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Journal Articles

Public acceptance of nuclear waste disposal sites; A Decision-making process utilising the "veil of ignorance" concept

Yokoyama, Miki*; Onuma, Susumu*; Osawa, Hideaki; Otomo, Shoji*; Hirose, Yukio*

Humanities & Social Sciences Communications (Internet), 10(1), p.623_1 - 623_10, 2023/09

This study demonstrates that a decision-making process utilising "the veil of ignorance" concept, defined in process terms as beginning from a blank slate encompassing the entire country as potential sites and shortlisting candidate sites based on scientific (geological) safety, promotes public acceptance of siting a repository for the geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste and fosters procedural fairness.

Journal Articles

Effects of management strategy and of site selection process for high-level radioactive waste disposal on acceptance of siting repository in a Germany case

Osawa, Hideaki; Hirose, Yukio*; Otomo, Shoji*; Onuma, Susumu*

Nihon Risuku Kenkyu Gakkai-Shi (Internet), 31(3), p.235 - 247, 2022/03

This study examined effects of a management policy and of site selection process for high-level radioactive waste disposal on acceptance of siting repository in a German case. Data from 1,000 German residents, assigned by population composition ratio of 16 states, were collected in 2018 by internet survey. We assumed three steps of acceptance: management policy, site selection process, and siting repository. We also hypothesized national consensus of the former two steps were relevant factors on the acceptances. Results indicated that national consensus of site selection process directly had an effect on acceptance of siting repository, while acceptance and national consensus of management policy had an effect on national consensus of site selection process. In addition, acceptances of management policy and site selection process had effects on procedural and interpersonal fairness, while national consensus of management policy and site selection process as well as acceptance of site selection had effects on distributive fairness.

Journal Articles

The Framing effects of compensation and taboo trade-offs on acceptance of NIMBY Facility; A Scenario experiment of high level radioactive waste geological repository

Iino, Mari*; Onuma, Susumu*; Hirose, Yukio*; Osawa, Hideaki; Otomo, Shoji*

Nihon Risuku Kenkyu Gakkai-Shi, 29(2), p.95 - 102, 2019/10

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of compensation framing on acceptance of a high level radioactive waste (HLW) geological repository. The results demonstrated that there were no main effects of condition, which suggested that the framing of compensation had no significant impact on acceptance of a HLW geological repository.

Journal Articles

Effects of trust and procedural fairness on public acceptance of siting a repository for high-level radioactive waste

Osawa, Hideaki; Otomo, Shoji*; Hirose, Yukio*; Onuma, Susumu*

Ningen Kankyogaku Kenkyu, 17(1), p.59 - 64, 2019/06

This study examined the determinants of public acceptance of siting a repository for High-level radioactive waste (HLW), focusing on procedural fairness and trust. To examine the presumption, the study implemented a hypothetical scenario experiment that manipulated two factors: an opportunity of voice as an antecedent of procedural fairness and similarity value to the authority as a component of trust. Results indicated that affective reaction, procedural fairness, and trust determined public acceptance. A process analysis indicated that the effect of procedural fairness was strengthened when the trust on similarity was negative.

Journal Articles

Decision-making process on selection of management policy for high-level radioactive waste; As an example of Switzerland and United Kingdom

Osawa, Hideaki; Hirose, Yukio*; Onuma, Susumu*; Otomo, Shoji*

Shakai Anzengaku Kenkyu, 9, p.145 - 160, 2019/03

We compared decision-making process on selection of management policy for high-level radioactive waste between Switzerland and UK by document review. The decision-making was performed extraction of options, establishment of comparative criteria, assessment and selection of options in turn. As comparative criteria, safety and intergenerational fairness etc. were considered to be important. The position of 'Deal with it now by waste disposal' emphasizing the responsibility of the present generation had a trade-off relation with that of 'Leave it until later by long-term storage' emphasizing the rights of future generations. The sense of values, recusing HLW repository as so-called troublesome facility against future and present generation, appeared to be mitigated through the consideration of trade-off relation described above. As a result, both countries have chosen waste disposal considering reversibility of decisions and retrievability of radioactive waste.

Journal Articles

Decision-making process on site selection for the deep geological repository of high-level radioactive waste; As an example of Switzerland and United Kingdom

Osawa, Hideaki; Hirose, Yukio*; Onuma, Susumu*; Otomo, Shoji*

Shakai Anzengaku Kenkyu, 9, p.161 - 176, 2019/03

We compared site selection process by a voluntarism and partnership approach in UK, and that by screening based primarily on technical criteria with the main emphasis on safety in Switzerland, by document review. The voluntarism and partnership approach in UK is based on the ethical consideration that fairness in siting facilities could only be achieved by the enhancement of well-being and public acceptability based on a willingness to participate and a right to withdraw from a siting process. On the other hand, it could be interpreted that the screening approach with the main emphasis on safety in Switzerland would be based on the concept of the ignorance of veil, hypothesized that people would accept the decision if they consent the decision way beforehand under condition everyone could be involved in as a potential interest party.

Journal Articles

Can the decision way by the "veil of ignorance" promote public acceptance?; A Hypothetical scenario survey about selecting a candidate site for geological disposal of high level radioactive waste in Japan

Onuma, Susumu*; Hirose, Yukio*; Osawa, Hideaki; Otomo, Shoji*; Yokoyama, Miki*

Nihon Risuku Kenkyu Gakkai Dai-31-Kai Nenji Taikai Koen Rombunshu (USB Flash Drive), 6 Pages, 2018/11

One reason of not being decided a candidate site for geological disposal of high level radioactive waste is that strong opposition occurs once a name of the place where residents live even if they can understand the necessity of the facility. Therefore, we hypothesized that people would accept the decision if they consent the decision way beforehand under the condition everyone can be involved in as a potential interest party (the ignorance of veil). A hypothetical scenario survey was conducted in Japan. The results revealed that the decision way and the decision under the ignorance of veil were likely to be accepted more than the current decision way even if they became candidate site. Moreover, the decision way under the ignorance of veil was evaluated higher procedural fairness, while the current way was low procedural fairness.

Journal Articles

Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF) at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex, 2; Neutron scattering instruments

Nakajima, Kenji; Kawakita, Yukinobu; Ito, Shinichi*; Abe, Jun*; Aizawa, Kazuya; Aoki, Hiroyuki; Endo, Hitoshi*; Fujita, Masaki*; Funakoshi, Kenichi*; Gong, W.*; et al.

Quantum Beam Science (Internet), 1(3), p.9_1 - 9_59, 2017/12

The neutron instruments suite, installed at the spallation neutron source of the Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF) at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC), is reviewed. MLF has 23 neutron beam ports and 21 instruments are in operation for user programs or are under commissioning. A unique and challenging instrumental suite in MLF has been realized via combination of a high-performance neutron source, optimized for neutron scattering, and unique instruments using cutting-edge technologies. All instruments are/will serve in world-leading investigations in a broad range of fields, from fundamental physics to industrial applications. In this review, overviews, characteristic features, and typical applications of the individual instruments are mentioned.

Journal Articles

Determinants of public acceptance on siting a geological disposal facility for high-level radioactive waste in France

Osawa, Hideaki; Otomo, Shoji*; Onuma, Susumu*; Hirose, Yukio*

Shakai Gijutsu Kenkyu Rombunshu, 13, p.86 - 95, 2016/05

This study examined determinants of public acceptance regarding siting a geological disposal facility for high-level radioactive waste (HLW) in France, where a candidate site has been selected following on a variety of public involvement activities. Data from 886 French residents were collected in 2014 by an internet survey that was performed near a district that is a candidate for a HLW repository and in an outlying region away from the candidate site. Results indicate that procedural fairness, intergenerational subjective norm, public benefit and personal benefit were significant factors for public acceptance in dealing with the NIMBY issue in addition to factors such as trust, risk perception and stigma, dealt with in previous research on risk analysis. Furthermore, personal benefit and affect had stronger impact on the acceptance than public benefit, procedural fairness and intergenerational subjective norm.

Journal Articles

True Boundary for the formation of homoleptic transition-metal hydride complexes

Takagi, Shigeyuki*; Iijima, Yuki*; Sato, Toyoto*; Saito, Hiroyuki; Ikeda, Kazutaka*; Otomo, Toshiya*; Miwa, Kazutoshi*; Ikeshoji, Tamio*; Aoki, Katsutoshi*; Orimo, Shinichi*

Angewandte Chemie; International Edition, 54(19), p.5650 - 5653, 2015/05

 Times Cited Count:30 Percentile:67.58(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)

Journal Articles

The Impacts of Fukushima nuclear accident on public acceptance of geological disposal of high level radioactive waste

Otomo, Shoji*; Osawa, Hideaki; Hirose, Yukio*; Onuma, Susumu*

Nihon Risuku Kenkyu Gakkai-Shi, 24(1), p.49 - 59, 2014/07

This study examined the impacts of the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant accident on the public acceptance of siting a disposal facility of high level radioactive waste (HLW). 1930 Japanese people completed longitudinal internet surveys that were measured before the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant accident (in February, 2011) and after the accident (in February, 2012). Results indicated that the level of public acceptance of investigation for siting of geological disposal facility was decreased after the accident. Intergenerational subjective norm, social benefit and procedural fairness determined public acceptance consistently before and after the accident. Moreover, the perceptions of stigma and intergenerational subjective norm were altered dramatically after the accident. Our results show that the Fukushima nuclear accident reminds people of ethical problems of acceptance of geological disposal facility of HLW.

Journal Articles

Faireness on decision-making process of management policy for high-level radioactive waste and siting of repository in France

Osawa, Hideaki; Hirose, Yukio*; Onuma, Susumu*; Otomo, Shoji*

Shakai Anzengaku Kenkyu, 4, p.51 - 76, 2014/03

The purpose of our study is to estimate procedural fairness and distributive fairness of decision-making process of high-level waste management policy and siting in France. We conducted normative analysis by document review and interview survey with CILS members, a sociologist participated in the public dibate on HLW management policy in 2005 by CNDP, and staffs in ANDRA which is the implementer of HLW management in France. The results show that prior clarification when and how decision-making of HLW management policy and siting will be carried out in the step-wise approach is important to enhance the legitimacy of the process. With regard to distributive farireness between intergeneration, it is important to carefully consider responsibility of current generation and decision right of future generation in terms of equity and equality in the fair decision-making process, because decision of HLW management policy might depend on concept of distributive fairness between intergeneration. It is necessary to carefully debate in the in the fair decision-making process of both distributive fairness of negative legacy between interregionals and economical distributive fairness, because they are inextricably linked together.

Journal Articles

Visibility estimation for neutron resonance absorption radiography using a pulsed neutron source

Kai, Tetsuya; Maekawa, Fujio; Oshita, Hidetoshi*; Sato, Hirotaka; Shinohara, Takenao; Oi, Motoki; Harada, Masahide; Uno, Shoji*; Otomo, Toshiya*; Kamiyama, Takashi*; et al.

Physics Procedia, 43, p.111 - 120, 2013/00

 Times Cited Count:17 Percentile:98.1

A neutron imaging instrument is in construction at the pulsed neutron source of J-PARC. Some demonstration experiments in NOBORU/J-PARC have carried. To explore widespread applications of the newly built instruments it is indispensable to indicate the range of coverage of this technique. In the presentation, the authors describe the results of some of demonstration measurements, and then compare all elements with the values obtained by multiplying peak cross section and peak widths of neutron resonances in evaluated nuclear data libraries. This value is expected to be a good measure to exhibit visibility of each element in this technique.

Oral presentation

Determinants of public acceptance on waste disposal of HLW, 2; Change of average value on main factor between before and after the accident of the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant

Osawa, Hideaki; Otomo, Shoji*; Hirose, Yukio*; Onuma, Susumu*

no journal, , 

This paper discusses the change of determinants of public acceptance on HLW waste disposal before and after the accident of the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant.

Oral presentation

Determinants of public acceptance on waste disposal of HLW, 1; Influence of stigma and intergenerational subjective norm

Otomo, Shoji*; Osawa, Hideaki; Hirose, Yukio*; Onuma, Susumu*

no journal, , 

This paper discusses the determinants of public acceptance on waste disposal of HLW, including stigma and intergenerational subjective norm.

Oral presentation

The Impacts of Fukushima nuclear accident on public acceptance of geological disposal of high level radioactive waste

Otomo, Shoji*; Osawa, Hideaki; Hirose, Yukio*; Onuma, Susumu*

no journal, , 

The siting of nuclear waste facilities is very difficult. The Fukushima nuclear accident may increase the difficulty. The accident was a serious incident that destroyed the trust of Japanese nuclear politics. This study explored the impacts of the accident on the public acceptance of siting a facility of high level radioactive waste. The level of public acceptance of investigation for siting of geological disposal was decreased after the accident. Affective reaction, risk perception and trust of geological disposal became more negative. Moreover, the accident reinforced concerns about social stigma and intergenerational subjective norm. The perceptions of social benefit and procedural fairness were harmed after the accident. Furthermore, multi-modeling analysis before and after the accident showed the effect of trust was weakened and the effect of affective reaction was strengthened. And, previous acceptance of siting investigation of geological disposal had little impact on the post accident acceptance. Thus, general perceptions of siting facility of HLW were changed after the accident.

Oral presentation

Determinants on public acceptance in order to site a facility for high-level radioactive waste in France

Osawa, Hideaki; Hirose, Yukio*; Otomo, Shoji*; Onuma, Susumu*

no journal, , 

We conducted internet survey to examine determinants on the public acceptance of siting a repository of HLW in France in and around Meuse/Haute-Marne district where is a candidate site for repository of HLW in France. Results showed that public acceptance was determined by risk perception, social/personal benefit, and procedural fairness pertaining to geological disposal. Affective reaction and trust directly and indirectly determined other factors and public acceptance. Furthermore, stigma and intergeneration subjective norm were particularly significant factors for public acceptance.

Oral presentation

Intergenerational and interregional justice for policy acceptance of geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste; A Case study in France

Onuma, Susumu*; Hirose, Yukio*; Osawa, Hideaki; Otomo, Shoji*

no journal, , 

We conducted an internet survey to examine determinants on the policy acceptance of geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste in France. The results showed that distributive justice (intergenerational and interregional justice) had a stronger effect on the policy acceptance than risk perception and affects. In addition, procedural justice, particularly opportunity of voice, was also significant effect on the policy acceptance.

Oral presentation

Determinants of public acceptance on waste disposal facility of high-level radioactive waste in France

Osawa, Hideaki; Otomo, Shoji*; Onuma, Susumu*; Hirose, Yukio*

no journal, , 

This paper discusses the determinants of public acceptance on waste disposal facility of HLW, including stigma and intergenerational subjective norm.

Oral presentation

Determinants on public acceptance of siting a facility for high-level radioactive waste in the UK

Onuma, Susumu*; Hirose, Yukio*; Osawa, Hideaki; Otomo, Shoji*

no journal, , 

This presentation shows that the summarized results of an internet survey was conducted in London and Cumbria, to compare the differences of attitudes between regions, for understanding determinants on public acceptance of siting a facility for high-level radioactive waste in the UK.

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