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Journal Articles

Visualizing cation vacancies in Ce:Gd$$_{3}$$Al$$_{2}$$Ga$$_{3}$$O$$_{12}$$ scintillators by gamma-ray-induced positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy

Fujimori, Kosuke*; Kitaura, Mamoru*; Taira, Yoshitaka*; Fujimoto, Masaki*; Zen, H.*; Watanabe, Shinta*; Kamada, Kei*; Okano, Yasuaki*; Kato, Masahiro*; Hosaka, Masahito*; et al.

Applied Physics Express, 13(8), p.085505_1 - 085505_4, 2020/08

 Times Cited Count:4 Percentile:27.19(Physics, Applied)

To clarify the existence of cation vacancies in Ce-doped Gd$$_{3}$$Al$$_{2}$$Ga$$_{3}$$O$$_{12}$$ (Ce:GAGG) scintillators, we performed gamma-ray-induced positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (GiPALS). GiPAL spectra of GAGG and Ce:GAGG comprised two exponential decay components, which were assigned to positron annihilation at bulk and defect states. By an analogy with Ce:Y$$_{3}$$Al$$_{5}$$O$$_{12}$$, the defect-related component was attributed to Al/Ga-O divacancy complexes. This component was weaker for Ce, Mg:GAGG, which correlated with the suppression of shallow electron traps responsible for phosphorescence. Oxygen vacancies were charge compensators for Al/Ga vacancies. The lifetime of the defect-related component was significantly changed by Mg co-doping. This was understood by considering aggregates of Mg$$^{2+}$$ ions at Al/Ga sites with oxygen vacancies, which resulted in the formation of vacancy clusters.

Oral presentation

Vacancy-type defects in garnet crystals revealed by gamma-ray-induced positron annihilation spectroscopy

Kitaura, Mamoru*; Fujimori, Kosuke*; Taira, Yoshitaka*; Fujimoto, Masaki*; Zen, H.*; Hirade, Tetsuya; Kamada, Kei*; Watanabe, Shinta*; Onishi, Akimasa*

no journal, , 

Positron annihilation spectroscopy is the only way to investigate the properties of cation vacancies because they are negatively charged. We generated high-energy pulsed gamma rays by the vertical collision of an ultrashort pulse laser and electron beam. In this study, we investigated the vacancy-type defects present in the crystals of GAGG(Gd$$_{3}$$Al$$_{2}$$Ga$$_{3}$$O$$_{12}$$), GAGG: Ce and GAGG: Ce, Mg by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy using the high-energy gamma rays. The lifetime of the defect-related component was significantly changed by Mg co-doping. This was understood by considering aggregates of Mg$$^{2+}$$ ions at Al/Ga sites with oxygen vacancies, which resulted in the formation of vacancy clusters.

Oral presentation

Origin of phosphorescence in Ce:Gd$$_{3}$$Al$$_{2}$$Ga$$_{3}$$O$$_{12}$$ crystals revealed by gamma-ray induced positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy

Fujimori, Kosuke*; Kitaura, Mamoru*; Taira, Yoshitaka*; Fujimoto, Masaki*; Zen, H.*; Hirade, Tetsuya; Kamada, Kei*; Watanabe, Shinta*; Onishi, Akimasa*

no journal, , 

We generated high-energy pulsed gamma rays by the vertical collision of an ultrashort pulse laser and electron beam. In this study, we investigated the vacancy-type defects present in the crystals of GAGG(Gd$$_{3}$$Al$$_{2}$$Ga$$_{3}$$O$$_{12}$$), GAGG: Ce and GAGG: Ce, Mg by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy using the high-energy gamma rays. The lifetime of the defect-related component was significantly changed by Mg co-doping. This indicates that the Al/Ga vacancies disappear. This fact corresponds well with the suppression of the phosphorescence component and is an important result showing that the Mg co-doping is effective in suppressing the shallow electron capture center.

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