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Journal Articles

CIELO collaboration summary results; International evaluations of neutron reactions on uranium, plutonium, iron, oxygen and hydrogen

Chadwick, M. B.*; Capote, R.*; Trkov, A.*; Herman, M. W.*; Brown, D. A.*; Hale, G. M.*; Kahler, A. C.*; Talou, P.*; Plompen, A. J.*; Schillebeeckx, P.*; et al.

Nuclear Data Sheets, 148, p.189 - 213, 2018/02

 Times Cited Count:61 Percentile:98.12(Physics, Nuclear)

The CIELO collaboration has studied neutron cross sections on nuclides that significantly impact criticality in nuclear facilities - $$^{235}$$U, $$^{238}$$U, $$^{239}$$Pu, $$^{56}$$Fe, $$^{16}$$O and $$^{1}$$H - with the aim of improving the accuracy of the data and resolving previous discrepancies in our understanding. This multi-laboratory pilot project, coordinated via the OECD/NEA Working Party on Evaluation Cooperation (WPEC) Subgroup 40 with support also from the IAEA, has motivated experimental and theoretical work and led to suites of new evaluated libraries that accurately reflect measured data and also perform well in integral simulations of criticality. This report summarizes our results and outlines plans for the next phase of this collaboration.

Journal Articles

Review of even element super-heavy nuclei and search for element 120

Hofmann, S.*; Heinz, S.*; Mann, R.*; Maurer, J.*; M$"u$nzenberg, G.*; Antalic, S.*; Barth, W.*; Burkhard, K. G.*; Dahl, L.*; Eberhardt, K.*; et al.

European Physical Journal A, 52(6), p.180_1 - 180_34, 2016/06

 Times Cited Count:155 Percentile:93.43(Physics, Nuclear)

Journal Articles

Meeting nuclear data needs for advanced reactor systems

Harada, Hideo; Shibata, Keiichi; Nishio, Katsuhisa; Igashira, Masayuki*; Plompen, A.*; Hambsch, F.-J.*; Schillebeeckx, P.*; Gunsing, F.*; Ledoux, X.*; Palmiotti, G.*; et al.

NEA/NSC/WPEC/DOC(2014)446, 111 Pages, 2014/02

Journal Articles

Mult-code ${{it ab initio}}$ calculation of ionization distributions and radiation losses for tungsten in tokamak plasmas

Ralchenko, Y.*; Abdallah, J. Jr.*; Bar-Shalom, A.*; Bauche, J.*; Bauche-Arnoult, C.*; Bowen, C.*; Busquet, M.*; Chung, H.-K.*; Colgan, J.*; Faussurier, G.*; et al.

AIP Conference Proceedings 1161, p.242 - 250, 2009/08

We present calculations of ionization balance and radioactive power losses for tungsten in magnetic fusion plasmas. The simulation were performed within the framework of non-LTE code comparison workshops utilizing independent collisional-radioactive models. The calculations generally agree with each other, however, a clear disagreement with experimental ionization distributions at low temperatures, 2 keV $$<$$ $$T$$$$_{e}$$ $$<$$ 3 keV.

Journal Articles

Orientation effects of deformed $$^{238}$$U target nuclei on the fusion probability for the heavy element synthesis

Nishio, Katsuhisa; Hofmann, S.*; Ikezoe, Hiroshi; He${ss}$berger, F. P.*; Ackermann, D.*; Antalic, S.*; Comas, V. F.*; Gan, Z.*; Heinz, S.*; Heredia, J. A.*; et al.

Nuclear Physics A, 805(1-4), p.516 - 518, 2008/06

Journal Articles

Isomeric states in $$^{214}$$Th and $$^{213}$$Th

Khuyagbaatar, J.*; Hofmann, S.*; He${ss}$berger, F. P.*; Ackermann, D.*; Antalic, S.*; Burkhard, H. G.*; Heinz, S.*; Kindler, B.*; Lisetskiy, A. F.*; Lommel, B.*; et al.

European Physical Journal A, 34(4), p.355 - 361, 2007/12

 Times Cited Count:14 Percentile:67.92(Physics, Nuclear)

Journal Articles

Measurement of evaporation residue and fission cross sections of the reaction $$^{30}$$Si + $$^{238}$$U at subbarrier energies

Nishio, Katsuhisa; Hofmann, S.*; Ikezoe, Hiroshi; He${ss}$berger, F. P.*; Ackermann, D.*; Antalic, S.*; Comas, V. F.*; Gan, Z.*; Heinz, S.*; Heredia, J. A.*; et al.

Journal of Nuclear and Radiochemical Sciences, 8(2), p.73 - 78, 2007/10

Journal Articles

The Reaction $$^{48}$$Ca+$$^{238}$$U $$rightarrow$$ $$^{286}$$112$$^{*}$$ studied at the GSI-SHIP

Hofmann, S.*; Ackermann, D.*; Antalic, S.*; Burkhard, H. G.*; Comas, V. F.*; Dressler, R.*; Gan, Z.*; Heinz, S.*; Heredia, J. A.*; He${ss}$berger, F. P.*; et al.

European Physical Journal A, 32(3), p.251 - 260, 2007/06

 Times Cited Count:253 Percentile:99.7(Physics, Nuclear)

Journal Articles

Measurement of evaporation residue cross-sections of the reaction $$^{30}$$Si + $$^{238}$$U at subbarrier energies

Nishio, Katsuhisa; Hofmann, S.*; He${ss}$berger, F. P.*; Ackermann, D.*; Antalic, S.*; Comas, V. F.*; Gan, Z.*; Heinz, S.*; Heredia, J. A.*; Ikezoe, Hiroshi; et al.

AIP Conference Proceedings 891, p.71 - 79, 2007/03

Seaborgium isotopes were produced in the fusion reaction $$^{30}$$Si + $$^{238}$$U as evaporation residues (ERs), and the cross sections were determined. The experiment was carried out at GSI in Darmstadt, Germany. At the center-of-mass energy of E$$_{c.m.}$$= 144 MeV, three $$alpha$$ decay chains starting from $$^{263}$$Sg were observed, and the corresponding ER cross section was determined to be 67 pb. At the sub-barrier energy of E$$_{c.m.}$$= 133 MeV, three spontaneous fission events of a new isotope $$^{264}$$Sg were detected. The cross section was 10 pb. The half-life of $$^{264}$$Sg was determined to be 120 ms. The ER cross sections were compared with a statistical model calculation. In the fusion process, the coupled channel calculation taking into account the prolate deformation of $$^{238}$$U was adopted to determine the capture cross section. The calculated capture cross section agrees well with the fission cross section of $$^{30}$$Si + $$^{238}$$U obtained at the JAEA tandem accelerator. The measured cross section of $$^{264}$$Sg at the sub-barrier energy is factor 10$$^{4}$$ larger than the calculation based on the one-dimensional model in the fusion process, showing the fusion enhancement caused by the deformation of $$^{238}$$U. However, disagreement with the calculation suggests the presence of quasi-fission channel. At the above barrier energy of E$$_{c.m.}$$ = 144 MeV, the measured cross section is well reproduced by the calculation. This means that the interaction of $$^{30}$$Si at the equotorial side of $$^{238}$$U has advantage on the fusion process.

Journal Articles

Measurement of the neutron capture cross section of the $$s$$-only isotope $$^{204}$$Pb from 1 eV to 440 keV

Domingo-Pardo, C.*; Abbondanno, U.*; Aerts, G.*; $'A$lvarez, H.*; Alvarez-Velarde, F.*; Andriamonje, S.*; Andrzejewski, J.*; Assimakopoulos, P.*; Audouin, L.*; Badurek, G.*; et al.

Physical Review C, 75(1), p.015806_1 - 015806_9, 2007/01

 Times Cited Count:33 Percentile:87.03(Physics, Nuclear)

The neutron capture cross section of $$^{204}$$Pb has been measured at the CERN n_TOF installation with high resolution in the energy range from 1 eV to 440 keV. In the interval between 100 keV and 440 keV we report the average cross section. The background in the entire energy range was reliably determined from the measurement of a $$^{208}$$Pb sample. We obtain a Maxwellian average capture cross section for $$^{204}$$Pb at $$kT$$ = 30 keV of 79(3) mb, in agreement with previous experiments. However our cross section at $$kT$$ = 5 keV is about 35 % larger than the values reported so far. The implications of the new cross section for the $$s$$-process abundance contributions in the Pb/Bi region are discussed.

Journal Articles

Resonance capture cross section of $$^{207}$$Pb

Domingo-Pardo, C.*; Abbondanno, U.*; Aerts, G.*; $'A$lvarez, H.*; Alvarez-Velarde, F.*; Andriamonje, S.*; Andrzejewski, J.*; Assimakopoulos, P.*; Audouin, L.*; Badurek, G.*; et al.

Physical Review C, 74(5), p.055802_1 - 055802_6, 2006/11

 Times Cited Count:24 Percentile:81.37(Physics, Nuclear)

The radiative neutron capture cross section of $$^{207}$$Pb has been measured at the CERN n_TOF facility using the pulse height weighting technique in the resoleved region. The measurement has been performed with an optimized setup of two $$C_{6}D_{6}$$ scintillation detectors, which allowed us to reduce scattered neutron backgrounds down to a negligible level. Resonance parameters have been determined for 16 resonances by means of an R-matrix analysis in the neutron energy range from 3 keV to 320 keV. Good agreement with previous measurements was found at low neutron energies, whereas substantial discrepancies appear beyond 45 keV. With the present results, we obtain an s-process contribution of 77$$pm$$8 % to the solar abundance of $$^{207}$$Pb.

Journal Articles

Measurement of evaporation residue cross-sections of the reaction $$^{30}$$Si+$$^{238}$$U at subbarrier energies

Nishio, Katsuhisa; Hofmann, S.*; He${ss}$berger, F. P.*; Ackermann, D.*; Antalic, S.*; Comas, V. F.*; Gan, Z.*; Heinz, S.*; Heredia, J. A.*; Ikezoe, Hiroshi; et al.

European Physical Journal A, 29(3), p.281 - 287, 2006/09

 Times Cited Count:62 Percentile:94.03(Physics, Nuclear)

Seaborgium isotopes were produced in the fusion reaction $$^{30}$$Si + $$^{238}$$U as evaporation residues (ERs), and the cross sections were determined. The experiment was carried out at GSI in Darmstadt, Germany. At the center-of-mass energy of E$$_{c.m.}$$= 144 MeV, three $$alpha$$ decay chains starting from $$^{263}$$Sg were observed, and the corresponding ER cross section was determined to be 67 pb. At the sub-barrier energy of E$$_{c.m.}$$= 133 MeV, three spontaneous fission events of a new isotope $$^{264}$$Sg were detected. The cross section was 10 pb. The half-life of $$^{264}$$Sg was determined to be 120 ms. The ER cross sections were compared with a statistical model calculation. In the fusion process, the coupled channel calculation taking into account the prolate deformation of $$^{238}$$U was adopted to determine the capture cross section. The calculaed capture cross section agrees well with the fission cross section of $$^{30}$$Si + $$^{238}$$U obtained at the JAEA tandem accelerator. The measured cross section of $$^{264}$$Sg at the sub-barrier energy is factor 10$$^{4}$$ larger than the calculation based on the one-dimensional model in the fusion process, showing the fusion enhancement caused by the deformation of $$^{238}$$U. However, disagreement with the calculation suggests the presence of quasi-fission channel. At the above barrier energy of E$$_{c.m.}$$ = 144 MeV, the measured cross section is well reproduced by the calculation. This means that the interaction of $$^{30}$$Si at the equatorial side of $$^{238}$$U has advantage on the fusion process.

Journal Articles

New measurement of neutron capture resonances in $$^{209}$$Bi

Domingo-Pardo, C.*; Abbondanno, U.*; Aerts, G.*; $'A$lvarez, H.*; Alvarez-Velarde, F.*; Andriamonje, S.*; Andrzejewski, J.*; Assimakopoulos, P.*; Audouin, L.*; Badurek, G.*; et al.

Physical Review C, 74(2), p.025807_1 - 025807_10, 2006/08

 Times Cited Count:44 Percentile:90.47(Physics, Nuclear)

The neutron capture cross section of $$^{209}$$Bi has been measured at the CERN n_TOF facility by employing the pulse-height-weighting technique. Improvements over previous measurements are mainly because of an optimized detection system, which led to a practically negligible neutron sensitivity. Because $$^{209}$$Bi is the last stable isotope in the reaction path of the stellar s-process, the Maxwellian averaged capture cross section is important for the recycling of the reaction flow by alpha decays. In the relevant stellar range of thermal energies between $$kT$$ = 5 and 8 keV our new capture rate is about 16% higher than the presently accepted value used for nucleosynthesis calculations. The present cross section measurement is also of relevance for the design of accelerator driven systems based on a liquid metal Pb/Bi spallation target.

Journal Articles

Neutron capture cross section of $$^{232}$$Th measured at the n_TOF facility at CERN in the unresolved resonance region up to 1 MeV

Aerts, G.*; Abbondanno, U.*; $'A$lvarez, H.*; Alvarez-Velarde, F.*; Andriamonje, S.*; Andrzejewski, J.*; Assimakopoulos, P.*; Audouin, L.*; Badurek, G.*; Baumann, P.*; et al.

Physical Review C, 73(5), p.054610_1 - 054610_10, 2006/05

We have measured the neutron capture reaction yield of $$^{232}$$Th at the neutron tim-of-flight facility n_TOF at CERN in the energy range from 1 eV to 1 MeV. The average capture cross section has been extracted in the energy range from 4 keV up to 1 MeV with an overall accuracy better than 4 %. An independent IAEA evaluation shows good agreement with the data.

Journal Articles

Neutron capture cross section of $$^{232}$$Th measured at the n_TOF facility at CERN in the unresolved resonance region up to 1 MeV

Aerts, G.*; Abbondanno, U.*; $'A$lvarez, H.*; Alvarez-Velarde, F.*; Andriamonje, S.*; Andrzejewski, J.*; Assimakopoulos, P.*; Audouin, L.*; Badurek, G.*; Baumann, P.*; et al.

Physical Review C, 73(5), p.054610_1 - 054610_10, 2006/05

 Times Cited Count:42 Percentile:89.92(Physics, Nuclear)

We have measured the neutron capture reaction yield of $$^{232}$$Th at the neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF at CERN in the energy range from 1 eV to 1 MeV. The average capture cross section has been extracted in the energy range from 4 keV up to 1 MeV with an overall accuracy better than 4%. An independent IAEA evaluation shows good agreement with the data.

Journal Articles

Measurement of the resonance capture cross section of $$^{204,206}$$Pb and termination of the $$s$$-process

Domingo-Pardo, C.*; O'Brien, S.*; Abbondanno, U.*; Aerts, G.*; $'A$lvarez, H.*; Alvarez-Velarde, F.*; Andriamonje, S.*; Andrzejewski, J.*; Assimakopoulos, P.*; Audouin, L.*; et al.

AIP Conference Proceedings 819, p.288 - 292, 2006/03

The neutron capture cross sections of $$^{204}$$Pb and $$^{206}$$Pb have been measured at the CERN n_TOF installation using the time of flight method with the pulse height weighting technique. In a preliminary analysis of $$^{204}$$Pb we have determined by first time the capture cross sections for two strong $$s$$-wave resonances below 2.5 keV. In $$^{206}$$Pb we have determined capture cross sections for a large number of resonances, which were not reported in the two previous capture measurements. We discuss preliminary implications of the new cross sections in the stellar nucleosynthesis of the Pb isotopes.

Journal Articles

Measurement of $$^{139}$$La($$n$$,$$gamma$$) cross section

Terlizzi, R.*; Abbondanno, U.*; Aerts, G.*; $'A$lvarez, H.*; Alvarez-Velarde, F.*; Andriamonje, S.*; Andrzejewski, J.*; Assimakopoulos, P.*; Audouin, L.*; Badurek, G.*; et al.

AIP Conference Proceedings 819, p.283 - 287, 2006/03

We measured the neutron capture cross section of $$^{139}$$La relative to $$^{197}$$Au in the energy range of 0.6 eV to 9 keV at n_TOF, the neutron time-of-flight facility at CERN. The data were fitted using R-matrix formalism to extract resonance parameters which were used to calculate average level spacings. The data were used to determine Maxwellian-averaged neutron capture cross sections which, in turn, were used to calculate the $$^{139}$$La abundance synthesized in a steller model of the main component of the $$s$$ process.

Journal Articles

Neutron cross section measurements at n-TOF for ADS related studies

Mastinu, P. F.*; Abbondanno, U.*; Aerts, G.*; $'A$lvarez, H.*; Alvarez-Velarde, F.*; Andriamonje, S.*; Andrzejewski, J.*; Assimakopoulos, P.*; Audouin, L.*; Badurek, G.*; et al.

Journal of Physics; Conference Series, 41, p.352 - 360, 2006/00

A neutron Time-of-Flight facility (n_TOF) is operative at CERN since 2001. The innovative features of the neutron beam, in particular the high instantaneous flux, the wide energy range, the high resolution and the low background, makes this facility unique for measurements of neutron induced reactions relevant to the field of Emerging Nuclear Technologies, as well as to Nuclear Astrophysics and fundamental Nuclear Physics. The scientific motivations that have led to the construction of this new facility are here presented.

Journal Articles

High-energy spectroscopic study of the III-V nitride-based diluted magnetic semiconductor Ga$$_{1-x}$$Mn$$_{x}$$N

Hwang, J. I.*; Ishida, Yukiaki*; Kobayashi, Masaki*; Hirata, Gen*; Takubo, Ko*; Mizokawa, Takashi*; Fujimori, Atsushi; Okamoto, Jun; Mamiya, Kazutoshi*; Saito, Yuji; et al.

Physical Review B, 72(8), p.085216_1 - 085216_6, 2005/08

A2004-0178.pdf:0.19MB

 Times Cited Count:64 Percentile:87.9(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Measurements at n_TOF of the neutron capture cross section of minor actinides relevant to the nuclear waste transmutation

Cano-Ott, D.*; Abbondanno, U.*; Aerts, G.*; $'A$lvarez, H.*; $'A$lvarez-Velarde, F.*; Andriamonje, S.*; Andrzejewski, J.*; Assimakopoulos, P.*; Audouin, L.*; Badurek, G.*; et al.

AIP Conference Proceedings 769, p.1442 - 1445, 2005/05

Accurate and reliable neutron cross section data for actinides are necessary for the proper design, safety reguartion and precise performance assessment of transmutaion devices. In particular, the neutron capture cross sections of $$^{237}$$Np, $$^{240}$$Pu and $$^{243}$$Am play a key role in the design and optimization of a strategy for the Nuclear Waste Transmutation. The listed cross sections have been measured in 2004 at n_TOF with a high accuracy due to a combination of features unique in the world.

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