Effect of starch retrogradation on molecular dynamics of cooked rice by quasi-elastic neutron scattering

Hirata, Yoshinobu*; Nakagawa, Hiroshi; Yamauchi, Hiroki; Kaneko, Koji; Hagihara, Masato; Yamaguchi, Hideyuki*; Omoto, Chie*; Katsuno, Nakako*; Imaizumi, Teppei*; Nishizu, Takahisa*

Food Hydrocolloids, 141, p.108728_1 - 108728_7, 2023/08

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108728

Crystallinity is reflected in the mechanical properties of foods and materials. Crystallinity should be related to the structural dynamics of starch. In this study, we used quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS) to investigate changes in the molecular dynamics of cooked rice starch during retrogradation. The width of the measured QENS narrowed with retrogradation. The elastic incoherent structure factor (EISF) increased, which indicated that the molecular dynamics are spatially suppressed upon retrogradation. Analysis of EISF with a bimodal continuous diffusion model, where low and high mobilities are assumed to correspond to crystalline and amorphous phases, respectively, showed that the fraction of the low-mobility component increases with retrogradation.

Interim activity status report of "the group for investigation of reasonable safety assurance based on graded approach" (from September, 2019 to September, 2020)

Yonomoto, Taisuke; Nakashima, Hiroshi*; Sono, Hiroki; Kishimoto, Katsumi; Izawa, Kazuhiko; Kinase, Masami; Osa, Akihiko; Ogawa, Kazuhiko; Horiguchi, Hironori; Inoi, Hiroyuki; et al.

JAEA-Review 2020-056, 51 Pages, 2021/03

JAEA-Review-2020-056.pdf:3.26MB

A group named as "The group for investigation of reasonable safety assurance based on graded approach", which consists of about 10 staffs from Sector of Nuclear Science Research, Safety and Nuclear Security Administration Department, departments for management of nuclear facility, Sector of Nuclear Safety Research and Emergency Preparedness, aims to realize effective graded approach (GA) about management of facilities and regulatory compliance of JAEA. The group started its activities in September, 2019 and has had discussions through 10 meetings and email communications. In the meetings, basic ideas of GA, status of compliance with new regulatory standards at each facility, new inspection system, etc were discussed, while individual investigation at each facility were shared among the members. This report is compiled with expectation that it will help promote rational and effective safety management based on GA by sharing contents of the activity widely inside and outside JAEA.

Development of lithium target system in engineering validation and engineering design activity of the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility (IFMIF/EVEDA)

Wakai, Eiichi; Kondo, Hiroo; Sugimoto, Masayoshi; Fukada, Satoshi*; Yagi, Juro*; Ida, Mizuho; Kanemura, Takuji; Furukawa, Tomohiro; Hirakawa, Yasushi; Watanabe, Kazuyoshi; et al.

Purazuma, Kaku Yugo Gakkai-Shi, 88(12), p.691 - 705, 2012/12

AA2012-1008.pdf:2.42MB

no abstracts in English

Measurement of neutron cross sections for yttrium and terbium at 287 MeV

Sekimoto, Shun*; Utsunomiya, Takashi*; Yashima, Hiroshi*; Ninomiya, Kazuhiko*; Omoto, Takashi*; Nakagaki, Reiko*; Shima, Tatsushi*; Takahashi, Naruto*; Shinohara, Atsushi*; Kinoshita, Norikazu*; et al.

Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology (Internet), 1, p.89 - 93, 2011/02

https://doi.org/10.15669/pnst.1.89

In this work, we tried to determine reaction cross sections for Y and Tb induced by neutrons at 300 MeV, which have never been reported. The irradiations were carried out using neutrons produced through Li(p, n) reaction at N0 beam line in the Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP), Osaka University. To estimate quasi-monoenergetic neutron induced cross sections, the target stacks of Y and Tb were irradiated on the two angles of 0 degree and 30 degree for the axis of the primary proton beam. Neutron cross sections were estimated by subtracting the activities produced in the samples placed on 30 degree from those of 0 degree to correct the contribution of the low energy tail in the neutron spectrum.

Recent progress in the energy recovery linac project in Japan

Sakanaka, Shogo*; Akemoto, Mitsuo*; Aoto, Tomohiro*; Arakawa, Dai*; Asaoka, Seiji*; Enomoto, Atsushi*; Fukuda, Shigeki*; Furukawa, Kazuro*; Furuya, Takaaki*; Haga, Kaiichi*; et al.

Proceedings of 1st International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC '10) (Internet), p.2338 - 2340, 2010/05

http://accelconf.web.cern.ch/AccelConf/IPAC10/papers/tupe091.pdf

Future synchrotron light source using a 5-GeV energy recovery linac (ERL) is under proposal by our Japanese collaboration team, and we are conducting R&D efforts for that. We are developing high-brightness DC photocathode guns, two types of cryomodules for both injector and main superconducting (SC) linacs, and 1.3 GHz high CW-power RF sources. We are also constructing the Compact ERL (cERL) for demonstrating the recirculation of low-emittance, high-current beams using above-mentioned critical technologies.

New utilization and promotion of RI

Enomoto, Shuichi*; Kawamura, Hiroshi; Shirakawa, Yoshiyuki*; Nakanishi, Tomoko*; Nakamura, Kayoko*; Yano, Tsuneo*; Ido, Tatsuo*; Shibata, Tokushi

Isotope News, (657), p.2 - 11, 2009/01

http://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/10023989755

The view of the future and the necessity of the system construction such as supply systems were shown about production of the medical diagnostics Mo and the silicon semiconductor on JMTR.

Radiation-induced reaction of sulfonamide-containing polymers in the film state for color imaging

Maekawa, Yasunari; Kato, Jun*; Katakai, Masashi*; Ishihara, Masaaki*; Enomoto, Kazuyuki; Hagiwara, Tokio*; Ishii, Tatsuhito*; Ito, Kazuo*; Koshikawa, Hiroshi; Yoshida, Masaru

Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics, 209(6), p.625 - 633, 2008/03

https://doi.org/10.1002/macp.200700446

A polysulfonamide and copolymers consisting of sulfonamides and amides underwent Fries rearrangement and scission, forming amino groups upon EB irradiation. The EB irradiation of these films with a dose of 500 C/cm followed by the color forming reaction provided the color imaging of line/space patterns with resolution of 300 nm.

"Crystal lattice engineering", an approach to engineer protein crystal contacts by creating intermolecular symmetry; Crystallization and structure determination of a mutant human RNase 1 with a hydrophobic interface of leucines

Yamada, Hidenori*; Tamada, Taro; Kosaka, Megumi*; Miyata, Kohei*; Fujiki, Shinya*; Tano, Masaru*; Moriya, Masayuki*; Yamanishi, Mamoru*; Honjo, Eijiro; Tada, Horiko*; et al.

Protein Science, 16(7), p.1389 - 1397, 2007/07

https://doi.org/10.1110/ps.072851407

In an attempt to control protein incorporation in a crystal lattice, a leucine zipper-like hydrophobic interface (comprising four leucine residues) was introduced into a helical region (helix 2) of the human pancreatic ribonuclease 1 (RNase 1) that was predicted to form a suitable crystallization interface. Although crystallization of wild type RNase 1 has not yet been reported, the RNase 1 mutant having four leucines (4L-RNase 1) was successfully crystallized under several different conditions. The crystal structures were subsequently determined by X-ray crystallography by molecular replacement using the structure of bovine RNase A. The overall structure of 4L-RNase 1 is quite similar to that of the bovine RNase A, and the introduced leucine residues formed the designed crystal interface. To further characterize the role of the introduced leucine residues in crystallization of RNase 1, the number of leucines was reduced to three or two (3L- and 2L-RNase 1, respectively). Both mutants crystallized and a similar hydrophobic interface as in 4L-RNase 1 was observed. A related approach to engineer crystal contacts at helix 3 of RNase 1 (N4L-RNase 1) was also evaluated. N4L-RNase 1 also successfully crystallized, and formed the expected hydrophobic packing interface. These results suggest that appropriate introduction of a leucine zipper-like hydrophobic interface can promote intra molecular symmetry for more efficient protein crystallization in crystal lattice engineering efforts.

-rays radiation-induced homopolymerization of trifluorovinyl heptafluoropropyl ether

Narita, Tadashi*; Enomoto, Kazuyuki*; Maekawa, Yasunari; Yoshida, Masaru; Ichikawa, Mitsuru*; Hamana, Hiroshi*

Journal of Fluorine Chemistry, 128(1), p.52 - 54, 2007/01

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluchem.2006.08.009

Perfluorinated polymers have expected to be the key materials for fuel cell membranes owing to the high chemical stability, thermo-durability and optical property. However, a homopolymer of FVPE has never yielded under usual polymerization conditions and alternating copolymers with several non-fluorinated vinyl monomers have only been reported. Thus, using radiation-induced polymerization, in which initiating species (radicals) can be continuously produced, the polymerization of trifluorovinyl heptafluoropropyl ether (FVPE) was examined to afford high molecular weight polymers of FVPE. The formation of FVPE homopolymers was confirmed by NMR and IR spectroscopy.

Characteristics of severe accidents of Reduced-Moderation Water Reactor (RMWR)

Yonomoto, Taisuke; Akie, Hiroshi; Kobayashi, Noboru; Okubo, Tsutomu; Uchikawa, Sadao; Iwamura, Takamichi

Proceedings of 6th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics, Operations and Safety (NUTHOS-6) (CD-ROM), 11 Pages, 2004/10

Reduced-Moderation Water Reactor (RMWR) is a light-water cooled high-conversion reactor that is being developed by JAERI with collaboration from the Japanese industries. Since RMWR utilizes the highly enriched plutonium, the safety concern for RMWR includes the possibility of recriticality during severe accidents as is the case with the liquid metal cooled fast breeder reactor. In order to clarify this concern, characteristics of severe accidents of RMWR are analyzed in this study. The results obtained so far indicate that (1) the mechanical impact of recriticality in the core, if occurs, is supposed to be insignificant due to the absence of water, (2) the mixture of the fuel and cladding debris in the lower plenum does not cause recriticality when they are well mixed and distributed flatly, and (3) if requires, the installation of neutron-absorption material with realistic geometry can effectively prevent recriticality in the lower plenum even for the conservatively-assumed spherical accumulation of core debris.