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Tanigawa, Hiroyasu; Ozawa, Kazumi; Morisada, Yoshiaki*; Noh, S.*; Fujii, Hidetoshi*
Fusion Engineering and Design, 98-99, p.2080 - 2084, 2015/10
Times Cited Count：14 Percentile：72.86(Nuclear Science & Technology)The vacuum plasma spray (VPS) technique has been investigated as the most practical method to form Tungsten (W) layer as a plasma facing material in fusion devices. The issues are the thermal conductivity and the strength of VPS-W, i.e., the thermal conductivity of VPS-W were significantly lower than that of the bulk W, and the hardness of VPS-W is much less than that of the bulk W. These are mainly caused by the porous structure of VPS-W. In order to solve these issues, friction stir processing (FPS) was applied on VPS-W in this study. It was suggested that FSP can contribute to significant improvement both in mechanical and thermal properties of VPS-W coating.
Ozawa, Kazumi; Tanigawa, Hiroyasu; Morisada, Yoshiaki*; Fujii, Hidetoshi*
Fusion Engineering and Design, 98-99, p.2054 - 2057, 2015/10
Times Cited Count：1 Percentile：8.53(Nuclear Science & Technology)Reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steel, as typified by F82H, is a promising candidate for structural material of DEMO fusion reactors. To prevent plasma sputtering, tungsten (W) coating was essentially required. This study aims to examine the irradiation effects on hardness and microstructure of vacuum-plasma-spray coated W-F82H steel, with a special emphasis on the impacts of grain-refining induced by frictional stir processing (FSP). It was revealed that the hardness of the VPS-FSP W after ion-irradiation to 5.4 dpa at 800
C were not remarkably changed, where bulk W usually exhibited significant irradiation hardening.
Nozawa, Takashi; Ozawa, Kazumi; Asakura, Yuki*; Koyama, Akira*; Tanigawa, Hiroyasu
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 455(1-3), p.549 - 553, 2014/12
Times Cited Count：17 Percentile：76.01(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)SiC/SiC composite is a promising candidate material of fusion DEMO reactor. This paper aims to identify its damage tolerance and strength anisotropy by various characterization techniques such as acoustic emission (AE) monitoring, electrical resistivity (ER) measurement, and digital image correlation (DIC). The AE results identified that damage accumulation initiated prior to the proportional limit stress (PLS) by both tensile and compressive loadings for 2D composites. The preliminary AE waveform analysis implied that this AE detect strength corresponds to initiation of micro-cracking but the stress-strain curve shows further linearity due to the strong interfacial friction. Then fiber sliding occurred near the PLS, followed by the non-linearlity of the curve. The preliminary tensile test results using a notched specimen also suggest notch insensitivity of the composites in any loading directions. The detailed failure mechanism will eventually be discussed with ER and DIC results.
Nozawa, Takashi; Kim, S.*; Ozawa, Kazumi; Tanigawa, Hiroyasu
Fusion Engineering and Design, 89(7-8), p.1723 - 1727, 2014/10
Times Cited Count：13 Percentile：65.34(Nuclear Science & Technology)A SiC/SiC composite is a promising candidate material for the advanced fusion DEMO blanket. For the design of the DEMO, the stability of high-temperature strength of SiC/SiC composites needs to be identified. Additionally, strength anisotropy needs to be clarified because of its unique fabric architecture. This study therefore aims to evaluate mechanical properties by various modes at elevated temperatures, eventually providing a stress envelope for the design. A P/W Tyranno-SA3 fiber reinforced CVI SiC matrix composite with multilayered SiC/PyC interface was evaluated in this study. Tensile and compressive tests were conducted by the SSTT specifically arranged for the high-temperature use. In-plane shear properties were contrarily estimated by the off-axial tensile method assuming that the mixed mode failure criterion is valid for composites. All tests were performed in vacuum. The preliminary test results indicate no degradation of both proportional limit stress (PLS) and the ultimate tensile strength at temperatures below 1000C. Similarly, no significant degradation of high-temperature compressive and in-plane shear properties were identified, finally providing the stress envelope at elevated temperatures for the design.
Nozawa, Takashi; Ozawa, Kazumi; Tanigawa, Hiroyasu
Fusion Engineering and Design, 88(9-10), p.2543 - 2546, 2013/10
Times Cited Count：16 Percentile：72.78(Nuclear Science & Technology)A SiC/SiC composite is a promising candidate for a fusion DEMO blanket. Due to the inherent quasi-ductile failure of composites, determining failure scenario for this class of composites is undoubtedly important to develop design codes in practical use of them. This study aims to evaluate the failure behavior of the quasi-ductile SiC/SiC composites to provide a strength map. For this purpose, detailed tensile, compressive and in-plane shear failure behaviors were evaluated by the acoustic emission (AE) technique. The AE results distinguished damage accumulation processes by wavelet analysis. Of particular emphasis is that matrix cracking occurred prior to the PLS by both tensile and compressive loadings because the rough-surface of SiC fibers resulted in the strong frictional stress at the fiber/matrix (F/M) interface. In this paper, an updated failure envelope will be provided by referring the actual matrix cracking stresses as more realistic and reasonable failure criteria.
Nozawa, Takashi; Ozawa, Kazumi; Tanigawa, Hiroyasu
Ceramic Materials for Energy Applications II, p.95 - 110, 2012/11
This study aims to identify failure behavior of SiC/SiC composites by varied test modes. For this purpose, acoustic emission (AE) was applied to detect composites' failure. Tensile and compressive tests were conducted for a plain-weave (P/W) chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) composite. Various loading angles were applied to discuss an anisotropic issue. AE results distinguished damage accumulation processes in axial and off-axial loading cases. Specifically, test results indicated a clear difference of damage density between tensile and compressive tests. This study also classified the characteristic failure modes by separately discussing localized variations of power within a time series by wavelet analysis.
Nozawa, Takashi; Ozawa, Kazumi; Choi, Y.-B.*; Koyama, Akira*; Tanigawa, Hiroyasu
Fusion Engineering and Design, 87(5-6), p.803 - 807, 2012/08
Times Cited Count：35 Percentile：91.01(Nuclear Science & Technology)A SiC/SiC composite is a candidate material for a demonstration fusion power reactor. Considering the inherent anisotropy of composites with variety of fabric architecture is required to precisely predict axial and off-axial mechanical properties by various failure modes. This study evaluated crack propagation behavior by the various modes to provide a strength anisotropy map and we discussed a methodology to analytically predict this trend. The strength anisotropy maps identified for various fabric orientations clearly indicate that the composites failed by the mixed modes. Specifically, due to the axial anisotropy, five individual modes such as tensile/compressive strengths in the axial/transverse directions, respectively, as well as the in-plane shear strength, are identified to be essential. In this study, with the analytical criterion based on the Tsai-Wu model, the strength anisotropy could satisfactorily be described.
Matsui, Yoshinori; Takahashi, Hiroyuki; Yamamoto, Masaya; Nakata, Masahito; Yoshitake, Tsunemitsu; Abe, Kazuyuki; Yoshikawa, Katsunori; Iwamatsu, Shigemi; Ishikawa, Kazuyoshi; Kikuchi, Taiji; et al.
JAEA-Technology 2009-072, 144 Pages, 2010/03
JAEA-Technology-2009-072.pdf:45.01MB
"R&D Project on Irradiation Damage Management Technology for Structural Materials of Long-life Nuclear Plant" was carried out from FY2006 in a fund of a trust enterprise of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. The coupled irradiations or single irradiation by JOYO fast reactor and JRR-3 thermal reactor were performed for about two years. The irradiation specimens are very important materials to establish of "Evaluation of Irradiation Damage Indicator" in this research. For the acquisition of the examination specimens irradiated by the JOYO and JRR-3, we summarized about the overall plan, the work process and the results for the study to utilize these reactors and some facilities of hot laboratory (WASTEF, JMTR-HL, MMF and FMF) of the Oarai Research-and-Development Center and the Nuclear Science Research Institute in the Japan Atomic Energy Agency.
Nozawa, Takashi; Nakata, Toshiya; Ozawa, Kazumi; Tanigawa, Hiroyasu
no journal, ,
no abstracts in English
Ozawa, Kazumi; Nozawa, Takashi; Tanigawa, Hiroyasu; Kato, Yutai*; Snead, L. L.*
no journal, ,
A silicon carbide (SiC) matrix composite is a promising candidate for nuclear fusion energy applications. Unloading-reloading cyclic tensile tests were conducted to estimate interfacial properties for unidirectional SiC/SiC minicomposites reinforced by Hi-Nicalon Type-S (HNLS) or Tyranno-SA3 SiC fibers via CVI process were conducted. The interfacial properties were also evaluated by fiber push-out test. According to these results, it is implied that both fiber surface roughness and interfacial layter thickness can impact the tensile and interfacial properties.
Nozawa, Takashi; Ozawa, Kazumi; Tanigawa, Hiroyasu
no journal, ,
A SiC/SiC composite is a promising candidate material for various engineering applications. For the practical design of composite components, the detailed failure mechanism need to be clarified since composites exhibit unique quasi-ductility in fracture. Focusing on the surface flaw issue, identifying notch sensitivity is essential to judge damage tolerance of composite materials. To date, it is convinced that composites with moderate fiber/matrix interface are generally notch insensitive. However, recent work by the authors claimed indicative notch sensitivity of advanced SiC/SiC composites by the off-axial tensile loading case. This study aims to identify the detailed damage accumulation behavior of this class of composites to fully understand their notch sensitivity. For that purpose, the digital image correlation (DIC) technique, which becomes a potential powerful tool to understand the detailed failure mechanism of composites, is specifically adopted to get a local strain distribution profile near the notch tip.
Ozawa, Kazumi; Kondo, Sosuke*; Nozawa, Takashi; Tanigawa, Hiroyasu; Hinoki, Tatsuya*
no journal, ,
A SiC/SiC composite is a promising material for fusion DEMO reactor. In this presentation, dimensional and microstructural stabilities of advanced SiC fibers after high-dose ion irradiation at the temperature, where the composite is to be used as a flow channel insert (FCI), were evaluated by step height measurement and FE-TEM, respectively. As a preliminary result using the step height measurement, matrix and fiber was relatively flat and had no significant gap in a Tyranno-SA3 composite after ion irradiation at 600C to 100 dpa, while in a Hi-Nicalon Type-S composite a hollow part was observed in the center of the fiber. Differences of two types of advance SiC fibers on microstructure were discussed, compared with previous neutron/ion- irradiated data, considering the issues associated with ion irradiation and effects of pyloritic carbon interphase.
Ozawa, Kazumi; Nozawa, Takashi; Tanigawa, Hiroyasu
no journal, ,
no abstracts in English
Ozawa, Kazumi; Taguchi, Tomitsugu; Kurotaki, Hironori; Nozawa, Takashi; Tanigawa, Hiroyasu
no journal, ,
A silicon carbide (SiC) matrix composite is a promising candidate for nuclear fusion energy applications. In order to examine the dimensional stability and microstructure of two kinds of high purity and near stoichiometric SiC fiber (Hi-Nicalon Type-S and Tyranno-SA3) after irradiation, which contain impurities compared to high crystalline and stoichiometric 
-SiC matrix, self-ion irradiation experiments at relatively lower temperatures were performed at TIARA and DuET facility. The properties after the irradiation were evaluated by means of AFM for dimensional stability and FE-TEM for microscopy. After ion irradiation at 600C to 100 dpa, shrinkage of Hi-Nicalon Type-S was obtained but the degree was smaller than the case for the irradiation at 300C to 100 dpa. Contrarily, the shrinkage of Tyranno-SA3 fiber appeared to be much smaller than the Hi-Nicalon Type-S fiber after each irradiation condition.
Nozawa, Takashi; Park, J.-S.*; Nakazato, Naofumi*; Ozawa, Kazumi; Tanigawa, Hiroyasu
no journal, ,
Silicon carbide is a candidate nuclear materials because of low-activation and superior irradiation resistance as well as perceived various characteristics inherently featured as prominent engineering ceramics and a continuous fiber reinforced composite has generally been developed due to brittleness of SiC itself. Of many material parameters for design, validation of high temperature durability at approximately 1000C is essential. Understanding of anisotropy of woven composite strength is also very important. Besides, developing comprehensive model to predict composite strength by various modes with a limited data set. This study aims to summarize the features of fracture behavior by tensile, compressive and shear at elevated temperatures. With consideration of the prediction model, we finally obtain the high temperature strength anisotropy map.
Usami, Koji; Ichise, Kenichi; Numata, Masami; Endo, Shinya; Onozawa, Atsushi; Takahashi, Hiroyuki; Kikuchi, Taiji; Ishikawa, Kazuyoshi; Yoshikawa, Katsunori; Nakata, Masahito; et al.
no journal, ,
In the R&D Project on Irradiation Damage Management Technology for Structural Materials of Long-life Nuclear Plant, the specimens to be obtained by coupling irradiation between JOYO and JRR-3 is necessary to establish the evaluation method by using the irradiation damage indicator of them. Therefore, the techniques for assembling of JRR-3 re-irradiation capsule in the Waste Safety Testing Facility (WASTEF) were developed to perform the coupling irradiation. The techniques contributed to the first coupling irradiation in the world.
Hamaguchi, Dai; Morisada, Yoshiaki*; Fujii, Hidetoshi*; Tanigawa, Hiroyasu; Ozawa, Kazumi
no journal, ,
Friction-Stir Process (FSP) were applied to OFCCu and ITER-Gr CuCrZr cooling pipe in order to evaluate the applicability of the process to mechanically strengthening pure-Cu and possible structural improvement on CuCrZr alloy. Former study revealed that the achievement of very fine grain structure at certain rotational speed and also the hardness increase to about 1.5 time higher within the stir-zone but also relatively shallow stir-zone depth compared to a length of the pin and rapid void formations. In order to avoid this phenomenon, compulsory cooling with liquid Co
during the process was introduced, and the results showed the absence of void formation at relatively lower rational speed of around 300 RPM and also maintaining the effective stir-zone to relatively higher rotational speed compared to non-cooling tests. Similar FSP tests with compulsory cooling were also applied to ITER-Gr CuCrZr cooling pipe for divertor application. The detail will be reported on the presentation.
Ozawa, Kazumi; Nozawa, Takashi; Tanigawa, Hiroyasu; Kato, Yutai*; Snead, L. L.*
no journal, ,
An advanced SiC/SiC composite is a candidate material for fusion DEMO reactor. Four types of model unidirectional SiC/SiC composites (minicomposites) with variations in fiber (Hi-Nicalon Type-S (HNLS), Tyranno-SA3, Sylramic and Sylramic-iBN) by chemical vapor infiltration method were evaluated for tensile and fiber/matrix interfacial properties. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) increased with the interfacial sliding stress (
) obtained by the hysteresis loop analysis for Tyranno-SA3, Sylramic and Sylramic-iBN. However, this was not the case for the HNLS composite. The composite achieved high UTS due to very low , arising from the larger residual radial tensile stress and smooth fiber surface. In contrast, the fracture behavior of the other composites may have been strongly affected by the clamping stress produced by the relatively rough fiber surfaces.
Ozawa, Kazumi; Koyanagi, Takaaki*; Taguchi, Tomitsugu; Nozawa, Takashi; Tanigawa, Hiroyasu; Kondo, Sosuke*; Hinoki, Tatsuya*
no journal, ,
no abstracts in English
Ozawa, Kazumi; Nozawa, Takashi; Tanigawa, Hiroyasu
no journal, ,
Interfacial properties of unidirectional CVI SiC/SiC minicomposites reinforced with Hi-Nicalon Type-S (HNLS) and Tyranno-SA3 were evaluated. Only HNLS minicomposites with 240- and 1150-nm-thick PyC interphases exhibited a pseudo-ductile behavior. Brittle fracture behavior of other minicomposites was attributed primarily to quite low fiber volume fraction. The HNLS minicomposites with 240-nm-thick exhibited an ultimate tensile strength equivalent to 79-104% of the fiber bundle strength but only 70-85% of the strength of 1150-nm-thick. Based on hysteresis loop analysis, sliding stress estimated for the 240-nm-thick appeared to be about 1.4 times as that for the 1150-nm-thick. This shows that both composites satisfy the GLS condition, but the composite with the thicker interphase could not achieve its fiber bundle strength, probably due to the lower interfacial sliding stress.
