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Journal Articles

In situ neutron imaging of lithium-ion batteries during heating to thermal runaway

Nozaki, Hiroshi*; Kondo, Hiroki*; Shinohara, Takenao; Setoyama, Daigo*; Matsumoto, Yoshihiro*; Sasaki, Tsuyoshi*; Isegawa, Kazuhisa*; Hayashida, Hirotoshi*

Scientific Reports (Internet), 13, p.22082_1 - 22082_8, 2023/12

JAEA Reports

Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory Project, Annual report for fiscal year 2018

Takeuchi, Ryuji; Iwatsuki, Teruki; Matsui, Hiroya; Nohara, Tsuyoshi; Onoe, Hironori; Ikeda, Koki; Mikake, Shinichiro; Hama, Katsuhiro; Iyatomi, Yosuke; Sasao, Eiji

JAEA-Review 2020-001, 66 Pages, 2020/03

JAEA-Review-2020-001.pdf:7.6MB

The Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory (MIU) Project is being pursued by the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) to enhance the reliability of geological disposal technologies through investigations of the deep geological environment in the crystalline rock (granite) at Mizunami City, Gifu Prefecture, central Japan. On the occasion of JAEA reformation in 2014, JAEA identified three remaining important issues on the geoscientific research program based on the synthesized latest results of research and development (R&D): "Development of countermeasure technologies for reducing groundwater inflow", "Development of modeling technologies for mass transport" and "Development of drift backfilling technologies". The R&D on three remaining important issues have been carrying out in the MIU Project. In this report, the current status of R&D and construction activities of the MIU Project in fiscal year 2018 is summarized.

Journal Articles

Enhancement of permeability activated by supercritical fluid flow through granite

Nohara, Tsuyoshi; Uno, Masaoki*; Tsuchiya, Noriyoshi*

Geofluids, 2019, p.6053815_1 - 6053815_16, 2019/08

 Times Cited Count:3 Percentile:30.21(Geochemistry & Geophysics)

Amphibole-plagioclase thermometry was applied to estimate the temperature of a glassy vein as approximately 700. The results of observations of the rock core revealed that of supercritical fluid flow was microfracture filling with hornblende and plagioclase. The current high permeability was recognized to be microfracture network. A high-angle fracture of chlorite filling in combination with an open fracture was recognized as characteristics of a high-permeability type.

JAEA Reports

Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory Project, Annual report for fiscal year 2017

Takeuchi, Ryuji; Iwatsuki, Teruki; Matsui, Hiroya; Nohara, Tsuyoshi; Onoe, Hironori; Ikeda, Koki; Mikake, Shinichiro; Hama, Katsuhiro; Iyatomi, Yosuke; Sasao, Eiji

JAEA-Review 2019-005, 76 Pages, 2019/06

JAEA-Review-2019-005.pdf:24.91MB

The Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory (MIU) project is being pursued by the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) to enhance the reliability of geological disposal technologies through investigations of the deep geological environment in the crystalline rock (granite) at Mizunami City, Gifu Prefecture, central Japan. On the occasion of the research program and management system revision of the entire JAEA organization in 2014, JAEA identified three remaining important issues on the geoscientific research program based on the latest results of the synthesizing research and development: "Development of countermeasure technologies for reducing groundwater inflow", "Development of modeling technologies for mass transport" and "Development of drift backfilling technologies". The research and development on three remaining important issues have been carrying out on the MIU project. In this report, the current status of the research and development activities and construction in fiscal year 2017 is summarized.

JAEA Reports

Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory Project, Annual report for fiscal year 2016

Ishibashi, Masayuki; Hama, Katsuhiro; Iwatsuki, Teruki; Matsui, Hiroya; Takeuchi, Ryuji; Nohara, Tsuyoshi; Onoe, Hironori; Ikeda, Koki; Mikake, Shinichiro; Iyatomi, Yosuke; et al.

JAEA-Review 2017-026, 72 Pages, 2018/01

JAEA-Review-2017-026.pdf:18.23MB

The Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory (MIU) project is being pursued by the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) to enhance the reliability of geological disposal technologies through investigations of the deep geological environment in the crystalline host rock (granite) at Mizunami, Gifu Prefecture, central Japan. On the occasion of the research program and management system revision of the entire JAEA organization in 2014, JAEA identified three important issues on the geoscientific research program: "Development of countermeasure technologies for reducing groundwater inflow", "Development of modeling technologies for mass transport" and "Development of drift backfilling technologies", based on the latest results of the synthesizing research and development (R&D). The R&D on three important issues have been carrying out on the MIU project. In this report, the current status of R&D activities and construction in 2016 is summarized.

JAEA Reports

Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory Project, Annual report for fiscal year 2015

Hama, Katsuhiro; Iwatsuki, Teruki; Matsui, Hiroya; Mikake, Shinichiro; Ishibashi, Masayuki; Onoe, Hironori; Takeuchi, Ryuji; Nohara, Tsuyoshi; Sasao, Eiji; Ikeda, Koki; et al.

JAEA-Review 2016-023, 65 Pages, 2016/12

JAEA-Review-2016-023.pdf:47.32MB

The Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory (MIU) project is being pursued by the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) to enhance the reliability of geological disposal technologies through investigations of the deep geological environment in the crystalline host rock (granite) at Mizunami City in Gifu Prefecture, central Japan. On the occasion of the reform of the entire JAEA organization in 2014, JAEA identified three important issues on the geoscientific research program: "Development of countermeasure technologies for reducing groundwater inflow", "Development of modelling technologies for mass transport" and "Development of drift backfilling technologies", based on the latest results of the synthesizing research and development (R&D). These R&D on three important issues have been carrying out on the MIU project. In this report, the current status of R&D activities and construction in 2015 is summarized.

JAEA Reports

Development of geological models in the Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory Project; Updating from "Shaft500 Geological Model" to "Stage500 Geological Model" in Phase II

Sakai, Toshihiro; Nohara, Tsuyoshi; Ishibashi, Masayuki

JAEA-Research 2016-009, 27 Pages, 2016/07

JAEA-Research-2016-009.pdf:4.05MB

In the Phase II, the geophysical and geological surveys, and the borehole investigation of the research galleries were carried out and the results obtained were used to validate and update the geological model. Through these surveys and analysis work, we confirmed the geological properties and the distribution of model components and evaluated the accuracy of these research methods. This report presents the geological model updated based on the information of the distributions of lithofacies and geological structures at a depth 500m research galleries, and besides, the validity of the geological model of the site scale developed in the Phase I is confirmed by comparing with the updated model.

JAEA Reports

Project report on the construction phase at the Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory Project

Nohara, Tsuyoshi; Saegusa, Hiromitsu*; Iwatsuki, Teruki; Hama, Katsuhiro; Matsui, Hiroya; Mikake, Shinichiro; Takeuchi, Ryuji; Onoe, Hironori; Sasao, Eiji

JAEA-Research 2015-026, 98 Pages, 2016/03

JAEA-Research-2015-026.pdf:32.97MB

Tono Geoscience Center (TGC) of Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) is being performed Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory (MIU) Project, which is a broad scientific study of the deep geological environment as a basis of research and development for geological disposal of nuclear wastes, in order to establish comprehensive techniques for the investigation, analysis and assessment of the deep geological environment in fractured crystalline rock. The MIU Project has three overlapping phases: Surface-based Investigation phase (Phase I), Construction phase (Phase II), and Operation phase (Phase III). The project goals of the MIU Project from Phase I through to Phase III are: (1) to establish techniques for investigation, analysis and assessment of the deep geological environment, and (2) to develop a range of engineering for deep underground application. This report summarizes the results of geoscientific study on Phase II to 500m depth. During Construction phase, we have evaluated of adequacy of techniques for investigation, analysis and assessment of the deep geological environment on Surface-based Investigation phase, and have established systematic methodology for stepwise investigation and evaluation of the geological environment on Construction phase. Further, with respect to design and construction of underground facilities, it was confirmed the validity of the engineering involved in the construction, maintenance and management of underground facilities.

Journal Articles

Seven-year history of vertical hydraulic diffusivity related to excavation around an underground facility

Miyakawa, Kazuya; Nohara, Tsuyoshi; Tokiwa, Tetsuya; Yamazaki, Masanori*

International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 70, p.332 - 342, 2014/09

 Times Cited Count:4 Percentile:30.94(Engineering, Geological)

A large amount of groundwater drain induced by an excavation of an underground facility will influence parameters of site formations such as permeability. In this study, a spectral analysis was applied to long-term records of atmospheric response of pore pressure in order to obtain time history of rock permeability change at the Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory (URL) in Japan. This study revealed that the excavation of the URL has influenced aquifers around the URL, and has reduced the vertical hydraulic diffusivity in the aquifers. At the point of ca. 130 m distant away from the URL, the hydraulic diffusivity has decreased in approximately 70% after 5 years from start of excavation of the URL. At the point of ca. 860 m distant away from the URL, the vertical hydraulic diffusivity has decreased in approximately 26% even though pore pressure has not changed remarkably. These results indicate that groundwater consequently becomes difficult to flow, and then safe-side estimation with respect to geological disposal system was obtained. This study confirmed that long-term history of permeability change can be monitored by using long-period records of pore pressure and atmospheric pressure. During the development of a geological disposal system, which takes several tens of years, the vertical permeability can be monitored continuously from the start of the excavation through the post-closure of the repository.

JAEA Reports

The Earthquake research in Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory Project; Seismic data and their analysis results; 2003 $$sim$$ 2012 FY

Ochiai, Shoji; Asamori, Koichi; Tokiwa, Tetsuya; Nohara, Tsuyoshi; Matsuoka, Toshiyuki

JAEA-Research 2014-002, 69 Pages, 2014/03

JAEA-Research-2014-002.pdf:7.39MB

The purpose of this study is to examine the analysis techniques and observation techniques required to obtain the seismic data on long-term stability of the geological environment. Through the earthquake observation of about 9 years and the development of seismic network as a case study of Horonobe, we confirmed the observation techniques, such as the effectiveness of the seismograph installation using the pit for a snowy cold environment. The performance of the observation points in a relatively soft ground was about 1 mGal acceleration that can distinguish earthquake from background noise. For analysis technology, we confirmed the valid range of observational data for hypocenter determination. Also, the analysis conditions for improving the hypocenter accuracy by applying the Double-Difference Method (DD method) and Multiplet-clustaring method were confirmed. It was estimated that applicability of these methods is high in the condition that the hypocenters concentrated. The reliability of DD method has been improved by using many data including the observation points near the hypocenter. Analyzed focal mechanisms showed reverse fault of east-west compression. This is consistend with the geological structure and the regional stress field.

Journal Articles

Repetition of spectral analysis on rock permeability applied to seven years record of pore-pressure response to atmospheric loading at the Horonobe URL in Japan

Miyakawa, Kazuya; Nohara, Tsuyoshi; Tokiwa, Tetsuya; Yamazaki, Masanori*

Dai-13-Kai Iwa No Rikigaku Kokunai Shimpojiumu Koen Rombunshu (CD-ROM), p.1027 - 1032, 2013/01

Understanding of geological environment has been required for radioactive waste disposal, and the permeability of rock mass is one of the most important characteristics of disposal system. It is reported that rock permeability can be estimated by the spectral analysis of the records of pore pressure and atmospheric pressure. JAEA began the Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory (Horonobe URL) Project as part of efforts to enhance the reliability of technologies used during the geological disposal of HLW in Japan. In this study, a spectral analysis of vertical permeability in sedimentary formation around the underground facility has been carried out with seven years records of pore pressure and atmospheric pressure in the Horonobe URL. This study revealed that the excavation of URL has influenced groundwater layers around the URL, and has reduced the vertical hydraulic permeability in the layers. At a point approximately 130 m distant from the URL, it was found that hydraulic diffusivity has decreased by approximately 15 - 70% in five years since the excavation started. This study indicated that permeability change during the excavation of URL could be monitored via pore and atmospheric pressure records.

JAEA Reports

Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory Project; Research and development plan (H22-H26)

Iwatsuki, Teruki; Sato, Haruo; Nohara, Tsuyoshi; Tanai, Kenji; Sugita, Yutaka; Amano, Kenji; Yabuuchi, Satoshi; Oyama, Takuya; Amano, Yuki; Yokota, Hideharu; et al.

JAEA-Research 2011-009, 73 Pages, 2011/06

JAEA-Research-2011-009.pdf:4.41MB

The research and development plan in Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory are summarized according to the 2nd Midterm Plan till 2014 fiscal year of JAEA. In this midterm, galleries and the infrastructures for the research and development up to the depth of 350 m are constructed by Private Financial Initiative (PFI). Additionally Phase 3: Operation phase at the galleries begins in parallel to Phase 2: Construction phase. In these phases various research and development including collaboration with other institutes are conducted at the galleries. Generallic applicable techniques on the subject of the investigation of geological environment, facility construction in deep underground and the reliability of geological deposal are developed during the phase. The feasibility and reliance of various technologies concerning geological disposal is demonstrated by widely opening the outcome to the public in the society.

Journal Articles

Observation of ion cyclotron emission owing to DD fusion product H ions in JT-60U

Sato, Shoichi*; Ichimura, Makoto*; Yamaguchi, Yusuke*; Katano, Makoto*; Imai, Yasutaka*; Murakami, Tatsuya*; Miyake, Yuichiro*; Yokoyama, Takuro*; Moriyama, Shinichi; Kobayashi, Takayuki; et al.

Plasma and Fusion Research (Internet), 5, p.S2067_1 - S2067_4, 2010/12

Ion cyclotron emissions (ICEs) due to deuterium-deuterium fusion-product (FP) ions on JT-60U are studied. ICE due to H-ions is identified from the difference of the toroidal wave number of 2nd ICE(D). The parameter dependence for the appearance of ICE(H) is investigated from the experimental conditions and also is studied by using "Escape Particle Orbit analysis Code (EPOC)".

Journal Articles

An Attempt to evaluate horizontal crustal movement by geodetic and geological approach in the Horonobe area, northern Hokkaido, Japan

Tokiwa, Tetsuya; Asamori, Koichi; Niizato, Tadafumi; Nohara, Tsuyoshi; Matsuura, Yuki*; Kosaka, Hideki*

Proceedings of 13th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management (ICEM 2010) (CD-ROM), p.407 - 413, 2010/10

In this study, we present the preliminary results for the estimation of a horizontal crustal movement by using geodetic and geological approach in the Horonobe area, northern Hokkaido, Japan. The estimations have been carried out by using a GPS data and a geological cross section obtained by applying balanced-section method. As results of this study, both of the shortening rates estimated by GPS data and balanced-section method indicate several millimeters per year. Namely, there is no contradiction between geodetic and geological data, and it is considered that Horonobe area is still situated similar tendency and magnitude of a crustal movement. Geodetic data is not usually used to evaluate the long-term crustal movement. However, the results of this study indicate that geodetic data provide valuable information for estimating the long-term crustal movement in the area.

JAEA Reports

Annual report for research on long-term stability of geological environments in FY2007

Kusano, Tomohiro; Nohara, Tsuyoshi; Umeda, Koji; Ishimaru, Tsuneari; Hanamuro, Takahiro; Saito, Tatsuo; Yasue, Kenichi; Niwa, Masakazu; Shimada, Koji; Yamada, Kunimi; et al.

JAEA-Research 2009-022, 47 Pages, 2009/09

JAEA-Research-2009-022.pdf:48.94MB

The Japanese islands are located in the tectonically active Circum-Pacific Mobile Belt. As a result, Japan has a high frequency of earthquakes and eruptions. Special consideration is given to the long-term stability of the geological environment, taking into account volcanism, faulting, uplift, denudation, climatic change and sea-level change in Japan. Development of research/prediction technologies for geotectonic events has been carried out to evaluate the long-term stability of the geological environment in Japan. In fiscal year 2007, we carried out the following researches, to confirm existence of the phenomena that have influences on geological disposal system (e.g., active faulting, volcanism), and to develop the investigation techniques to reconstruct the history of these phenomena. For studies of faulting and seismic activity, we developed the investigation techniques to research distribution of crush zone, process of faulting, activity, and so on. For volcanological and geothermal studies, we developed a technique for detecting crustal magma and/or geothermal fluid in deep underground. For studies of uplift/denudation and climatic/sea-level changes, we extracted investigation techniques for landform developments and uplift rate with river terraces.

Journal Articles

Dynamics of ion internal transport barrier in LHD heliotron and JT-60U tokamak plasmas

Ida, Katsumi*; Sakamoto, Yoshiteru; Yoshinuma, Mikiro*; Takenaga, Hidenobu; Nagaoka, Kenichi*; Hayashi, Nobuhiko; Oyama, Naoyuki; Osakabe, Masaki*; Yokoyama, Masayuki*; Funaba, Hisamichi*; et al.

Nuclear Fusion, 49(9), p.095024_1 - 095024_9, 2009/09

 Times Cited Count:29 Percentile:72.19(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)

Dynamics of ion internal transport barrier (ITB) formation and impurity transport both in the Large Helical Device (LHD) heliotron and JT-60U tokamak are described. Significant differences between heliotron and tokamak plasmas are observed. The location of the ITB moves outward during the ITB formation regardless of the sign of magnetic shear in JT-60U and the ITB becomes more localized in the plasma with negative magnetic shear. In LHD, the low Te/Ti ratio ($$<$$ 1) of the target plasma for the high power heating is found to be necessary condition to achieve the ITB plasma and the ITB location tends to expand outward or inward depending on the condition of the target plasmas. Associated with the formation of ITB, the carbon density tends to be peaked due to inward convection in JT-60U, while the carbon density becomes hollow due to outward convection in LHD. The outward convection observed in LHD contradicts the prediction by neoclassical theory.

Journal Articles

Source fault of the Iwate-Miyagi Nairiku Earthquake in 2008 estimated by distribution of heights of fluvial terraces

Tajikara, Masayoshi; Ikeda, Yasutaka*; Nohara, Tsuyoshi

Jishin, 62(1), p.1 - 11, 2009/08

We estimated distribution of uplift rates during the last 150 kyrs around the focal region of the Iwate-Miyagi Nairiku Earthquake in 2008 (occurred at June 14, 2008; Mj 7.2, Mw 6.9), based on relative heights of fluvial/marine terraces. Active fault has not been mapped around this area, because clear fault scarp with large displacement does not exist. We showed that the uplift rates vary around the focal region and that the variation of uplift rates is related to the activities of the source fault of the Iwate-Miyagi Nairiku Earthquake in 2008. We estimated the vertical displacement rate of this fault as 0.4-0.5 mm/yr, based on difference of uplift rates on the both side of the source fault. We considered that the existence of (blind) active fault can be estimated even in the area with no clear fault scarp, by clarifying the distribution of uplift rates based on heights of fluvial/marine terraces.

Journal Articles

Fission-track ages of late Pliocene to Pleistocene strata around the eastern margin of the Yokote Basin active fault zone, northeast Japan

Kosaka, Hideki*; Kagohara, Kyoko; Miwa, Atsushi*; Imaizumi, Toshifumi*; Kurosawa, Hideki; Nohara, Tsuyoshi

Chigaku Zasshi, 117(5), p.851 - 862, 2008/10

To understand the development process of the fault zone, fission-track ages of rocks and rock facies are investigated in western margin of the Ou Backbone Range of Northeast Japan. Fission-track dating was carried out for 5 acid volcanic rocks from the late Pliocene to Pleistocene strata which were deposit associated with mountain belt growth. Statistically significant ages obtained are 1.5$$pm$$0.1 Ma (OB-03) and 1.85$$pm$$0.1 Ma (YG-01) for the Tazawa Formation, 1.6$$pm$$0.3 Ma (FT-01) for the Kurisawa Formation,0.93$$pm$$0.14 Ma (FT-02) and 2.7$$pm$$0.3 Ma (FT-03) for the Senya Formation. According to the fission-track dating in this study, ages of the mountain belt growth with acid volcanic activity are estimated to before 1 Ma.

JAEA Reports

Study plan for research on long-term stability of geological environments in FY2008

Nakatsuka, Noboru; Nohara, Tsuyoshi; Umeda, Koji; Ishimaru, Tsuneari; Hanamuro, Takahiro; Saito, Tatsuo; Yasue, Kenichi; Niwa, Masakazu

JAEA-Review 2008-039, 19 Pages, 2008/09

JAEA-Review-2008-039.pdf:4.95MB

The Japanese islands are located in the tectonically active Circum-Pacific Mobile Belt. As a result, Japan has a high frequency of earthquakes and eruptions. Special consideration is given to the long-term stability of the geological environment, taking into account volcanism, faulting, uplift, denudation, climatic change and sea-level change in Japan. Development of research/prediction technologies for geotectonic events has been carried out to evaluate the long-term stability of the geological environment in Japan. During fiscal year 2008, research/prediction about the following items will be carried out. Concerning earthquake and fault movement, we continue to develop research techniques for evolutional history and activity of fault, and carry out case studies for development of effective assessment model in the fault zones will be carried out. For volcanological and geothermal studies, we are planning to provide an integrated approach for detecting crustal magma and/or geothermal fluid in deep underground using geophysical and geochemical data, and models assessing the likelihood of future volcanism and its influence on geological environment. Concerning uplift, denudation, climatic change and sea-level change, we plan to arrange research techniques for reconstruction of paleo-topography and paleo-climate, and to establish a simulation model for landform development. Concerning a general evaluation study about the long-term stability of the geological environment, information maintenance about a change of geological environment with hydrothermal activity, and development of simulation techniques for groundwater flow related by crustal movement, climatic change will be carried out. In addition, maintenance of development of analytical methods to perform the data acquisition that is necessary for these studies will be carried out.

Journal Articles

Fault-related features and restoration of fault slips revealed by airborne laser imagery along the Senya fault and Adera fault

Nakata, Takashi*; Kumamoto, Takashi*; Okumura, Koji*; Goto, Hideaki*; Kumahara, Yasuhiro*; Nohara, Tsuyoshi; Sato, Masaru*; Iwanaga, Shoji*

Katsudanso Kenkyu, (29), p.1 - 13, 2008/09

Laser imagery technique is applied to obtain comprehensive features of typical reverse fault (Senya fault in NE Japan) and strike-slip fault (Adera fault in Central Japan). We test several methods for obtaining fault slip from detailed DEM images. Using the visual analyzer "Geo-Graphia", several three-dimensional laser imageries are processed around Senya hill, especially along the surface fault ruptures associated with 1896 Rikuu earthquake. We compared amount of fault slips along the fault ruptures measured by field work (Matsuda et al., 1980) with that obtained by automatic and manual profiling using detailed DEM. Three-dimensional laser imageries are also processed along Adera fault, and slip vectors are restored based on successively faulted terrace risers around Sakashita town.

92 (Records 1-20 displayed on this page)