectrum with well defined peaks is expected in itinerant Ce and U compounds, and (3) Np and Pu is strictly regulated. Therefore, systematic research on magnetic excitations by neutron scattering experiments of localized compounds and rare earth iso-structural reference is useful. We describe the $$f$$ electron states of heavy electron compounds NpPd$$_5$$Al$$_2$$ and actinide and rare earth based iso-structural family.

Journal Articles

Shell evolution of $$N$$ = 40 isotones towards $$^{60}$$Ca; First spectroscopy of $$^{62}$$Ti

Cort$'e$s, M. L.*; Rodriguez, W.*; Doornenbal, P.*; Obertelli, A.*; Holt, J. D.*; Lenzi, S. M.*; Men$'e$ndez, J.*; Nowacki, F.*; Ogata, Kazuyuki*; Poves, A.*; et al.

Physics Letters B, 800, p.135071_1 - 135071_7, 2020/01

 Times Cited Count:22 Percentile:96.25(Astronomy & Astrophysics)

Excited states in the $$N$$ = 40 isotone $$^{62}$$Ti were populated via the $$^{63}$$V($$p$$,$$2p$$)$$^{62}$$Ti reaction at $$sim$$200 MeV/nucleon at the Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory and studied using $$gamma$$-ray spectroscopy. The energies of the $$2_1^+ rightarrow 0_{rm gs}^+$$ and $$4_1^+ rightarrow 2_1^+$$ transitions, observed here for the first time, indicate a deformed Ti ground state. These energies are increased compared to the neighboring $$^{64}$$Cr and $$^{66}$$Fe isotones, suggesting a small decrease of quadrupole collectivity. The present measurement is well reproduced by large-scale shell-model calculations based on effective interactions, while ab initio and beyond mean-field calculations do not yet reproduce our findings.

Journal Articles

Quasifree neutron knockout from $$^{54}$$Ca corroborates arising $$N=34$$ neutron magic number

Chen, S.*; Lee, J.*; Doornenbal, P.*; Obertelli, A.*; Barbieri, C.*; Chazono, Yoshiki*; Navr$'a$til, P.*; Ogata, Kazuyuki*; Otsuka, Takaharu*; Raimondi, F.*; et al.

Physical Review Letters, 123(14), p.142501_1 - 142501_7, 2019/10

AA2019-0306.pdf:0.57MB

 Times Cited Count:37 Percentile:92.75(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

no abstracts in English

367 (Records 1-20 displayed on this page)