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土川 雄介; 甲斐 哲也; Parker, J.*; 松本 吉弘*; 篠原 武尚
Scientific Reports (Internet), 15, p.7687_1 - 7687_8, 2025/03
被引用回数：1J-PARC/MLFで、元素の二次元分布を可視化する中性子共鳴吸収イメージング技術を開発した。鉄、ジルコニウム、ニッケル、モリブデン、アルミニウム棒を含む試料を用い、1eVから100keVまでの中性子透過スペクトルを利用する解析を行った。ハフニウム(ジルコニウムの不純物)とモリブデンの分布に関しては、従来の共鳴イメージングによって明瞭な分布が得られた。次に、各元素の複数の共鳴を利用した分析を行ったところ、元素同定の精度が向上し、鉄とニッケルの識別能が向上した。一方で、このような解析法では、たまたま他元素由来の異なる共鳴ピーク同士が隣り合うことで、中性子透過軸上に物質が重なった場合にそれらの共鳴が消失するような現象が起きた場合に対応できない。鉄とニッケルのケースで、実際にその現象が現われた。この問題を克服し、測定技術としての更なる進化を目指し、存在する可能性のある元素の存在を仮定して広い範囲で透過スペクトルをフィッティングする手法を提案した。これにより、試料金属とハフニウムやマンガン(ジルコニウムや鉄の不純物)の分布を可視化することに成功した。ここで導入された分析手法は、MLFの一般利用者の標準的な分析手順の確立に貢献するものである。
吉宗 航*; 樋口 雄紀*; Song, F.; 日比 章五*; 松本 吉弘*; 林田 洋寿*; 野崎 洋*; 篠原 武尚; 加藤 悟*
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 26(47), p.29466 - 29474, 2024/11
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：42.16(Chemistry, Physical)The phase transition from supercooled water to ice is closely related to the electrochemical performance and lifetime of an energy device at sub-zero temperatures. Fuel cells for automotive face this issue because they are frequently started and stopped under sub-zero conditions. In this study, we developed an operando neutron imaging system to visualise the water distribution inside an automotive single cell simulating a fuel cell stack during cold starts.
Sans-Planell, O.*; 篠原 武尚; Grazzi, F.*; Cantini, F.*; Su, Y. H.; 松本 吉弘*; Parker, J. D.*; Manke, I.*
Review of Scientific Instruments, 95(11), p.113702_1 - 113702_5, 2024/11
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Instruments & Instrumentation)This study presents a significant development in the Energy-Resolved Neutron Imaging System RADEN, in the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex, Japan. Through a systematic study, the collimation power of the facility was reevaluated. To perform the calculation of the L/D factor of the beam, a state-of-the-art method has been used, along with a standard reference sample to measure the resolution of neutron images. To add robustness to the results, the study compares five different scintillators of different composition and thickness.
及川 健一; 松本 吉弘*; 渡辺 賢一*; 佐藤 博隆*; Parker, J. D.*; 篠原 武尚; 鬼柳 善明*
Scientific Reports (Internet), 14, p.27990_1 - 27990_11, 2024/11
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Multidisciplinary Sciences)We are conducting research focused on elucidating the crystallographic structure of Japanese swords in a non-destructive manner using the neutron imaging instrument RADEN at J-PARC. In this study, we developed an analysis method that combines wavelength-resolved Bragg-edge imaging and a wavelength-selective neutron tomography with a new strategy, and applied it to an approximately 45 cm long Japanese sword signed by Bishu Osafune Norimitsu. Computed tomography was performed, and the analysis succeeded in clearly capturing the characteristic internal structure "Kobuse". Kobuse is most famous steel combining structure of Japanese swords, where a center steel with low carbon content is covered by an outer steel with high carbon content. The crystallite size distribution obtained through Bragg-edge analysis was able to explain without contradiction from the layered structure of two steels observed in neutron tomograms. Our non-destructive imaging also revealed that the quenching was quite deep, forming a wavy pattern more than 5 mm away from the cutting edge.
松本 吉弘*; 及川 健一; 渡辺 賢一*; 佐藤 博隆*; Parker, J. D.*; 篠原 武尚; 鬼柳 善明*
Journal of Archaeological Science; Reports, 58, p.104729_1 - 104729_10, 2024/10
We investigated the internal crystallographic structures of Japanese swords using a nondestructive analysis method that combines neutron Bragg-edge transmission (BET) imaging and neutron tomography. BET provides insights into the crystalline structure of the steel, while the neutron tomography offers cross-sectional views of the sword. To systematically explore and understand the technical and historical transition of Japanese sword-making methods, it is important to analyze the internal crystalline structure of various swords, taking into account factors such as production period, region, and swordsmith. Our study examined three swords: Kashu Kiyomitsu, Nankaitaro Tomotaka, and Hosokawa Masanori. The results reveal distinct differences in the internal structures of these swords. This innovative nondestructive approach allowed us to gain detailed insights into the microstructures of these historical artifacts without causing any damage.
樋口 雄紀*; 吉宗 航*; 加藤 悟*; 日比 章五*; 瀬戸山 大吾*; 伊勢川 和久*; 松本 吉弘*; 林田 洋寿*; 野崎 洋*; 原田 雅史*; et al.
Communications Engineering (Internet), 3, p.33_1 - 33_7, 2024/02
The automotive industry aims to ensure the cold-start capability of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) for developing fuel cell electric vehicles that can be driven in cold climates. Water and ice behavior is a key factor in maintaining this capability. Previously reported methods for visualizing water and/or ice are limited to small-sized PEFCs ( 
50 cm
), while fuel cell electric vehicles are equipped with larger PEFCs. Here, we developed a system using a pulsed spallation neutron beam to visualize water distribution and identify water/ice phases in practical-sized PEFCs at a cold start. The results show direct evidence of a stepwise freezing behavior inside the PEFC. The produced water initially accumulated at the center of the PEFC and then froze, followed by PEFC shutdown as freezing progressed. This study can serve as a reference to guide the development of cold-start protocols, cell design, and materials for next-generation fuel cell electric vehicles.
野崎 洋*; 近藤 広規*; 篠原 武尚; 瀬戸山 大吾*; 松本 吉弘*; 佐々木 厳*; 伊勢川 和久*; 林田 洋寿*
Scientific Reports (Internet), 13, p.22082_1 - 22082_8, 2023/12
被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：24.30(Multidisciplinary Sciences)Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) have become essential components that power most current technologies, thus making various safety evaluations necessary to ensure their safe use. Heating tests remain the most prominent source of safety issues. However, information on the phenomena occurring inside batteries during heating has remained inaccessible. In this study, we demonstrate the first in situ neutron imaging method to observe the internal structural deformation of LIBs during heating. We developed an airtight Al chamber specially designed to prevent radioactive contamination during in situ neutron imaging. We successfully observed the liquid electrolyte fluctuation inside a battery sample and the deformation of the protective plastic film upon heating up to thermal runaway.
安田 陽介*; 松本 吉弘*; 篠原 武尚; 鍋島 史花*; 堀内 敬介*; 永井 大樹*
International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 213, p.124291_1 - 124291_2, 2023/10
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：91.18(Thermodynamics)Behaviors of the working fluid in a flat-plate pulsating heat pipe (PHP), made of aluminum alloy, in the bottom- and top-heating orientations were visualized by neutron radiography. The results indicate that the initial distribution of the working fluid does not affect the startup characteristics of oscillation of the working fluid in regard to the specifications of flat-plate PHP used in this study.
吉宗 航*; 樋口 雄紀*; 加藤 晃彦*; 日比 章五*; 山口 聡*; 松本 吉弘*; 林田 洋寿*; 野崎 洋*; 篠原 武尚; 加藤 悟*
ACS Energy Letters (Internet), 8(8), p.3485 - 3487, 2023/08
被引用回数：16 パーセンタイル：83.69(Chemistry, Physical)A multiscale water visualization technique for polymer electrolyte fuel cells was established by using 
multiprobe radiography with pulsed spallation neutron and synchrotron X-ray sources. The three-dimensional water distribution revealed that water back-diffusion from the cathode to the anode significantly contributes to the drainability of practical polymer electrolyte fuel cells toward fuel cell electric vehicles.
大場 洋次郎; 元川 竜平; 金子 耕士; 永井 崇之; 土川 雄介; 篠原 武尚; Parker, J. D.*; 岡本 芳浩
Scientific Reports (Internet), 13, p.10071_1 - 10071_8, 2023/06
被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：46.61(Multidisciplinary Sciences)The spatial distribution of constituent elements in borosilicate glasses containing simulated high-level radioactive liquid waste (HLLW) was investigated using neutron resonance absorption imaging. The resonance absorption dips of Rh, Pd, Na, Gd, Cs, and Sm were detected in the neutron transmission spectra of the glass samples. The neutron transmission images at the resonance energies of these elements provided the spatial distributions within the glass samples. Rh and Pd led sedimentation, while Gd, Sm, and Cs were uniformly dispersed. These results clearly show the potential of neutron resonance absorption imaging for characterizing borosilicate glasses.
伊勢川 和久; 瀬戸山 大吾*; 樋口 雄紀*; 松本 吉弘*; 長井 康貴*; 篠原 武尚
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 1040, p.167260_1 - 167260_10, 2022/10
被引用回数：6 パーセンタイル：61.74(Instruments & Instrumentation)This paper reports on development of pulsed neutron imaging for phase differentiation between liquid water and ice with introduction of a gated image intensifier. Previous neutron-imaging systems for phase differentiation between liquid-water and ice, on the other hand, had some issues with temporal resolution, horizontal distribution of neutron wavelength, and field-of-view size. By using energy-selected pulsed neutron imaging with an optical image intensifier, the authors have achieved liquid-water/ice phase identification with a shorter temporal resolution than before with a suitable field of view area to observe commercial PEFCs.
村瀬 清華*; 片岡 龍峰*; 西山 尚典*; 西村 耕司*; 橋本 大志*; 田中 良昌*; 門倉 昭*; 冨川 喜弘*; 堤 雅基*; 小川 泰信*; et al.
Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate (Internet), 12, p.18_1 - 18_16, 2022/06
被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：30.02(Astronomy & Astrophysics)巨大な太陽フレアによってもたらされる太陽風により磁気圏内にエネルギーが溜まり、そのエネルギーが一気に解放されるサブストームが発生する。そのサブストームが発生する際、高エネルギー電子が大量に中間圏まで降り注ぐ事象(EEP)がしばしば観測されるが、その詳細な発生メカニズムは解明されていない。本研究では、あらせ衛星により観測された2つのEEPに対して、3次元グローバル電磁流体力学的(MHD)シミュレーションや放射線挙動解析コードPHITSを使った解析によりその発生メカニズムを検討した。その結果、カレントシート散乱とwave-particle散乱がEEPの初期及びサブストーム発生後に重要な役割を果たしていることが示唆された。
北川 義大; 白濱 卓馬*; 木曽原 直之; 坪井 昭彦
第96回レーザ加工学会講演論文集(インターネット), p.91 - 96, 2022/01
レーザーを用いた焼入れ処理は、短時間かつ局所的に熱処理が可能であり、冷却材を必要としない特長がある。しかし、高周波焼入れなど従来の焼入れ方法と比較し、焼入れ深さが0.5mm
0.7mmと浅く、用途が限られていた。本研究では、レーザー照射過程における材料内部の伝熱現象を数値解析にてシミュレーションすることで、より深い焼入れを得られる条件を実験的に評価した。その結果、低出力・低速度条件にて深さ方向への伝熱効果が得られ、焼入れ深さを向上できることがわかった。ただし、冷却材を使用しないことから、入熱が深くなることで冷却速度が低下し、焼入れ最深部にて必要な組織変化が得られず、硬度低下が生じた。そこで、非溶融かつ十分な冷却速度を確保するため、複数回の連続照射を実施し、最大1.4mmの焼入れ深さを達成することができた。
阿部 雄太; 土川 雄介; 甲斐 哲也; 松本 吉弘*; Parker, J. D.*; 篠原 武尚; 大石 佑治*; 加美山 隆*; 永江 勇二; 佐藤 一憲
JPS Conference Proceedings (Internet), 33, p.011075_1 - 011075_6, 2021/03
Since the hardness of fuel debris containing boride from B
C pellet in control rod is estimated to be two times higher as that of oxide, such as UO
and ZrO, distribution of such boride in the fuel debris formed in the Fukushima-Daiichi Nuclear Power Plants may affect the process of debris cutting and removal. The high neutron absorption of boron may affect the possibility of re-criticality during the process of debris removal. Therefore, boride distribution in fuel debris is regarded as an important issue to be addressed. However, boron tends to have difficult in quantification with conventionally applied methods like EPMA and XPS. In this study, accelerator-driven neutron-imaging system was applied. Since boron is the material for neutron absorption, its sensitivity in terms of neutron penetration through specimens is concerned. To adjust neutron attenuation of a specimen to suit a particular measurement by selecting the neutron energy range, we focused on the energy resolved neutron imaging system RADEN, which utilizes wide energy range from meV to keV. Development of a method to visualize boron distribution using energy-resolved neutrons has been started. In this presentation the authors show the status of the development of a method utilizing energy-resolved neutrons and provide some outcome from its application to the Core Material Melting and Relocation (CMMR)-0 and -2 specimens.
土川 雄介; 阿部 雄太; 大石 佑治*; 甲斐 哲也; 藤 暢輔; 瀬川 麻里子; 前田 亮; 木村 敦; 中村 詔司; 原田 正英; et al.
JPS Conference Proceedings (Internet), 33, p.011074_1 - 011074_6, 2021/03
福島原子力発電所の解体作業では、溶融した燃料棒に含まれるホウ素分布を事前に把握することが重要である。溶融燃料棒の模擬試験体を用意し、ホウ素やホウ化物の含有量を調査する研究が行われてきた。本研究では、その一環として中性子を用いたホウ素並びにホウ化物分布の測定技術開発を行った。ホウ素の中性子吸収に伴う即発ガンマ線を測定し、ホウ素量や二次元分布を測定した。また、n(B,
)反応における478keV線は、ホウ素の化合状態により、線ピークの幅が変化することが知られている。このことを用い、特に溶融燃料棒周辺に存在することが予測されているZrBやFeBといったホウ化物の識別可能性について調査した。測定はJ-PARC/MLFのANNRI, NOBORU, RADENにて行った。これらの解析結果について報告する。
樋口 雄紀*; 瀬戸山 大吾*; 伊勢川 和久; 土川 雄介; 松本 吉弘*; Parker, J. D.*; 篠原 武尚; 長井 康貴*
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 23(2), p.1062 - 1071, 2021/01
被引用回数：13 パーセンタイル：62.09(Chemistry, Physical)本研究は、パルス中性子源施設において行われた水と氷のイメージングに関する最初の報告である。固体高分子燃料電池(PEFC)内部の水分分布を可視化するために中性子イメージングを利用した。特に、エネルギー分解中性子イメージングは、液体の水と氷を区別することができる手法であり、氷点下の環境で動作するPEFCにおける氷の形成を調べるのに効果的である。水氷識別は、低中性子エネルギーにおいて液体の水と氷の断面積が異なることを利用した。実際のPEFC内の混相流(気体・液体・固体)の過渡的な凍結・融解現象を高い空間分解能で定量的に観測するためには、高強度で広いエネルギー範囲を持つパルス中性子ビームが最適である。本研究では、PEFCの流路を模擬して細い毛細管に封入した水を用い、パルス中性子ビームを照射して氷、液体水、過冷却水を識別し、毛細管内の水の凍結・融解現象を明らかにした。さらに、実物大の燃料電池を用いたその場観察へのステップとして、-30
Cまで冷却可能なサブゼロ環境チャンバーを製作し、大視野(300mm
300mm)での液体の水・氷分布の観察を可能にした。
阿部 雄太; 土川 雄介; 甲斐 哲也; 松本 吉弘*; Parker, J. D.*; 篠原 武尚; 大石 佑治*; 加美山 隆*; 永江 勇二; 佐藤 一憲
Proceedings of 2020 International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE 2020) (Internet), 6 Pages, 2020/08
Boron carbide is used as a neutron-absorbing material in Fukushima-Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (1F), producing borides that are twice as hard as oxides (such as UO and ZrO). The high neutron absorption of boron affects the evaluation of re-criticality during the process of debris retrieval. Therefore, it is important not only to determine the presence of boron but also to investigate the distribution of boron inside the material in a non-destructive manner during decommissioning. To address the uncertainties in the core material relocation behavior of boiling water reactor (BWR) during a severe accident (SA), solidified melt specimens of a simulated fuel assembly were prepared by plasma heating. If core material melting and relocation (CMMR) specimens can be used to estimate the B distribution in 1F Unit-3, that will provide valuable information in the decommissioning of 1F. To address this, the authors focused on the energy-resolved neutron imaging system, RADEN, which utilizes a wide energy range, from meV to keV. This is an innovative three-dimensional analysis technology for boride distribution that affects the evaluation of hardness and re-criticality. In the calibration standard samples (Zr
B
and FeB), there was a good correlation between boron concentration and the energy-dependence of the cross sections of cold and epi-thermal neutrons. In the CMMR specimens, boron distribution was confirmed from the contrast difference between cold and epi-thermal neutrons. In the future, the results of calibration standard samples will be applied to the results of CMMR specimens. With this method, three-dimensional boron distribution will be measured, and the understanding of boride distribution 1F Unit-3 will be improved, which may be reflected in an improved SA code.
Parker, J. D.*; 原田 正英; 林田 洋寿*; 廣井 孝介; 甲斐 哲也; 松本 吉弘*; 中谷 健; 及川 健一; 瀬川 麻里子; 篠原 武尚; et al.
Materials Research Proceedings, Vol.15, p.102 - 107, 2020/05
At the RADEN instrument, we take advantage of the accurate measurement of neutron energy by time-of-flight to perform energy-resolved neutron imaging using event-type neutron imaging detectors. We are continually working to improve these detectors for better spatial resolution and shorter measurement times and, as a user facility, to improve the ease-of-use of their control and analysis software. In particular, we are actively developing a 
He-based gaseous micropattern detector known as the Micro-pixel chamber based Neutron Imaging Detector (
NID). We have recently redesigned the NID control software to allow full integration into the automated experiment control system at RADEN, and we are carrying out optimization of the analysis algorithms for improved image quality and rate performance.
篠原 武尚; 甲斐 哲也; 及川 健一; 中谷 健; 瀬川 麻里子; 廣井 孝介; Su, Y. H.; 大井 元貴; 原田 正英; 飯倉 寛; et al.
Review of Scientific Instruments, 91(4), p.043302_1 - 043302_20, 2020/04
被引用回数：77 パーセンタイル：97.23(Instruments & Instrumentation)The energy-resolved neutron imaging system, RADEN, has been installed at the pulsed neutron source in the Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility of the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex. In addition to conventional neutron radiography and tomography, RADEN, the world's first imaging beam-line at a pulsed neutron source, provides three main options for new, quantitative neutron imaging techniques: Bragg-edge imaging to visualize the spatial distribution of crystallographic information, resonance absorption imaging for elemental composition and temperature information, and polarized neutron imaging for magnetic field information. This paper describes the results of characterization studies of the neutronic performance and installed devices at RADEN and shows the results of several demonstration studies for pulsed neutron imaging.
甲斐 哲也; 篠原 武尚; 松本 吉弘*
検査技術, 25(2), p.1 - 5, 2020/02
J-PARC物質・生命科学実験施設に設置されたエネルギー分析型中性子イメージング装置RADENは、エネルギー分析を行わない中性子ラジオグラフィ/トモグラフィの利用でも相応の役割を果たしている。本稿では、検査技術の一つとしての検討材料を提供するため、これまでにRADENで中性子ラジオグラフィ/トモグラフィの利用で得られた成果について紹介する。
