Development of nondestructive elemental analysis system for Hayabusa2 samples using muonic X-rays

Osawa, Takahito; Nagasawa, Shunsaku*; Ninomiya, Kazuhiko*; Takahashi, Tadayuki*; Nakamura, Tomoki*; Wada, Taiga*; Taniguchi, Akihiro*; Umegaki, Izumi*; Kubo, Kenya*; Terada, Kentaro*; et al.

ACS Earth and Space Chemistry (Internet), 7(4), p.699 - 711, 2023/04

https://doi.org/10.1021/acsearthspacechem.2c00303

The concentrations of carbon and other major elements in asteroid samples provide very important information on the birth of life on the Earth and the solar-system evolution. Elemental analysis using muonic X-rays is one of the best analytical methods to determine the elemental composition of solid materials, and notably, is the only method to determine the concentration of light elements in bulk samples in a non-destructive manner. We developed a new analysis system using muonic X-rays to measure the concentrations of carbon and other major elements in precious and expectedly tiny samples recovered from the asteroid Ryugu by spacecraft Hayabusa2. Here we report the development process of the system in 4 stages and their system configurations, The analysis system is composed of a stainless-steel analysis chamber, an acrylic glove box for manipulating asteroid samples in a clean environment, and Ge semiconductor detectors arranged to surround the analysis chamber. The performance of the analysis system, including the background level, which is crucial for the measurement, was greatly improved from the first stage to the later ones. Our feasibility study showed that the latest model of our muonic X-ray analysis system is capable of determining the carbon concentration in Hayabusa2's sample model with an uncertainty of less than 10 percent in a 6-day measurement.

Nodal lines and boundary modes in topological Dirac semimetals with magnetism

Araki, Yasufumi; Watanabe, Jin*; Nomura, Kentaro*

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 90(9), p.094702_1 - 094702_9, 2021/09

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.90.094702

While nodal-line semimetals with magnetism have been theoretically predicted and experimentally observed in a few compounds, idea on the relation between the magnetic order and the electronic structure is still limited. We theoretically explore the electronic structure in bulk and boundary of such a magnetic nodal-line state by introducing magnetism in topological Dirac semimetal (TDSM). TDSMs, such as and ,are characterized by a pair of spin-degenerate Dirac points protected by rotational symmetries of crystals. By introducing local magnetic moments coupled to the electron spins in the lattice model of TDSM, we show that the TDSM can turn into either a Weyl semimetal or a nodal-line semimetal, which is determined by the orbital dependence in the exchange coupling and the direction of magnetization formed by the magnetic moments. In this magnetic nodal-line semimetal state, we find zero modes with drumhead-like band structure at the boundary that are characterized by the topological number of . Those zero modes are numerically demonstrated by introducing magnetic domain walls in the lattice model.

Long-range spin transport on the surface of topological Dirac semimetal

Araki, Yasufumi; Misawa, Takahiro*; Nomura, Kentaro*

Physical Review Research (Internet), 3(2), p.023219_1 - 023219_15, 2021/06

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.3.023219

We theoretically propose the long-range spin transport mediated by the gapless surface states of topological Dirac semimetal (TDSM). Low-dissipation spin current is a building block of next-generation spintronics devices. While conduction electrons in metals and spin waves in ferromagnetic insulators (FMIs) are the major carriers of spin current, their propagation length is inevitably limited due to the Joule heating or the Gilbert damping. In order to suppress dissipation and realize long-range spin transport, we here make use of the spin-helical surface states of TDSMs, such as CdAs and NaBi, which are robust against disorder. Based on a junction of two FMIs connected by a TDSM, we demonstrate that the magnetization dynamics in one FMI induces a spin current on the TDSM surface flowing to the other FMI. By both the analytical transport theory on the surface and the numerical simulation of real-time evolution in the bulk, we find that the induced spin current takes a universal semi-quantized value that is insensitive to the microscopic coupling structure between the FMI and the TDSM. We show that this surface spin current is robust against disorder over a long range, which indicates that the TDSM surface serves as a promising system for realizing spintronics devices.

Optimization of mechanical properties in aluminum alloys hydrogen partitioning control

Toda, Hiroyuki*; Yamaguchi, Masatake; Matsuda, Kenji*; Shimizu, Kazuyuki*; Hirayama, Kyosuke*; Su, H.*; Fujihara, Hiro*; Ebihara, Kenichi; Itakura, Mitsuhiro; Tsuru, Tomohito; et al.

Tetsu To Hagane, 105(2), p.240 - 253, 2019/02

https://doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane.TETSU-2018-083

no abstracts in English

Cs concentrations in foliose lichens within Tsukuba-city as a reflection of radioactive fallout from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident

Omura, Yoshihito*; Matsukura, Kimiyo*; Abe, Junichi*; Hosaka, Kentaro*; Tamaoki, Masanori*; Dohi, Terumi; Kakishima, Makoto*; Seaward, M. R. D.*

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 141, p.38 - 43, 2015/03

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.11.014

Cs concentrations in ten species of foliose lichens collected within Tsukuba-city in August 2013 ranged from 1.7 to 35 kBq/kg. The relationships between Cs in two dominant species, Dirinaria applanata and Physcia orientalis, and the air dose rate (Sv/h) at the sampling sites were investigated. Cs in P. orientalis measured about 1 year after the Fukushima nuclear accident was correlated (r=0.80) more closely with the air dose rate than those measured after about 2 years (r=0.65), possibly demonstrating its continued value as a biomonitor to reflect ambient fall-out levels. In contrast, those of Dirinaria applanata were not correlated with the air dose rate in either year.

Thermochronological study of the dip-slip displacement and timing of initiation of the Atera fault

Yamada, Kunimi; Yasue, Kenichi; Iwano, Hideki*; Yamada, Ryuji*; Umeda, Koji; Omura, Kentaro*

Chishitsugaku Zasshi, 118(7), p.437 - 448, 2012/07

https://doi.org/10.5575/geosoc.2012.0015

Fission-track analyses for samples corrected from around the Atera fault indicated 2 conclusions. The dip-slip displacement of the Atera fault after Cretaceous is about 1 km. It is similar to the displacement of basement rocks or topography across the fault. These are consistent with previous studies that indicated the present Atera fault activity began after late Pliocene. The fracture zone along the fault was widely heated at about 20 Ma. It indicates that the fracture zone existed at the time and perhaps the paleo fault activity has already begun.

Magnetic order in electron system on Kagome lattice

Watanabe, Jin*; Araki, Yasufumi; Nomura, Kentaro*

no journal, , 

no abstracts in English

Development of the method of fuel ratio measurement with neutron measurement planned on ITER experiments

Okada, Koichi; Kondo, Keitaro; Ochiai, Kentaro; Sato, Satoshi; Konno, Chikara; Nishitani, Takeo; Nomura, Ken*; Okamoto, Atsushi*; Kitajima, Sumio*; Sasao, Mamiko*

no journal, , 

no abstracts in English

Thermochronological study of the dip-slip displacement and timing of initiation of the Atera fault

Yamada, Kunimi; Yasue, Kenichi; Iwano, Hideki*; Yamada, Ryuji*; Umeda, Koji; Omura, Kentaro*

no journal, , 

http://www2.jpgu.org/meeting/2012/html5/PDF/S-GL43/SGL43-P07.pdf

no abstracts in English

Dissipative spin pumping into two-dimensional quantum spin Hall insulator

Araki, Yasufumi; Misawa, Takahiro*; Nomura, Kentaro*

no journal, ,