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Journal Articles

Thermally altered subsurface material of asteroid (162173) Ryugu

Kitazato, Kohei*; Milliken, R. E.*; Iwata, Takahiro*; Abe, Masanao*; Otake, Makiko*; Matsuura, Shuji*; Takagi, Yasuhiko*; Nakamura, Tomoki*; Hiroi, Takahiro*; Matsuoka, Moe*; et al.

Nature Astronomy (Internet), 5(3), p.246 - 250, 2021/03

 Times Cited Count:30 Percentile:96.87(Astronomy & Astrophysics)

Here we report observations of Ryugu's subsurface material by the Near-Infrared Spectrometer (NIRS3) on the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. Reflectance spectra of excavated material exhibit a hydroxyl (OH) absorption feature that is slightly stronger and peak-shifted compared with that observed for the surface, indicating that space weathering and/or radiative heating have caused subtle spectral changes in the uppermost surface. However, the strength and shape of the OH feature still suggests that the subsurface material experienced heating above 300 $$^{circ}$$C, similar to the surface. In contrast, thermophysical modeling indicates that radiative heating does not increase the temperature above 200 $$^{circ}$$C at the estimated excavation depth of 1 m, even if the semimajor axis is reduced to 0.344 au. This supports the hypothesis that primary thermal alteration occurred due to radiogenic and/or impact heating on Ryugu's parent body.

Journal Articles

Self-organization of zonal flows and isotropic eddies in toroidal electron temperature gradient driven turbulence

Kawai, Chika*; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Ogawa, Yuichi*; Yamada, Hiroshi*

Physics of Plasmas, 27(8), p.082302_1 - 082302_11, 2020/08

 Times Cited Count:1 Percentile:6.61(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)

Self-organization in the toroidal electron temperature gradient driven (ETG) turbulence is investigated based on a global gyrokinetic model in a weak magnetic shear configuration. Because of global profile effects, toroidal ETG modes with higher toroidal mode number n are excited at the outer magnetic surfaces, leading to strong linear wave dispersion. The resulting anisotropic wave turbulence boundary and the inverse energy cascade generate the self-organization of zonal flows, which is the unique mechanism in the global gyrokinetic model. The self-organization is confirmed both in the decaying turbulence initialized by random noises and in the toroidal ETG turbulence. It is also shown that the self-organization process generates zonal flows and isotropic eddies depending on a criterion parameter, which is determined by the ion to electron temperature ratio and the turbulence intensity.

Journal Articles

Progress of criticality control study on fuel debris by Japan Atomic Energy Agency to support Secretariat of Nuclear Regulation Authority

Tonoike, Kotaro; Watanabe, Tomoaki; Gunji, Satoshi; Yamane, Yuichi; Nagaya, Yasunobu; Umeda, Miki; Izawa, Kazuhiko; Ogawa, Kazuhiko

Proceedings of 11th International Conference on Nuclear Criticality Safety (ICNC 2019) (Internet), 9 Pages, 2019/09

Criticality control of the fuel debris in the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station would be a risk-informed control to mitigate consequences of criticality events, instead of a deterministic control to prevent such events. The Nuclear Regulation Authority of Japan has administrated a research and development program to tackle this challenge since 2014. The Nuclear Safety Research Center of Japan Atomic Energy Agency, commissioned by the authority, is conducting activities such as computations of criticality characteristics of the fuel debris, development of a criticality analysis code, preparation of criticality experiments, and development of a criticality risk analysis method.

Journal Articles

The Surface composition of asteroid 162173 Ryugu from Hayabusa2 near-infrared spectroscopy

Kitazato, Kohei*; Milliken, R. E.*; Iwata, Takahiro*; Abe, Masanao*; Otake, Makiko*; Matsuura, Shuji*; Arai, Takehiko*; Nakauchi, Yusuke*; Nakamura, Tomoki*; Matsuoka, Moe*; et al.

Science, 364(6437), p.272 - 275, 2019/04

 Times Cited Count:233 Percentile:99.74(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

The near-Earth asteroid 162173 Ryugu, the target of Hayabusa2 sample return mission, is believed to be a primitive carbonaceous object. The Near Infrared Spectrometer (NIRS3) on Hayabusa2 acquired reflectance spectra of Ryugu's surface to provide direct measurements of the surface composition and geological context for the returned samples. A weak, narrow absorption feature centered at 2.72 micron was detected across the entire observed surface, indicating that hydroxyl (OH)-bearing minerals are ubiquitous there. The intensity of the OH feature and low albedo are similar to thermally- and/or shock-metamorphosed carbonaceous chondrite meteorites. There are few variations in the OH-band position, consistent with Ryugu being a compositionally homogeneous rubble-pile object generated from impact fragments of an undifferentiated aqueously altered parent body.

Journal Articles

Impact of plasma parameter on self-organization of electron temperature gradient driven turbulence

Kawai, Chika*; Idomura, Yasuhiro; Maeyama, Shinya*; Ogawa, Yuichi*

Physics of Plasmas, 24(4), p.042303_1 - 042303_13, 2017/04

AA2017-0111.pdf:7.14MB

 Times Cited Count:2 Percentile:10.79(Physics, Fluids & Plasmas)

Self-organization in the slab electron temperature gradient driven (ETG) turbulence is investigated based on gyrokinetic simulations and the Hasegawa-Mima (HM) equation. The scale and the anisotropy of self-organized turbulent structures vary depending on the Rhines scale and the characteristic scale given by the adiabatic response term in the HM equation. The former is determined by competition between the linear wave dispersion and the nonlinear turbulent cascade, while the latter is given as the scale, at which the turbulent cascade is impeded. These scales are controlled by plasma parameters such as the density and temperature gradient, and the temperature ratio of ion to electron. It is found that depending on the plasma parameters, the ETG turbulence shows either isotropic turbulence or zonal flows, which give significantly different transport levels. Although the modulational instability excites zonal modes regardless of the plasma parameters, the final turbulent structure is determined by the self-organization process.

Journal Articles

SOL-divertor plasma simulations introducing anisotropic temperature with virtual divertor model

Togo, Satoshi*; Takizuka, Tomonori*; Nakamura, Makoto; Hoshino, Kazuo; Ogawa, Yuichi*

Journal of Nuclear Materials, 463, p.502 - 505, 2015/08

 Times Cited Count:9 Percentile:61(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

A 1D SOL-divertor plasma simulation code introducing the anisotropic ion temperature with virtual divertor model has been developed. By introducing the anisotropic ion temperature directly, the second-derivative parallel ion viscosity term in the momentum transport equation can be excluded and the boundary condition at the divertor plate becomes unnecessary. In order to express the effects of the divertor plate and accompanying sheath implicitly, the virtual divertor model has been introduced which has an artificial sinks of particle, momentum and energy. The virtual divertor model makes the periodic boundary condition available. By using this model, SOL-divertor plasmas satisfying the Bohm condition has been successfully obtained. Also investigated are the dependence of the ion temperature anisotropy on the normalized mean free path of ion and the validity of the approximated parallel ion viscosity for the Braginskii expression and the limited one.

Journal Articles

Stabilization of a high-order harmonic generation seeded extreme ultraviolet free electron laser by time-synchronization control with electro-optic sampling

Tomizawa, Hiromitsu*; Sato, Takahiro*; Ogawa, Kanade*; Togawa, Kazuaki*; Tanaka, Takatsugu*; Hara, Toru*; Yabashi, Makina*; Tanaka, Hitoshi*; Ishikawa, Tetsuya*; Togashi, Tadashi*; et al.

High Power Laser Science and Engineering, 3, p.e14_1 - e14_10, 2015/04

 Times Cited Count:6 Percentile:34.58(Optics)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Analysis of accident scenarios of a water-cooled tokamak DEMO

Nakamura, Makoto; Ibano, Kenzo*; Tobita, Kenji; Someya, Yoji; Tanigawa, Hisashi; Gulden, W.*; Ogawa, Yuichi*

Proceedings of 25th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference (FEC 2014) (CD-ROM), 8 Pages, 2014/10

Of late in Japan, a design study has been undertaken of a tokamak fusion DEMO with pressurized water coolant and solid pebble bed breeding blanket, but safety characteristics of this type of DEMO have not been well examined. In this paper, thermohydraulics analysis of in-vessel and ex-vessel loss-of-coolant accidents of a water-cooled tokamak DEMO is reported. Safety characteristics of water-cooled DEMO, particularly possible loads onto confinement barriers, are discussed based on the thermohydraulics analysis results. Measures to reduce such loads are also proposed.

JAEA Reports

Evaluation of irradiation behavior on oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steel claddings irradiated in Joyo/CMIR-6

Yano, Yasuhide; Otsuka, Satoshi; Yamashita, Shinichiro; Ogawa, Ryuichiro; Sekine, Manabu; Endo, Toshiaki; Yamagata, Ichiro; Sekio, Yoshihiro; Tanno, Takashi; Uwaba, Tomoyuki; et al.

JAEA-Research 2013-030, 57 Pages, 2013/11

JAEA-Research-2013-030.pdf:48.2MB

It is necessary to develop the fast reactor core materials, which can achieve high-burnup operation improving safety and economical performance. Ferritic steels are expected to be good candidate core materials to achieve this objective because of their excellent void swelling resistance. Therefore, oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) ferritic steel and 11Cr-ferritic/martensitic steel (PNC-FMS) have been respectively developed for cladding and wrapper tube materials in Japan Atomic Energy Agency. In this study, the effects of fast neutron irradiation on mechanical properties and microstructure of 9Cr-and 12Cr-ODS steel claddings for fast reactor were investigated. Specimens were irradiated in the experimental fast reactor Joyo using the CMIR-6 at temperatures between 420 and 835$$^{circ}$$C to fast neutron doses ranging from 16 to 33 dpa. The post-irradiation ring tensile tests were carried out at irradiation temperatures.

Journal Articles

Mechanical properties of friction stir welded 11Cr-ferritic/martensitic steel

Yano, Yasuhide; Sato, Yutaka*; Sekio, Yoshihiro; Otsuka, Satoshi; Kaito, Takeji; Ogawa, Ryuichiro; Kokawa, Hiroyuki*

Journal of Nuclear Materials, 442(1-3), p.S524 - S528, 2013/09

 Times Cited Count:14 Percentile:72.36(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

Friction stir welding was applied to the wrapper tube materials, 11Cr-ferritic/martensitic steel, intended for fast reactors and defect-free welds were successfully produced. Then, the mechanical and microstructural properties of the friction stir welded steel were investigated. The hardness values of the stir zone were about 550 Hv, and they had hardly any dependence on the rotational speed, although they were much higher than that of the base material. However, tensile strengths and elongations of the stir zones were better at 298 K, compared to those of the base material. These excellent tensile properties were attributable to the fine grain formation during friction stir welding. A part of this study is the result of "Friction stir welding of the wrapper tube materials for Na fast reactors" carried out under the Strategic Promotion Program for Basic Nuclear Research by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan.

Journal Articles

Full-coherent HHG-seeded EUV-FEL locked by EOS timing feedback

Ogawa, Kanade*; Sato, Takahiro*; Matsubara, Shinichi*; Okayasu, Yuichi*; Togashi, Tadashi*; Watanabe, Takahiro*; Takahashi, Eiji*; Midorikawa, Katsumi*; Aoyama, Makoto; Yamakawa, Koichi; et al.

Proceedings of 10th Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim and 18th OptoElectronics and Communications Conference and Photonics in Switching 2013 (CLEO-PR & OECC/PS 2013) (USB Flash Drive), 2 Pages, 2013/06

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Investigation of the cause of peculiar irradiation behavior of 9Cr-ODS steel in BOR-60 irradiation tests

Otsuka, Satoshi; Kaito, Takeji; Yano, Yasuhide; Yamashita, Shinichiro; Ogawa, Ryuichiro; Uwaba, Tomoyuki; Koyama, Shinichi; Tanaka, Kenya

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 50(5), p.470 - 480, 2013/05

 Times Cited Count:5 Percentile:38.75(Nuclear Science & Technology)

Four experimental fuel assemblies (EFAs) containing 9Cr-ODS steel cladding fuel pins were previously irradiated in the BOR-60. One of the EFAs achieved the best data, a peak burn-up of 11.9at% and a neutron dose of 51 dpa, without any microstructure instability or any fuel pin rupture. On the other hand, in another EFA (peak burn-up, 10.5at%; peak neutron dose, 44 dpa), peculiar irradiation behaviors such as microstructure instability and fuel pin rupture occurred. The combined effects of matrix Cr heterogeneity (presence of metallic Cr inclusions) and high-temperature irradiation were concluded to be the main cause of the peculiar microstructure change of 9Cr-ODS steel cladding tubes in the BOR-60 irradiation tests. They contributed to the fuel pin rupture.

Journal Articles

A Survey of spin-offs from state-of-the-art technology created in fusion research and development

Kurihara, Kenichi; Ogawa, Yuichi*

Nihon Genshiryoku Gakkai-Shi ATOMO$$Sigma$$, 55(4), p.225 - 230, 2013/04

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Irradiation performance of oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) ferritic steel claddings for fast reactor fuels

Kaito, Takeji; Otsuka, Satoshi; Yano, Yasuhide; Tanno, Takashi; Yamashita, Shinichiro; Ogawa, Ryuichiro; Tanaka, Kenya

Proceedings of International Conference on Fast Reactors and Related Fuel Cycles; Safe Technologies and Sustainable Scenarios (FR-13) (USB Flash Drive), 11 Pages, 2013/03

The oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) ferritic steel claddings developed by Japan Atomic Energy Agency were irradiated in Joyo and BOR-60 in order to confirm their irradiation performance and thus judge their applicability to high burnup and high temperature fast reactor fuels. In Joyo, material irradiation tests up to 33 dpa were carried out at in the temperature range of 693 - 1108 K. The irradiation data were obtained concerning mainly mechanical properties and of microstructure stability. In BOR-60, fuel pin irradiation tests were conducted up to burnup of 11.9 at% and neutron dose of 51 dpa. The irradiation data were obtained concerning fuel-cladding chemical interaction, dimensional stability under irradiation and so on. These results showed the superior irradiation performance of the ODS ferritic steel claddings and their application possibility as fast reactor fuels. This paper describes the evaluation of the obtained irradiation data of ODS ferritic steel claddings.

Journal Articles

High intense full-coherent radiation of free electron laser seeded by high-order harmonics in extreme-ultraviolet region

Togashi, Tadashi*; Takahashi, Eiji*; Midorikawa, Katsumi*; Aoyama, Makoto; Yamakawa, Koichi; Sato, Takahiro*; Iwasaki, Atsushi*; Owada, Shigeki*; Yamanouchi, Kaoru*; Hara, Toru*; et al.

Proceedings of Ultrafast Optics IX (CD-ROM), 2 Pages, 2013/03

We have demonstrated free-electron laser radiation seeded by high-order harmonics in the extreme-ultraviolet region. Strong enhancement of the radiation intensity by a factor of 104 was observed with timing control of an electro-optical sampling technique.

Journal Articles

The First electron bunch measurement by means of dast organic EO crystals

Okayasu, Yuichi*; Tomizawa, Hiromitsu*; Matsubara, Shinichi*; Sato, Takahiro*; Ogawa, Kanade*; Togashi, Tadashi*; Takahashi, Eiji*; Minamide, Hiroaki*; Matsukawa, Ken*; Aoyama, Makoto; et al.

Proceedings of 1st International Beam Instrumentation Conference (IBIC 2012) (Internet), 5 Pages, 2012/10

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Effects of neutron irradiation on tensile properties of oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steel claddings

Yano, Yasuhide; Ogawa, Ryuichiro; Yamashita, Shinichiro; Otsuka, Satoshi; Kaito, Takeji; Akasaka, Naoaki; Inoue, Masaki; Yoshitake, Tsunemitsu; Tanaka, Kenya

Journal of Nuclear Materials, 419(1-3), p.305 - 309, 2011/12

 Times Cited Count:19 Percentile:80.33(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

The effects of fast neutron irradiation on ring tensile properties of oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steel claddings for fast reactor were investigated. Specimens were irradiated in the experimental fast reactor Joyo using the material irradiation rig at temperatures between 693 and 1108 K to fast neutron doses ranging from 16 to 33 dpa. The post-irradiation ring tensile tests were carried out at irradiation temperatures. The experimental results showed that there was no significant change in tensile strengths after neutron irradiation below 923 K, but the tensile strengths at neutron irradiation above 1023 K up to 33 dpa were decreased by about 20%. On the other hand, uniform elongation after irradiation was more than 2% at all irradiation conditions. The ring tensile properties of these ODS claddings remained excellent within these irradiation conditions compared with conventional 11Cr ferritic/martensitic steel (PNC-FMS) claddings.

Journal Articles

Oxide fuel fabrication technology development of the FaCT project, 5; Current status on 9Cr-ODS steel cladding development for high burn-up fast reactor fuel

Otsuka, Satoshi; Kaito, Takeji; Yano, Yasuhide; Yamashita, Shinichiro; Ogawa, Ryuichiro; Uwaba, Tomoyuki; Koyama, Shinichi; Tanaka, Kenya

Proceedings of International Conference on Toward and Over the Fukushima Daiichi Accident (GLOBAL 2011) (CD-ROM), 6 Pages, 2011/12

This paper describes evaluation results of in-reactor integrity of 9Cr and 12Cr-ODS steel cladding tubes and the plan for reliability improvement in homogeneous tube production. A fuel assembly in the BOR-60 irradiation test including 9Cr and 12Cr-ODS fuel pins has achieved the highest burn-up, i.e. peak burn-up of 11.9at% and peak neutron dose of 51dpa, without any fuel pin rupture and microstructure instability. In another fuel assembly containing 9Cr and 12Cr-ODS steel fuel pins whose peak burn-up was 10.5at%, one 9Cr-ODS steel fuel pin failed near the upper end of the fuel column. A peculiar microstructure change occurred in the vicinity of the ruptured area. The primary cause of this fuel pin rupture and microstructure change was shown to be the presence of metallic Cr inclusions in the 9Cr-ODS steel tube, which had passed an ultrasonic inspection test for defects. In the next stage from 2011 to 2013, the fabrication technology of full pre-alloy 9Cr-ODS steel cladding tube will be developed.

Journal Articles

Development of a methodology to evaluate characteristics of energy technology by conjoint analysis

Hiwatari, Ryoji*; Okano, Kunihiko*; Asaoka, Yoshiyuki*; Nagano, Koji*; Ogawa, Yuichi*; Kato, Takaaki*; Tobita, Kenji; Norimatsu, Takayoshi*

Denryoku Chuo Kenkyusho Hokoku (L07012), P. 34, 2008/07

Key to take public acceptance into account on the energy system is how to evaluate and compare quantitatively the merits and the demerits of each energy system from the public viewpoint. For this purpose, a method to evaluate the property of energy technology is developed based on the conjoint analysis technique. Based on the statistical method, utility values for energy abundance, environmental load (i.e. CO$$_{2}$$ emission), stability of supply, sense of security, and other features as well as economic performance, are estimated from several thousands of choice experiments to more than 1600 respondents volunteered in the study. The basic methodology developed in this study establishes the first step to assess energy technology quantitatively on a common standard, and needs further integration with other factors, such as waste generation other than CO$$_{2}$$ emission.

Journal Articles

Report on ITPA (International Tokamak Physics Activity) meeting, 22

Takenaga, Hidenobu; Ogawa, Yuichi*; Takizuka, Tomonori; Yagi, Masatoshi*; Yamada, Hiroshi*; Sakamoto, Yoshiteru; Toi, Kazuo*; Fukuda, Takeshi*; Fukuyama, Atsushi*; Fujita, Takaaki; et al.

Purazuma, Kaku Yugo Gakkai-Shi, 84(7), p.465 - 467, 2008/07

no abstracts in English

103 (Records 1-20 displayed on this page)